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  1. The roster of the world's most valuable gold items reaches almost mythic status, led by the 1933 Saint‑Gaudens $20 Gold Double Eagle—an ultra‑rare coin that has shattered auction records—alongside monumental creations such as the Golden Buddha statue and a range of historically significant gold artifacts, each capable of commanding prices in the millions and illustrating how rarity, cultural weight, and craftsmanship can elevate gold far beyond its melt value into the realm of legendary treasures.
  2. The 1933 Saint‑Gaudens $20 Gold Double Eagle holds its reputation as the most valuable gold coin ever discovered, a status shaped by its unusual history and extreme scarcity. Although stamped with a modest face value of $20, the coin was never officially released into circulation after the U.S. abandoned the gold standard, and nearly the entire mintage was ordered destroyed. Only 13 known examples survived that purge, turning each remaining piece into a numismatic legend. One of these elusive coins reached a historic milestone in 2021, selling at auction for an astonishing $18.8 million, a record‑breaking figure that cemented its place as the most expensive coin ever sold and a symbol of how rarity, controversy, and historical intrigue can elevate a gold artifact far beyond its metal value.
  3. The 1907 Saint‑Gaudens $20 Gold Double Eagle, celebrated for its striking artistry and often regarded as one of the most beautiful coins ever minted, commands a wide price spectrum, with examples in lower grades selling for around $1,500 while exceptional, high‑grade or rare‑variety specimens can soar to $475,000, a range that reflects how condition, strike quality, and collector demand transform this iconic design into a highly sought‑after treasure.
  4. The Golden Buddha statue at Wat Traimit in Bangkok stands as one of the most extraordinary gold treasures ever discovered, crafted from 18‑karat gold and carrying an estimated value of around $250 million. Beyond its staggering material worth, its story elevates its significance even further: once hidden beneath layers of plaster for centuries to protect it from theft and invasion, the statue was only rediscovered in its true form in the mid‑20th century. Its immense historical, cultural, and spiritual importance makes it a priceless icon, admired not just for its gold content but for the remarkable journey that brought its brilliance back into the light.
  5. The Ming Dynasty ewer stands out as a remarkable testament to the opulence and craftsmanship of its era, a gold jug whose elegance and rarity propelled it to a $4.13 million sale at a Sotheby's auction. As a surviving treasure from the Ming dynasty, it embodies the artistic sophistication and ceremonial grandeur of imperial China, illustrating how historical significance and exquisite workmanship can elevate a gold artifact far beyond its material value into the realm of museum‑worthy masterpieces.
  6. The Crown Coin 2023 stands as one of the most extravagant modern gold creations, minted in tribute to Queen Elizabeth II and engineered on a scale rarely seen in numismatics; crafted from nearly 4 kilograms of gold and adorned with an astonishing 6,426 diamonds, it carries an estimated value of about $23 million, blending precious metals, meticulous gem‑setting, and royal symbolism into a single monumental piece that pushes the boundaries of what a commemorative coin can be.
  7. The most valuable form of gold in the world is pure 24‑karat gold, prized for its 99.9% purity and unmatched intrinsic value. It commands the highest price per gram because it contains virtually no alloys and represents gold in its most unadulterated state.
    8. Type of Gold Purity Why It's Valuable Typical Use
    24K Pure Gold 99.9% Highest intrinsic value Bullion, luxury items
    22K Gold ~91.6% High purity + durability Jewelry
    18K Gold 75% Balance of purity & strength Fine jewelry
    Bullion Bars 99.9% Best resale value Investment
    Rare Coins Varies Collector rarity Collecting, investing
  8. 24‑karat gold stands at the top of the value pyramid because its 99.9% purity gives it unmatched intrinsic worth, allowing it to command the highest market price per gram while radiating a deep, unmistakable yellow glow that signals absolute refinement; its near‑perfect composition makes it the preferred choice for investment‑grade bullion, elite jewelry, and luxury collectibles, even though its softness and malleability mean it's less suited for rugged, everyday wear, creating a fascinating balance between ultimate purity and delicate physical character that has captivated cultures and investors for centuries.
  9. While 24K gold reigns in purity, several other forms achieve remarkable value through rarity, artistry, and demand, with gold bullion bars and rounds often delivering the highest payout per ounce because their worth is tied almost entirely to metal content and global pricing; high‑karat designer jewelry in the 18K–22K range can soar far beyond melt value when crafted by luxury houses such as Cartier or Tiffany & Co., where brand prestige and meticulous workmanship elevate each piece into a premium collectible; and rare gold coins—from bullion staples like the American Gold Eagle and Maple Leaf that closely follow market value to numismatic treasures whose historical significance or scarcity can push their prices well above their gold content—add another layer of allure to the world of precious metals.
  10. The world's most expensive jewelry pieces are dominated by legendary diamonds whose value comes from rarity, history, and extraordinary craftsmanship. The top of the list consistently features the Hope Diamond, valued up to $250 million, followed by other record‑setting gems and masterpieces.
    • Hope Diamond — $200–$250 million: A 45.52‑carat deep‑blue diamond with a storied past involving royalty and myth. Considered the most famous and among the most valuable jewels ever created.
    • A Heritage in Bloom — ~$200 million: Wallace Chan's transformable necklace featuring a 104‑carat diamond and hundreds of smaller stones. Celebrated for its engineering complexity and artistic design.
    • Peacock Brooch by Graff — ~$100 million: Features a 20.02‑carat deep‑blue diamond surrounded by a fan of multicolored diamonds arranged like a peacock's tail. One of the most valuable brooches ever made.
    • Pink Star Diamond — $71.2 million (auction record): A 59.60‑carat fancy vivid pink diamond sold at Sotheby's in 2017. Holds the record for the highest price ever paid for a gemstone at auction.
    • Wittelsbach‑Graff Diamond — ~$80 million: A 31.06‑carat blue diamond with centuries of European royal history. Known for its deep color and noble provenance.
    • L'Incomparable Diamond Necklace — $55 million: Contains a 407‑carat yellow diamond, one of the largest internally flawless diamonds ever found. Among the priciest necklaces globally.
  11. The Hope Diamond, a 45.52‑carat deep‑blue marvel valued between $200 million and $250 million, carries a presence that feels almost theatrical—its color born from trace boron, its glow under ultraviolet light a startling red that seems pulled from myth. Originating as the massive Tavernier Blue in 17th‑century India, the gem passed through French royalty, British aristocrats, and American collectors, gathering tales of misfortune that fueled its infamous "curse" and elevated its legend. Now resting in the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, it commands crowds with the quiet confidence of an object that has survived empires, inspired superstition, and dazzled generations, all while spinning one of the most captivating sagas in the world of precious stones.
  12. A Heritage in Bloom, the visionary creation of artist‑jeweler Wallace Chan, transforms a 104‑carat diamond into a spectacle of movement and symbolism, turning a single gem into the heart of a $200 million masterpiece. The necklace radiates Chan's signature fusion of Eastern artistic heritage and cutting‑edge innovation, with intricate floral motifs that seem to breathe and shift like living sculpture. Every component—down to the tiniest gemstone—was engineered to be detachable and reconfigurable, allowing the piece to be worn in multiple forms, a testament to both technical brilliance and poetic imagination. The result is a jewel that feels less like an accessory and more like a myth made tangible, where centuries‑old craftsmanship meets modern artistry in a dazzling, almost otherworldly harmony.
  13. The Pink Star Diamond, a breathtaking 59.60‑carat fancy vivid pink gem, stands as one of the most extraordinary stones ever unearthed, and its 2017 Sotheby's sale for $71.2 million only amplified its legend. Cut from a 132‑carat rough discovered by De Beers, the diamond's intense color and internally flawless clarity place it in a category so rare that even seasoned gem experts speak of it with a kind of reverence. Its polished form radiates a saturated, almost electric pink that feels impossible in nature, yet undeniably real. As one of the most expensive diamonds ever sold, it represents not just geological rarity but the pinnacle of human craftsmanship—an object that seems to blur the line between natural wonder and artistic perfection.
  14. The Peacock Brooch by Graff Diamonds, valued at an astonishing $100 million, unfurls like a jeweled bird frozen mid‑display, its centerpiece a mesmerizing 20.02‑carat deep‑blue diamond that anchors the entire composition. Surrounding it is a lavish sweep of white, yellow, orange, and green diamonds arranged with such precision that the brooch seems to shimmer with movement, echoing the regal fan of a peacock's tail. The piece blends technical mastery with theatrical artistry, transforming an array of rare gemstones into a radiant burst of color and form. It stands not just as a brooch but as a statement of extravagance and imagination, a creation that turns the natural beauty of a peacock into a wearable spectacle of light.
  15. The Wittelsbach‑Graff Diamond, a 31.06‑carat deep‑blue treasure, carries centuries of European history within its facets, having passed through the hands of royal families and aristocrats since the 1600s. Originally part of the Bavarian Crown Jewels, the stone was admired for its unusual color and remarkable clarity long before modern gemology existed to measure such things. Its journey across generations—marked by political shifts, dynastic marriages, and changing fortunes—adds a sense of grandeur to its already striking presence. Valued at around $80 million, the diamond stands today as both a masterpiece of nature and a relic of royal legacy, a gem whose story is as compelling as its brilliance.
  16. The Wittelsbach‑Graff Diamond, valued at roughly $80 million, is a 31.06‑carat deep‑blue gem whose story stretches across more than three centuries of European aristocracy. First recorded in the 1600s, it became part of the Bavarian Crown Jewels and remained tied to royal ceremonies, dynastic marriages, and shifting political fortunes. Its rich, steely blue color and exceptional clarity made it a prized possession long before modern grading systems existed, and its provenance—woven through generations of nobles—adds a layer of prestige that rivals its physical beauty. Today, the diamond stands as both a geological rarity and a historical artifact, carrying the weight of its royal past in every facet.
  17. L'Incomparable Diamond Necklace, valued at $55 million, is anchored by a breathtaking 407‑carat deep‑yellow diamond—one of the largest internally flawless stones ever discovered. The centerpiece was found decades ago in the Democratic Republic of Congo by chance, reportedly by a young girl playing near a mining site, which only adds to its legend. The finished necklace surrounds this monumental gem with a cascade of smaller white diamonds arranged in an asymmetrical, almost sculptural design that feels both opulent and daring. As one of the most expensive necklaces in existence, it stands as a fusion of rarity, scale, and artistic ambition, transforming an already extraordinary diamond into a piece that feels almost regal in its presence.
  18. Gold comes in many forms, but some types are exceptionally rare and expensive due to their purity, historical significance, or unique properties. The most following valuable, expensive and rare gold items made by pure gold (24K) [the highest purity gold, containing 99.99% gold], gold coins, or gold alloys [special alloys like blue gold (gold mixed with indium) and purple gold (gold mixed with aluminum) are rare and highly valued.].
    • The golden Patek Philippe pocket watch, priced at nearly $25 million.
    • The Henry Graves Jr. Supercomplication Watch, valued at $24 million.
    • The 1933 Double Eagle, worth $18.87 million.
    • The Gold Chairman Mao Statue, priced at $16 million.
    • The Stuart Hughes Diamond iPhone 5, valued at $15 million.
    • The Ming Dynasty Tripod Vessel, also priced at $15 million.
    • Niclas Castello's Gold Cube, worth $11.7 million.
    • The 1822 $5 Capped Bust Half Gold Eagle. The last recorded auction price for this privately owned coin was $687,500 in 1982, but experts estimate its value could exceed $10 million today
    • The Taj Mahal Neck Chain, priced at $8.81 million.
    • The 1861 Coronet, Paquet Reverse gold $20 double eagle.
      • The Philadelphia Mint version is one of the rarest U.S. coins, with only two known examples. One sold for $7.2 million in 2021.
      • The San Francisco Mint version had a mintage of 19,250, but only about 267 are believed to still exist. Depending on condition, its value ranges from $37,931 to over $310,626.
    • The 1804 $10 Draped Bust Gold Eagle, valued at $5.28 million.
    • The 1870-S $3 Gold Coin, worth $5.25 million.
    • The 723 AD Umayyad Gold Dinar, valued at $4.76 million.
    • The Big Maple Leaf, priced at $4 million.
    • The 1829 $5 Capped Head Left Half Eagle, worth $2.88 million.
    • The 1879 $4 Coiled Hair Stella Gold Coin, valued at $1.04 million.
  19. The Koh-i-Noor diamond remains one of the most disputed jewels in history, with multiple countries claiming ownership. The governments of India, Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan have all demanded its return, arguing that it was taken unfairly during British colonial rule. The debate over the Koh-i-Noor continues, with many viewing it as a symbol of colonial exploitation.
    • India's Claim - India has repeatedly requested the return of the Koh-i-Noor, especially after gaining independence in 1947. Many Indians believe the diamond was looted by the British after the Second Anglo-Sikh War in 1849. The Indian government has made formal appeals, but the British government insists it was acquired legally under the Treaty of Lahore.
    • Pakistan's Claim - Pakistan argues that the diamond belonged to the Sikh Empire, which ruled parts of present-day Pakistan. Since Maharaja Duleep Singh, the last Sikh ruler, was forced to hand over the diamond to the British, Pakistan claims it should be returned to Lahore, where the Sikh Empire was based.
    • Afghanistan's Claim - Afghanistan asserts that the Koh-i-Noor was once in the possession of Nader Shah, the Persian ruler who invaded India in 1739. Since the diamond passed through Afghan rulers before reaching the Sikh Empire, Afghanistan believes it has a rightful claim.
    • Iran's Claim - Iran also claims ownership, citing its historical connection to Nader Shah, who took the diamond from the Mughal Empire. Iran argues that since the diamond was originally in Persian hands, it should be returned.
    • British Response - The British government has consistently rejected all claims, stating that the diamond was legally obtained and is now part of the Crown Jewels. It remains set in the Crown of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, displayed in the Tower of London.
  20. The Koh-i-Noor diamond, meaning "Mountain of Light," is one of the most famous and controversial diamonds in history. It was originally mined in India, likely from the Kollur Mine in present-day Andhra Pradesh. Today, the Koh-i-Noor is set in the Crown of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother and is displayed in the Tower of London.
    • Early History - The diamond's exact origins are unclear, but it was first recorded in the Mughal Empire. It was part of the Mughal Peacock Throne, a lavish throne adorned with precious gems. In 1739, Persian ruler Nader Shah invaded Delhi and took the diamond, giving it its famous name.
    • Changing Hands - Over the centuries, the Koh-i-Noor passed through various rulers, including the Afghan Durrani dynasty and the Sikh Empire. In 1849, after the Second Anglo-Sikh War, the British East India Company took possession of the diamond and presented it to Queen Victoria.
    • British Royal Jewel - The diamond was displayed at the Great Exhibition in London in 1851, but its original cut failed to impress. Prince Albert, Queen Victoria's husband, ordered it to be re-cut into an oval brilliant shape. Since then, it has been worn exclusively by female members of the British royal family, as it is believed to bring bad luck to male wearers.
    • Controversy and Ownership Disputes - The governments of India, Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan have all claimed ownership of the Koh-i-Noor, demanding its return since India's independence in 1947. However, the British government insists it was obtained legally under the Treaty of Lahore in 1849.
  21. Diamonds are prized for their beauty, rarity, and staggering price tags. Red diamonds are the rarest of all colored diamonds, followed by pink and blue. Their scarcity and unique hues make them highly sought after by collectors and investors. Koh-I-Noor, The Cullinan Diamond, The Hope Diamond, De Beers Centenary Diamond, Pink Star Diamond, Oppenheimer Blue, Moussaieff Red Diamond, and Cullinan Diamond are the most expensive and rare diamonds in the world.
    • The Koh-i-Noor - This legendary diamond, meaning "Mountain of Light," is considered priceless and has a fascinating history, passing through the hands of Mughal emperors, Persian rulers, and British royalty.
    • The Cullinan Diamond: a $400 million diamond of 3,106.75 carats, the largest rough gem-quality diamond ever found.
    • The Hope Diamond: a $250 million diamond of 45.52 carats, famous for its blue color and alleged curse. De Beers Centenary Diamond: a $100 million diamond of 273.85 carats, the highest grade of colorless diamond.
    • Pink Star Diamond – A stunning 59.6-carat pink diamond that sold for $71.2 million, the largest flawless fancy vivid pink diamond, making it one of the most expensive diamonds ever auctioned.
    • Oppenheimer Blue – A 14.62-carat vivid blue diamond, fetching $57.5 million at auction.
    • Moussaieff Red Diamond – The largest known red diamond, weighing 5.11 carats, valued at around $20 million.
    • Cullinan Diamond – The largest rough diamond ever discovered, originally 3,106 carats, later cut into several famous stones, including the Great Star of Africa.
  22. Graff Diamonds Hallucination, Graff Diamonds The Fascination, Breguet Grande Complication Marie-Antoinette, Patek Philippe Grandmaster Chime 6300A-010, Jaeger-LeCoultre Joaillerie 101 Manchette, Chopard 201-Carat Watch, Patek Philippe Henry Graves Supercomplication, Jacob & Co. Billionaire Watch, and Rolex Paul Newman Daytona are some of the most expensive watches ever made. These luxury watches, which are more than just timepieces—they're symbols of craftsmanship, prestige, and sometimes pure extravagance, are not just accessories—they're milestones in horological history.
    • Graff Diamonds Hallucination – $55 million: A dazzling masterpiece covered in 110 carats of rare colored diamonds.
    • Graff Diamonds The Fascination – $40 million: Features a 38.13-carat D Flawless diamond that can be detached and worn separately.
    • Breguet Grande Complication Marie-Antoinette – $30 million: Commissioned for the queen herself, packed with every complication available at the time.
    • Patek Philippe Grandmaster Chime 6300A-010 – $31 million: The most expensive watch ever sold at auction, featuring two dials and 20 complications.
    • Jaeger-LeCoultre Joaillerie 101 Manchette – $26 million: Gifted to Queen Elizabeth II, it holds one of the world's smallest mechanical movements.
    • Chopard 201-Carat Watch – $25 million: Adorned with 874 diamonds, including a 15-carat pink, 12-carat blue, and 11-carat white heart-shaped diamond.
    • Patek Philippe Henry Graves Supercomplication – $24 million: A pocket watch with 24 complications and over 900 parts, built in 1933.
    • Jacob & Co. Billionaire Watch – $18 million: Features 260 carats of emerald-cut diamonds set into an 18k white gold case.
    • Rolex Paul Newman Daytona – $17.8 million: Worn daily by actor Paul Newman, this watch sparked a frenzy in vintage Rolex collecting.
  23. Platinum and gold are both precious metals with unique properties and uses; while gold is known for its rich yellow color, more abundant and has been valued for thousands of years, platinum has a white-silver hue and is rarer than gold, making it more expensive in general. Gold is softer and less dense than platinum, and is often alloyed with other metals to increase its strength, especially in jewelry, while platinum is denser and more durable than gold, making it highly resistant to wear and tarnish.
  24. Gold and diamonds are major global commodities, with different countries leading in reserves and production. The United States holds the largest official gold reserves at 8,133.5 tonnes, followed by Germany (3,351.5 tonnes), Italy (2,451.8 tonnes), France (2,437.0 tonnes), Russia (2,333.0 tonnes), China (2,279.6 tonnes), Switzerland (1,039.9 tonnes), India (876.2 tonnes), Japan (846.0 tonnes), and the Netherlands (612.0 tonnes). These reserves serve as a hedge against economic uncertainty. On the diamond front, Russia leads with 37.3 million carats produced annually, followed by Botswana (25.1 million carats), Canada (16.0 million carats), Angola (9.8 million carats), the Democratic Republic of Congo (8.3 million carats), South Africa (5.9 million carats), Zimbabwe (4.9 million carats), Namibia (2.4 million carats), Sierra Leone (0.5 million carats), and Lesotho (0.47 million carats). While Russia dominates in both gold reserves and diamond volume, Botswana is renowned for high-quality gem diamonds, making these nations key players in the global luxury and industrial markets.
  25. Gold is widely used in jewelry, electronics, dentistry, and as a monetary asset; platinum is used in jewelry, automotive catalytic converters, medical instruments, and certain industrial applications due to its high melting point and corrosion resistance.
  26. Gold and platinum are prized for their distinct physical properties and versatile applications. Gold, with its malleability, conductivity, and resistance to corrosion, is widely used in jewelry, electronics, dentistry, and as a reliable store of monetary value. Platinum, known for its high melting point and stability, plays a crucial role in automotive catalytic converters, medical instruments, industrial equipment, and premium jewelry, thanks to its durability and sleek appearance. Together, these metals bridge luxury and utility across multiple industries.
  27. Gold prices can be more volatile but it remains a popular investment as a hedge against inflation and economic uncertainty while platinum is more expensive but its market can be influenced by its industrial demand, which ties to the automotive sector.
  28. South Africa is the world's leading producer of platinum, accounting for about 68.32% of global production, following by Russia contributing around 15.52%, Zimbabwe producing about 8%, Canada with around 4.47% and the United States contributing about 2.26% of the world's platinum.
  29. The country with the most gold reserves is the United States, holding approximately 8,133.46 tonnes of gold valued at around $687.73 billion, following by Germany, Italy, France, China, and Switzerland which hold 3,351.53 tonne, 2,451.84 tonnes, 2,436.94 tonnes, 2,264.32 tonnes, and 1,039.94 tonnes respectively.
  30. Since gold often maintains its value over time and can act as a hedge against inflation, investing in gold has been a popular choice for centuries; during economic or geopolitical uncertainty investors often turn to gold as a safe haven.
  31. The £3.5 million Diamond Bra, known as the Hearts on Fire Diamond Fantasy Bra, was crafted by Victoria's Secret and unveiled in 2006. This dazzling creation featured 2,000 perfectly cut diamonds totaling over 800 carats, including a 10-carat diamond brooch shaped like a Victorian flower. Despite its extravagant weight and sparkle, model Karolina Kurkova described it as surprisingly comfortable—proof that luxury and wearability can coexist, even in the world of gem-encrusted lingerie.
  32. Diamonds have a high intrinsic value and can be a good store of wealth; however, their prices can be volatile and are influenced by factors such as supply and demand, economic conditions, and trends. The diamond market is less liquid compared to other investment options like stocks or gold.
  33. Diamonds symbolize eternal love, purity, and strength, making them popular for engagement rings and significant life events. The brilliance, rarity, and enduring nature of diamonds make them a fitting symbol of eternal love and commitment, and perfect for marking special occasions and milestones.
  34. Russia, Botswana and Canada are the top countries having the most diamonds. Russia is the world's largest producer and exporter of rough diamonds, mining close to 42 million carats while Botswana is producing around 24.8 million carats and Canada around 16.2 million carats annually. The majority of Russia's diamond production comes from the Siberian region of Yakutia, where the largest diamond mine in the world is located.
  35. The most expensive piece of jewelry ever sold is the Pink Star Diamond, which fetched a staggering $71.2 million at a Sotheby's auction in Hong Kong in 2017. This 59.6-carat diamond, which is currently owned by Chow Tai Fook Enterprises in Hong Kong, is renowned for its exceptional color and clarity, making it one of the rarest and most valuable diamonds in the world.
  36. The Pink Star Diamond, mined by De Beers in Africa in 1999, is a spectacular 59.6-carat gemstone renowned for its mesmerizing color and flawless clarity. After a meticulous two-year process of cutting and polishing, it emerged as one of the largest and most exquisite vivid pink diamonds ever uncovered, setting a new standard in the world of rare gemstones and captivating collectors across the globe.
  37. Platinum is among the rarest and most expensive of the popular precious metals. It is an extremely rare metal occurring at a concentration of only 0.005 ppm (parts per million) in Earth's crust It is rarer and more expensive than gold. Platinum, which was named 'platina', meaning 'little silver', is one of the least reactive metals. It has remarkable resistance to corrosion, even at high temperatures, and is therefore considered a noble metal. Platinum is used for jewellery and many other areas, such as dentistry, as a catalyst in petroleum refining, anti-pollution devices (automobile and industry), electronics, and pharmaceuticals when a substitute is not available as it is very rare, or for prestige.
  38. The world's most expensive pieces of jewelry:
    • Pink Star Diamond Ring: Sold for $83 million at auction in 2013.
    • Wittelsbach-Graff Diamond: Valued at $80 million after Laurence Graff recut it.
    • L'Incomparable Diamond Necklace: Valued at $55 million, certified by Guinness World Records.
    • The Graff Pink: Sold for $46.2 million in 2010.
    • The Diamond Bikini: Designed by Susan Rosen with Steinmetz Diamonds, valued at $30 million.
    • Hutton-Mdivani Jadeite Necklace: Sold for $27.4 million, now part of the Cartier Collection.
    • Chopard 201-Carat Watch: Valued at $25 million, featuring 874 diamonds.
    • The Winston Blue: Sold for $23.8 million, a flawless vivid blue diamond.
    • The Perfect Pink Diamond: Sold for $23.2 million, a 14.23-carat fancy intense pink diamond.
    • The Zoe Diamond: A vivid blue diamond sold for $32.6 million.
    • 1912 Cartier Diamond Brooch: The $17.6 million figure is plausible but not widely cited.
    • The Blue Belle of Asia: Sold for $17.3 million at Christie's in 2014.
    • Heart of the Ocean Necklace: The real version by Harry Winston was worn at the Oscars, valued at $20 million.
    • The Graff Vivid Yellow: Sold for $16.3 million.
    • Chopard Blue Diamond Ring: Sold for $16.26 million.
    • The Bvlgari Blue: Sold for $15.7 million.
    • Heart of the Kingdom Ruby Necklace: Valued at $14 million.
    • Emerald and Diamond Tiara: Valued at $12.7 million.
    • Wallis Simpson Panther Bracelet: Sold for $12.4 million.
    • The Vivid Pink by Graff: Sold for $11.8 million.
  39. The world's most expensive bikini was designed by Susan Rosen in collaboration with Steinmetz Diamonds, featuring over 150 carats of D-Flawless diamonds set in platinum and valued at approximately $30 million. This dazzling creation includes a 51-carat pear-shaped diamond, a 30-carat emerald cut, two 15-carat round diamonds, and a pair of 8-carat pear-shaped diamonds, all meticulously arranged to form a barely-there swimsuit. Modeled by Molly Sims for Sports Illustrated in 2006, the bikini was more of a statement piece than swimwear—designed to showcase opulence and craftsmanship rather than functionality.
  40. The Imperial State Crown stands 31.5 cm tall and weighs approximately 1.06 kg (2.3 lb)—slightly more than the 0.91 kg figure sometimes cited. It dazzles with over 3,000 precious stones, including 2,868 diamonds, 269 pearls, 17 sapphires, 11 emeralds, and 5 rubies. One of its most famous gems is the 317-carat Cullinan II diamond, also known as the Second Star of Africa, prominently set at the front of the crown. Crafted in 1937 for King George VI, the crown remains a powerful symbol of British monarchy and is worn during coronations and State Openings of Parliament.
    • The Imperial State Crown, crafted in 1937 for King George VI, stands 31.5 cm tall and weighs approximately 1.06 kg (2.3 pounds), adorned with over 3,000 precious stones including 2,868 diamonds, 269 pearls, 17 sapphires, 11 emeralds, and 5 rubies. Among its most storied gems are the 317-carat Cullinan II diamond, known as the Second Star of Africa, prominently set at the front; the 170-carat Black Prince's Ruby, actually a red spinel with a royal and battle-worn legacy dating back to Edward of Woodstock and Henry V; and the 104-carat Stuart Sapphire, a deep blue gem once belonging to the exiled Stuart dynasty, now resting at the back of the crown. These historic stones weave together centuries of monarchy, conflict, and regalia into one spectacular symbol of royal heritage.
  41. The word "diamond" originates from the ancient Greek word "adamas" (ἀδάμας), which means unbreakable, invincible, or indestructible. This name was chosen to reflect the extraordinary hardness of diamonds—the hardest known natural material on Earth. Over time, "adamas" evolved through Latin as adamantem, then Old French diamant, and finally into the English "diamond." The term also carried metaphoric weight in ancient cultures, symbolizing strength, purity, and permanence.
  42. As of 2024 and 2025, the United States holds the world's largest gold reserves at 8,133.5 tonnes, comprising 71.3% of its foreign reserves, followed by Germany with 3,351.3 tonnes (73.0%), the IMF with 2,814.1 tonnes, Italy with 2,452.0 tonnes (69.6%), and France with 2,437.0 tonnes (71.2%). Russia has significantly increased its holdings to 2,336.0 tonnes (31.1%), while China now holds 2,280.0 tonnes (5.2%). Other notable reserves include Switzerland at 1,040.0 tonnes (9.3%), Japan at 846.0 tonnes (5.5%), and India at 876.0 tonnes (11.0%). The Netherlands maintains 612.0 tonnes (63.2%), the ECB holds 506.5 tonnes (42.4%), Taiwan has 422.7 tonnes (5.6%), Portugal with 382.7 tonnes (76.3%), and Saudi Arabia possesses 323.1 tonnes (5.3%). The UK holds steady at 310.3 tonnes (13.9%), Turkey at 591.7 tonnes (34.9%), Lebanon at 286.8 tonnes (61.6%), and Spain rounds out the list with 281.6 tonnes (21.1%). These figures reflect both geopolitical strategy and economic diversification among major global economies.
  43. In 2012 the U.S. had the largest gold reserves in the world, around 8,134 tons.
    • United States - Gold: 8,133.5 tones - Reservation: 74.5%
    • Germany - Gold: 3,395.5 tones - Reservation: 72.4%
    • IMF - Gold: 2,814.0 tones - Reservation: NA
    • Italy - Gold: 2,451.8 tones - Reservation: 72.0%
    • France - Gold: 2,435.4 tones - Reservation: 71.6%
    • China - Gold: 1,054.1 tones - Reservation: 1.7%
    • Switzerland - Gold: 1,040.1 tones - Reservation: 11.5%
    • Russia - Gold: 936.7 tones - Reservation: 9.6%
    • Japan - Gold: 765.2 tones - Reservation: 3.2%
    • Netherlands - Gold: 612.5 tones - Reservation: 59.8%
    • India - Gold: 557.7 tones - Reservation: 10.0%
    • ECB - Gold: 502.1 tones - Reservation: 32.3%
    • Taiwan - Gold: 423.6 tones - Reservation: 5.7%
    • Portugal - Gold: 382.5 tones - Reservation: 90.3%
    • Venezuela - Gold: 362.0 tones - Reservation: 70.9%
    • Saudi Arabia - Gold: 322.9 tones - Reservation: 2.8%
    • United Kingdom - Gold: 310.3 tones - Reservation: 15.9%
    • Turkey - Gold: 295.5 tones - Reservation: 14.4%
    • Lebanon - Gold: 286.8 tones - Reservation: 29.4%
    • Spain - Gold: 281.6 tones - Reservation: 29.5%
  44. The Graves Supercomplication, crafted by Patek Philippe for American banker Henry Graves Jr., was sold at auction in Geneva on November 12, 2014 for a record-breaking 20.6 million Swiss francs (£13.4 million). Commissioned in 1925 and delivered in 1933, the watch took eight years to complete and was made from 18-karat gold, not 24-karat as sometimes misstated. Weighing approximately 536 grams (1.18 pounds), it features 24 complications, including a perpetual calendar, Westminster chimes, sunrise and sunset times, and a celestial map of the night sky above Graves's New York apartment2. It remains the most complicated mechanical watch ever made without computer assistance.
  45. In 2024, China led global gold consumption with 985.3 metric tons, followed by India with 802.8 tons, while Vietnam and Thailand consumed 55.3 and 48.8 tons respectively. Moving into 2025, India's demand is projected to range between 700 and 800 metric tons, influenced by high prices; China's consumption dropped significantly to 290.5 tons in the first quarter alone; Thailand saw 9.1 tons in Q1, continuing its upward investment trend; and Vietnam is estimated to reach 28 tons for the first half of the year, bolstered by strong retail demand.
    46. In 2012 India consumed 864.2 metric tons of gold compared with 776.1 tons in China, 80.9 tons in Thailand, and 77 tons in Vietnam.
  46. The Shirley Temple Blue Diamond, a 9.54-carat "Fancy Deep Blue" gem, was purchased by the actress's father in 1940 for $7,210 to mark her 12th birthday and the premiere of her film The Blue Bird. Though it was estimated to fetch between $25 million and $35 million at a Sotheby's auction in 2016, bidding stalled at $22 million—below the reserve price—so it didn't sell2. Despite this, the diamond remains one of the most iconic colored stones, prized for its rarity, provenance, and deep blue hue.
  47. Diamond, the hardest natural material known, ranks 10 on the Mohs scale and is widely used for industrial cutting, grinding, and polishing tools. Roughly 80% of all mined diamonds are not suitable for jewelry due to lack of clarity, color, or size and are instead reserved for industrial applications. Most diamonds formed deep within Earth's mantle under intense heat and pressure are estimated to be between 1 to 3 billion years old. About 65% of the world's diamonds are sourced from southern Africa, with countries like Botswana, South Africa, Namibia, Angola, and the Democratic Republic of Congo playing key roles in global diamond production and trade.
  48. Diamonds have been known in India for over 6,000 years, initially treasured as religious icons and symbols of divine power. India was the earliest source of diamonds until Brazil's discovery in 1725, when miners unearthed stones along the Jequitinhonha River, shifting the global supply. Today, the world's leading diamond producers are Africa, Russia, Botswana, Australia, and Canada, with Russia mining over 37 million carats in 2023 and Botswana home to the richest mine, Jwaneng. Despite not producing diamonds domestically, the United States remains the largest diamond market, accounting for more than 45% of global retail demand, driven by luxury branding, consumer culture, and major industry hubs like New York's Diamond District.
  49. Synthetic and natural diamonds differ primarily in origin, rarity, and market value: natural diamonds form deep within the Earth over billions of years under extreme pressure and heat, often containing unique inclusions and color variations, while synthetic diamonds are created in laboratories within weeks using High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) or Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) methods, resulting in stones with fewer imperfections and controlled color. Both types share identical chemical composition and hardness (10 on the Mohs scale), but natural diamonds typically retain higher resale value due to their geological rarity and cultural prestige, whereas synthetic diamonds are 20–90% more affordable, environmentally friendlier, and ethically sourced, making them increasingly popular among modern consumers
  50. Each year, approximately 26,000 kilograms (57,000 pounds) of diamonds are mined globally, which translates to about 130 million carats. These diamonds come from major producers like Russia, Botswana, Canada, and South Africa, and are valued at nearly $9 billion annually. While diamonds are often associated with luxury and romance, a significant portion is also used for industrial purposes due to their unmatched hardness.
  51. Discovered on January 26, 1905, at the Premier Mine in South Africa, the Cullinan Diamond remains the largest gem-quality rough diamond ever found, weighing an astonishing 3,106.75 carats (621.35 grams or 1.37 pounds) and measuring approximately 10.5 cm (4.1 inches) in its longest dimension2. Named after Sir Thomas Cullinan, the mine's owner, this massive stone was later gifted to King Edward VII and cut into nine major diamonds and dozens of smaller gems, with the largest—Cullinan I, or the Great Star of Africa—weighing 530.2 carats and now set in the Sovereign's Sceptre as part of the British Crown Jewels.
  52. The Tiffany Yellow Diamond was discovered in 1877 at the Kimberley Mine in South Africa, initially weighing an astounding 287.42 carats (57.484 grams) in its rough form. Purchased a year later by Charles Lewis Tiffany for $18,000, it was sent to Paris where gemologist George Frederick Kunz oversaw its transformation into a magnificent 128.54-carat cushion-cut gem with 82 expertly placed facets to enhance its brilliance and fire. Now one of the largest and most famous fancy yellow diamonds in the world, it remains a centerpiece of Tiffany & Co.'s legacy and has been worn by select celebrities on rare and glamorous occasions.
  53. The terms "carat" and "karat" may sound similar but refer to different measures: a carat (ct) is a unit of weight used for gemstones, equal to 200 milligrams, and remains the global standard for measuring diamonds and other precious stones, while a karat (kt) indicates the purity of gold, with 24kt signifying pure gold. Although 24kt gold contains nearly 100% gold, it is the softest and least durable form, making it a poor choice for everyday jewelry, which is why lower karat alloys like 14kt and 18kt—blended with harder metals such as copper, silver, or nickel—are typically preferred for wearability and strength.
  54. Gold purity is measured in karats, with each level representing a specific percentage of gold content: 8kt gold contains approximately 33.48%, 10kt has around 41.81%, 14kt includes 58.48%, and 18kt features about 75.15% gold. Rarely used 19kt gold has 79.31% purity, while 22kt gold appears in two standards—90% for coinage and 92% for traditional jewelry. At the top of the scale, 24kt gold is considered pure, containing 99.9–100% gold, although its softness makes it less suitable for everyday wear.
  55. Gold alloys are created by mixing pure gold with other metals to achieve various colors and properties. For yellow gold, 18kt consists of 75% gold, 12.5% silver, and 12.5% copper, while 14kt contains 58.5% gold, 25% silver, and 17% copper. White gold blends 75% gold with 5% copper, 15% nickel, and 5% zinc in 18kt form, whereas the 14kt version includes 58.5% gold, 20% copper, 14.5% nickel, and 7.5% zinc. Rose gold gets its distinctive pink hue from higher copper content—18kt rose gold has 75% gold, 2.75–5% silver, and 20–22.25% copper, and 14kt rose gold is composed of 58.5% gold, roughly 8–10% silver, and about 32–33.5% copper. These mixtures vary slightly by manufacturer but follow standard proportions to achieve their unique colors and characteristics. A summary is provided below
    • Contents of gold made in other colors - 18kt yellow gold: 75% gold + 12.5% silver + 12.5% copper; 14kt yellow gold: 58% gold + 25% silver + 17% copper; 18kt white gold: 75% gold + 5% copper + 15% nickel + 5% zinc; 14kt white gold: 58% gold + 20% copper + 14.5% nickel + 7.5% zinc; 18kt rose gold: 75% gold + 5% silver + 20% copper; and 14kt rose gold: 58% gold + 10% silver + 32% copper.
  56. In contrast to the 11% drop in gold prices in 2015 caused by a strengthening US dollar, both 2024 and 2025 saw historic highs followed by market corrections. In 2024, gold surged above $2,472 per ounce in August, fueled by geopolitical tensions, central bank purchases, and economic uncertainty, before settling around $2,441—marking a gain of over $500 from the previous year. Continuing that trend, gold peaked at $3,500 per ounce in April 2025 before dipping to $3,283 in July as profit-taking, a stronger dollar, and easing safe-haven demand tempered the rally.
  57. Gold is the only naturally metal material that is not chemically affected by air, moisture and most corrosive reagents. Gold is one of the least reactive elements in nature, making it uniquely resistant to corrosion and tarnish. It doesn't react with oxygen, moisture, or most acids and alkalis, which is why it remains chemically unaffected by air and water—even in harsh environments. This exceptional stability stems from its high ionization energy and tightly packed atomic structure, placing it among the noble metals. While most metals oxidize or corrode over time, pure gold retains its luster indefinitely, making it ideal for jewelry, electronics, and currency. Only a few substances, like aqua regia (a mix of nitric and hydrochloric acid), can dissolve it.
  58. Since overtaking South Africa in 2008, China has remained the world's largest gold producer, yielding 380 metric tons in 2024—around 11.5% of global output—and beginning 2025 with 87.24 metric tons produced in the first quarter. In contrast, South Africa's gold production has continued to decline, with just 100 metric tons mined in 2024 and a 2.5% drop in April 2025, as it grapples with deep mine operations, energy challenges, and aging infrastructure.
  59. Gold, platinum, and copper are all exceptionally ductile metals, capable of being stretched into long, thin wires without breaking due to their face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structures, which allow atoms to shift easily across planes. Gold leads in ductility—a single gram can be drawn into a wire over 3 kilometers long, and an ounce can extend up to 60 miles. Platinum comes close, frequently used in high-precision components like electrical contacts and catalytic converters. Copper, though slightly less ductile, remains highly flexible and is widely used in electrical wiring for its outstanding conductivity and ease of refinement. This remarkable ductility makes all three metals indispensable in industries spanning from electronics to aerospace.
  60. Gold is famously ductile—meaning it can be stretched into incredibly thin wires without breaking. In fact, a single troy ounce of pure gold (about 31.1 grams) can be drawn into a wire up to 60 miles (nearly 100 kilometers) long, with a diameter of just a few microns. This remarkable property makes gold ideal for high-precision electronics, especially in microcircuits and aerospace applications where reliability is critical.
  61. As of 2025, approximately 216,265 metric tons of gold have been extracted from the Earth's underground and riverbeds—a dramatic increase from the earlier estimate of 88,000 tons—thanks to technological advances and large-scale mining after 1950, which accounts for nearly two-thirds of the total. To visualize it, all the gold ever mined would fit into a cube about 22 meters (72 feet) per side, and since gold is virtually indestructible, almost all of it still exists today in various forms like jewelry, coins, bars, electronics, and reserves held by central banks.
  62. Gold is so heavy that one cubic foot of its weighs half a ton. The largest gold nugget found in California (US) weighs 195 pounds. Gold is incredibly dense—one cubic foot of pure gold weighs about 1,206 pounds, making even small volumes remarkably heavy and valuable. In California, the largest gold nugget ever discovered tipped the scales at 195 troy pounds and was unearthed in 1854 at Carson Hill; it was worth $43,000 at the time, but today its value would soar into the millions due to both its mass and historical significance.
  63. The best diamonds are colored blue-white. The phrase "blue-white" diamonds was once used to describe colorless diamonds (graded D, E, or F) that displayed strong blue fluorescence under UV light, giving them a bluish glow that jewelers marketed as superior; however, this fluorescence can sometimes make diamonds look hazy or oily in natural light, which detracts from their clarity. Modern gemology has moved away from the term due to its ambiguity, instead focusing on the 4 Cs—cut, color, clarity, and carat weight—to assess quality, with D-color diamonds regarded as the most desirable among colorless stones. Meanwhile, genuinely blue diamonds, known as Fancy Vivid Blue, owe their color to boron impurities and are among the rarest and most valuable gems, often fetching millions.
  64. Pearls can dissolve in vinegar due to their composition of calcium carbonate, which reacts with the acetic acid in vinegar; this chemical process releases carbon dioxide, creating a fizzing effect and gradually breaking down the pearl over 24 to 36 hours. The myth of Cleopatra dissolving a pearl in vinegar to impress Marc Antony is rooted in historical lore, and while likely dramatized, the science behind it holds up—though it's more of a slow disintegration than an instant melt.
▷ Watches & Clocks
  1. Presidential watch ownership sits in a completely different category from foreign‑government gifts, and the historical record shows a long tradition of American presidents choosing or receiving timepieces through personal purchase, domestic gifting, or family inheritance, rather than through diplomatic channels. From George Washington, who carried elegant Swiss pocket watches crafted by Jean‑Antoine Lépine and other European makers, to Abraham Lincoln, who owned an American‑made Waltham pocket watch, to modern presidents wearing everything from Timex to Rolex, these watches reflect personal taste, cultural moments, and evolving technology rather than international diplomacy. Collectors and historians often study these pieces because they reveal subtle details about each president's character and era, but they remain firmly outside the realm of foreign‑government gifts, making them part of a parallel narrative of presidential timekeeping rather than a diplomatic one.
  2. George Washington's timepieces sit at the foundation of American horological history, and his Swiss pocket watches—especially those attributed to Jean‑Antoine Lépine—stand out as elegant symbols of refinement in the early republic; one of these watches, engraved simply with "G. Washington," has become a treasured artifact, embodying both the craftsmanship of late‑18th‑century Geneva and the personal taste of the nation's first president, turning a practical object into a piece of national heritage.
  3. Thomas Jefferson's relationship with timekeeping reveals the same precision‑loving mind that shaped his architecture, science, and political philosophy, and the centerpiece of his horological world was the French‑made brass calendar clock that still hangs at Monticello, a device he designed the house around and relied on to regulate daily life with almost ritualistic discipline; alongside it, he kept European pocket watches crafted by skilled makers of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, instruments that mirrored his fascination with exact measurement, mechanical elegance, and the orderly structure he believed should govern both a household and a republic.
  4. Abraham Lincoln's timepieces carry an almost mythic weight because they bridge personal history and national crisis, and his American Waltham pocket watch is the most famous of them all—a simple gold watch that secretly became a time capsule when a watchmaker, working on it in 1861, engraved hidden messages about the outbreak of the Civil War inside the case. Lincoln never knew about the inscriptions, which remained undiscovered for nearly 150 years, turning the watch into one of the most evocative artifacts of his presidency. Alongside it, he owned a George Chatterton pocket watch from his Springfield years, a locally made piece that reflects the practical, unadorned sensibility of his life before the White House, grounding the legend of Lincoln in the everyday objects he carried through the defining moments of American history.
  5. Ulysses S. Grant's timepieces fit the character of a post–Civil War general turned president: practical, American, and built for reliability rather than show. He is known to have owned several pocket watches, most of them American‑made pieces from the rapidly growing domestic watch industry that flourished after the war. These watches reflected the era's shift toward industrial precision and national pride in homegrown manufacturing, and they matched Grant's own straightforward, unadorned style. While none of his watches carry the dramatic stories attached to Lincoln's, they remain evocative artifacts of a president whose life moved between battlefield urgency and the steady rhythms of Reconstruction.
  6. Franklin D. Roosevelt's timepieces capture both his personal style and the atmosphere of a nation moving through crisis and transformation. His most recognizable wristwatch was a Tiffany & Co.–signed Movado, a refined, modern piece that suited the understated elegance he favored during his presidency. Alongside it, he relied on a Minute Man pocket watch, a patriotic, mass‑produced American timepiece that became symbolically linked to his wartime leadership. Together, these watches reflect the duality of FDR's public image—one part polished cosmopolitan statesman, one part steady commander guiding the country through its most turbulent years.
  7. Harry Truman's taste in timepieces fit neatly into the clean, confident aesthetic of the mid‑20th century, and nothing captures that better than his Universal Genève Tri‑Compax, a sophisticated chronograph that blended technical complexity with understated elegance. Its triple‑calendar layout and balanced dial design made it one of the most advanced wristwatches of its era, and on Truman's wrist it became a quiet emblem of postwar modernity—precise, purposeful, and unmistakably in tune with the moment when America was stepping onto the global stage with renewed confidence.
  8. Dwight D. Eisenhower's association with the Rolex Datejust helped turn that watch into one of the most recognizable symbols of mid‑century American leadership. His gold Datejust—engraved with his five‑star general insignia and presented after World War II—became one of the first Rolex watches ever linked to a U.S. president, and Rolex later featured it prominently in advertising, transforming Eisenhower's personal timepiece into an icon of the brand's postwar identity. On his wrist, the watch projected the same polished steadiness that defined his public image, blending military precision with the quiet confidence of a leader guiding the country through an era of prosperity and global responsibility.
  9. John F. Kennedy's watches tell two very different stories—one about elegance and taste, the other about myth and controversy. His most authentic and characteristic timepiece was his Cartier Tank, a slim, refined watch that perfectly matched his minimalist, modern aesthetic. It became part of his public image: understated, cultured, and effortlessly stylish. The Tank's clean geometry and quiet luxury made it a natural fit for a president who understood the power of visual symbolism. Then there's the other watch—the Rolex Day‑Date inscribed "JFK – From Marilyn." This piece sits in the realm of political folklore. It was reportedly given by Marilyn Monroe in 1962, accompanied by a poem, but Kennedy is said to have never worn it and may have asked an aide to dispose of it immediately to avoid scandal. The watch resurfaced decades later at auction, where its inscription and backstory made it one of the most talked‑about presidential‑related timepieces ever offered. Together, these two watches capture the duality of Kennedy's legacy: the cultivated statesman on one hand, and the enduring aura of mystery and myth on the other.
  10. Lyndon B. Johnson's watches are some of the most influential in presidential history because they helped cement the cultural link between American power and luxury timekeeping. His most famous choice was the Rolex Day‑Date, a watch he wore so consistently and so publicly that it eventually earned the nickname "The President." Rolex embraced the association, and the Day‑Date's identity became inseparable from Johnson's larger‑than‑life political presence—bold, authoritative, and unmistakably American in its swagger. But Johnson's horological tastes weren't limited to Rolex. He also wore Hamilton watches, reflecting his appreciation for American craftsmanship, and Vulcain watches, including the brand's signature Cricket alarm model, long known as "the President's watch" because so many U.S. leaders favored it. Together, these timepieces paint a portrait of LBJ as a man who understood the symbolic power of what he wore and wasn't shy about choosing watches that projected confidence, modernity, and command.
  11. Richard Nixon's relationship with watches is a fascinating blend of personal habit and presidential protocol, and it's one of the clearest examples of how gift‑value rules shaped what a president could and couldn't accept. He is best known for declining the gold Omega Speedmaster that Omega intended to present to him after the Apollo 11 mission. The watch—engraved and meant to honor the first Moon landing—fell well above the allowable value for foreign or corporate gifts, so Nixon followed the rules and refused it, sending it instead to the Smithsonian. That refusal actually elevated the watch's mystique, turning it into one of the most historically significant Speedmasters ever made. Privately, Nixon wore a mix of wristwatches, none of which became iconic in the way Eisenhower's Rolex or Johnson's Day‑Date did. His choices tended to be practical and understated, matching his preference for low‑profile personal accessories. While the specifics of his everyday watches are less documented than those of some other presidents, the combination of his private habits and his very public refusal of the Apollo watch gives Nixon a distinctive place in presidential horological history.
  12. Gerald Ford's watches capture a fascinating moment when presidential style met the dawn of modern digital technology. He wore two very different but equally emblematic timepieces. Ford often wore the Rolex Day‑Date, continuing the tradition set by Lyndon B. Johnson. On his wrist, the watch projected a sense of stability and classic presidential polish—gold, substantial, and unmistakably authoritative. It fit Ford's image as a steadying figure after the turbulence of the early 1970s. In sharp contrast, Ford also embraced the future with the Hamilton Pulsar P2 LED, one of the first commercially successful digital watches. With its red LED display and push‑button time readout, it was a technological marvel of its era—space‑age, bold, and radically modern. Seeing a U.S. president wear one symbolized the country's fascination with innovation during the post‑Apollo, early‑computer age. Together, these two watches show Ford straddling tradition and modernity: one foot in the classic world of presidential horology, the other in the bright, blinking future of digital timekeeping.
  13. Jimmy Carter's watch choices fit his personality perfectly—unpretentious, functional, and quietly disciplined. He became known for wearing simple, practical watches, most famously Timex models, which matched his image as a frugal, down‑to‑earth leader who preferred substance over flash. At a time when some presidents leaned toward luxury brands, Carter's straightforward timepieces reinforced the authenticity and modesty that defined his public life, turning even his watch into a subtle extension of his character.
  14. Ronald Reagan's watch choices reflected the polished, quietly confident style that defined his public persona, and the two brands most closely associated with him—Rolex and Cartier—capture that blend of classic elegance and Hollywood‑to‑Washington refinement. Reagan was frequently photographed wearing a Rolex Datejust, a watch that suited his preference for timeless, understated luxury. The Datejust's clean dial, fluted bezel, and balanced proportions aligned perfectly with Reagan's image as a traditionalist who valued craftsmanship without ostentation. It became one of the subtle visual signatures of his presidency. He also occasionally wore Cartier, a brand long associated with refined, minimalist design. While less iconic in his public imagery than the Rolex, Reagan's Cartier pieces reinforced the same aesthetic sensibility—elegant, slim, and quietly sophisticated, echoing the style he carried from his Hollywood years into the Oval Office. Together, these watches paint a portrait of Reagan as a man who favored classic, enduring design over flash, choosing timepieces that projected confidence and polish without ever shouting for attention.
  15. George H. W. Bush's watch habits were exactly what you'd expect from a man known for modesty, discipline, and a certain New England restraint. He wasn't interested in flashy status symbols, and his timepieces reflected that grounded sensibility. He favored Timex watches, especially simple, durable quartz models. His choice aligned perfectly with his understated public image—reliable, practical, and quietly patriotic. The Timex brand itself leaned into the association, highlighting Bush's preference in later marketing as a reminder that even a president could choose an affordable, no‑nonsense watch. Bush's Timex habit became a subtle symbol of his character: a leader who valued function over flair and never felt the need to dress his wrist in anything more extravagant than what got the job done.
  16. Bill Clinton's watches trace one of the most dramatic style evolutions of any modern president—starting with a humble digital sports watch and ending with a collection that would impress even seasoned horology enthusiasts. At the beginning of his presidency, Clinton famously wore a Timex Ironman, a lightweight digital sports watch that looked more at home on a jogger than on the wrist of the leader of the free world. It became unexpectedly iconic, partly because it contrasted so sharply with the luxury watches worn by many of his predecessors. The Ironman reinforced Clinton's image as youthful, energetic, and approachable. After leaving office—and even during his later presidential years—Clinton's horological tastes expanded dramatically. He developed a reputation as a serious watch collector, gravitating toward high‑end mechanical pieces. His collection has included: Panerai – Large, bold, military‑inspired watches that became a signature of early‑2000s style. Rolex – Including classic models that reflect timeless Swiss craftsmanship. A. Lange & Söhne – A pinnacle of German watchmaking, known for exquisite finishing and engineering; Clinton has been seen wearing a Lange Saxonia, a choice that signals deep appreciation for haute horology. This evolution—from a plastic digital Timex to some of the world's most prestigious mechanical watches—makes Clinton one of the most interesting figures in presidential watch history. His collection reflects curiosity, sophistication, and a genuine love of fine craftsmanship rather than mere status signaling.
  17. George W. Bush kept the presidential watch tradition refreshingly down‑to‑earth. His go‑to timepiece was the Timex Indiglo, a watch that perfectly matched his practical, no‑nonsense style. He consistently wore a Timex Indiglo, favoring its durability, simplicity, and easy‑to‑read backlit display. The choice echoed the understated approach of his father and reinforced the Bush family's reputation for modest, functional accessories rather than luxury statements. In many ways, the Indiglo became a quiet emblem of his presidency—reliable, unpretentious, and built for everyday use rather than symbolism.
  18. Barack Obama's watches form one of the most recognizable modern presidential collections, and each piece reflects a different chapter of his public life. Obama's most famous watch is the Jorg Gray JG6500, a chronograph gifted to him by his Secret Service detail for his 46th birthday in 2007. The watch features a Secret Service emblem on the dial, distinguishing it from the retail version. He wore it during major moments, including his nomination speech and even while accepting the Nobel Peace Prize. It became so iconic that Jorg Gray released a commemorative edition after his inauguration. Because the gift came from his domestic security detail, it did not fall under foreign‑gift restrictions. Later in his presidency and afterward, Obama was frequently seen wearing a Shinola Runwell, supporting the Detroit‑based brand known for American assembly and clean, modern design. This choice fit his preference for understated, American‑made accessories. In his post‑presidential years, Obama adopted an Apple Watch, reflecting his comfort with modern tech and his shift toward a more casual, contemporary style. It appears in public events and interviews as part of his everyday rotation.
  19. Donald Trump's watch history is a study in bold taste, personal branding, and the occasional brush with diplomatic protocol. His choices lean toward classic luxury, but with a distinctly Trumpian flair. One of Trump's most recognizable personal watches is the Patek Philippe Golden Ellipse, a model known for its elegant, minimalist oval‑shaped case. It reflects a preference for refined, old‑world luxury. The Golden Ellipse is understated compared to some of Trump's other accessories, but it signals deep appreciation for high‑end Swiss craftsmanship. Trump has also been associated with the Rolex Day‑Date, the quintessential "power watch." The Day‑Date's gold case and President bracelet align with his long‑standing taste for bold, high‑visibility luxury. It fits neatly into the tradition of presidents—especially LBJ—who favored the model as a symbol of authority and success. During his presidency, Trump displayed a gold‑plated Rolex desk clock in the Oval Office. It was not his personal property; it was a foreign gift to the United States, presented during a meeting with Swiss executives. As with all foreign gifts above a certain value, it became U.S. government property and remained part of the official collection rather than Trump's personal belongings. This combination of personal luxury watches and a high‑profile diplomatic gift makes Trump's horological footprint one of the more visually distinctive in modern presidential history.
    • Donald Trump received a gold‑plated Rolex desk clock with a green malachite dial and fluted bezel, a piece not available to the public and presented during a White House visit by Swiss business executives, including Rolex CEO Jean‑Frédéric Dufour. Reports confirm that the clock was formally given to the United States and its president as a symbolic gesture during discussions about tariffs on Swiss imports, and the piece quickly drew attention after appearing on the Resolute Desk.
  20. Joe Biden's watch choices form a refined, quietly confident collection—classic without being showy, and unmistakably in line with his long‑established personal style. Biden is frequently seen wearing Omega Seamaster models, a choice that blends durability with understated elegance. The Seamaster's clean lines and balanced proportions suit his preference for traditional, reliable design. It's a watch that signals taste without leaning into flash. He has also worn Omega Speedmasters, the iconic chronograph associated with spaceflight and mid‑century engineering. On Biden, the Speedmaster reads as a nod to classic American optimism and technical achievement. It adds a slightly sportier edge to his otherwise conservative wardrobe. Rounding out his rotation is the Rolex Datejust, a timeless staple of Swiss watchmaking. Biden's Datejust choices tend to be modestly configured—nothing overly ornate. The model's versatility makes it a natural fit for both formal events and everyday wear. Taken together, Biden's watches reflect a blend of classic Swiss luxury and understated taste. No single piece dominates his public image, but the collection as a whole conveys steadiness, tradition, and a quiet appreciation for craftsmanship. It's a horological profile that mirrors his broader aesthetic: polished, familiar, and comfortably timeless.
  21. The most expensive clocks in the world form an elite constellation of mechanical artistry and historical prestige, led by Patek Philippe's Duc d'Orléans Sympathique Clock, a 19th‑century masterpiece that has reached tens of millions of dollars at auction with its self‑setting mechanism and royal provenance; joined by the Qing‑dynasty Zimingzhong automaton clocks, colossal gilded creations built in England for the Chinese imperial court that now achieve multi‑million‑dollar results for their jeweled cases and elaborate musical performances; followed by the Breguet Sympathique clocks, whose ingenious self‑regulating pocket‑watch docks have pushed prices into the multi‑million range; and enriched by the Matteo Ricci–era Jesuit chiming clocks, early 17th‑century marvels that became treasured imperial heirlooms and command extraordinary valuations today. Together, these clocks stand at the summit of horological value, where engineering brilliance, artistic extravagance, and historical gravity converge into objects that transcend ordinary measurement.
  22. The most valuable clocks in the world form a dazzling constellation of mechanical extravagance, led by Patek Philippe's Duc d'Orléans Sympathique Clock, a 19th‑century masterpiece that has reached tens of millions of dollars at auction with its self‑setting mechanism and royal lineage; joined by the Qing‑dynasty Zimingzhong automaton clocks, English‑made marvels whose jeweled cases, musical movements, and animated figures now achieve multi‑million‑dollar results; enriched by the Jesuit chiming clocks presented to the Ming emperors in the early 1600s, technological wonders that became imperial treasures; and anchored by ancient Chinese water clocks and astronomical towers, priceless scientific instruments commissioned by emperors and revered as cultural heirlooms, collectively forming a rare group of timekeeping creations where artistry, innovation, and historical gravity converge at the highest level of value.
  23. The most valuable giant clocks in the world form a spectacular lineage of monumental engineering and artistic ambition, led by the Strasbourg Astronomical Clock, a 60‑foot Renaissance masterpiece packed with calendrical systems, automata, and an orrery that has made it priceless as both a scientific instrument and cultural icon; joined by the Prague Astronomical Clock, the world‑famous medieval marvel whose astronomical dial, animated figures, and 600‑year legacy elevate it beyond monetary measure; followed by the Clock Tower of the Palace Museum in Beijing, home to enormous Qing‑dynasty automaton clocks crafted in Europe and China, some valued in the tens of millions for their gilded cases and elaborate mechanical performances; and crowned by London's Great Clock of Westminster—known globally as Big Ben—whose sheer scale, historical weight, and engineering precision make it one of the most symbolically valuable timekeeping structures ever built. Together, these colossal clocks stand as towering expressions of human ingenuity, blending science, spectacle, and cultural power on a monumental scale.
  24. For the pre‑18th‑century era, the most valuable China‑related timepieces fall into three remarkable categories: the Jesuit‑gifted imperial clocks of the late Ming dynasty, whose chiming mechanisms and gilded cases astonished the Wanli court; the British‑made Zimingzhong automaton clocks of the early Qing period, theatrical creations filled with music, motion, and opulent decoration crafted expressly to captivate the imperial household; and the ancient Chinese water clocks and astronomical mechanisms that long predated Western horology yet carried immense scientific and ceremonial weight. Together, these objects now command extraordinary prices at auction and stand as national treasures, each representing a different chapter in China's evolving relationship with timekeeping, technology, and imperial prestige.
  25. Zimingzhong, the spectacular "self‑ringing bells" crafted in England for the Chinese court during the 17th century, occupy a dazzling niche in early global luxury craftsmanship; these automaton clocks blended music, mechanical animation, and lavish ornamentation into theatrical objects designed to astonish Qing‑dynasty elites, their jeweled surfaces and dancing figures turning each piece into a miniature stage where Western engineering met Chinese imperial taste, ultimately transforming them into coveted diplomatic gifts and high‑value treasures within the palace collections.
  26. European mechanical clocks that reached the Ming court in the late 16th and early 17th centuries occupy a remarkable place in early global horology, and the episode involving Matteo Ricci's presentation of lavish chiming clocks to the Wanli Emperor reads almost like the opening act of a technological and cultural drama; these ornate, gilded, and technically sophisticated timepieces—far beyond anything produced in China at the time—captivated the imperial household, became treasured objects within the palace, and ignited a fascination with Western mechanisms that would shape courtly tastes and diplomatic exchanges for generations.
  27. Early Chinese timekeeping instruments—long before the arrival of Western mechanical clocks—formed a sophisticated tradition built around water clocks, astronomical towers, and clepsydras, and these devices carried immense cultural and scientific weight; crafted for imperial use and often commissioned by emperors themselves, they embodied the intellectual ambitions of their eras, from regulating court rituals to tracking celestial movements, and their engineering ingenuity and historical resonance now place them among the most valuable and symbolically powerful pre‑18th‑century Chinese timekeeping artifacts.
  28. The most expensive watches of 2025 are dominated by ultra‑rare Patek Philippe grand complications and extravagant diamond‑covered Graff creations, with prices reaching well into the tens of millions. These pieces sit at the intersection of engineering, rarity, and extreme luxury, making them the crown jewels of the global watch market.
    • Graff Diamonds Hallucination — ~$55 million: A kaleidoscopic masterpiece set with an array of rare, vividly colored diamonds. Frequently cited as the most expensive watch in the world in 2025.
    • Patek Philippe Grandmaster Chime Ref. 6300A — $30–35 million+: Known for its 20 complications, reversible case, and extreme rarity. Continues to dominate auction records and private sales.
    • Graff Diamonds The Fascination — ~$40 million: Features a 38.13‑carat pear‑shaped diamond that can be detached and worn as a ring. A hybrid of haute joaillerie and high horology.
    • Patek Philippe Henry Graves Supercomplication — ~$24 million: A historic pocket watch with 24 complications. Remains one of the most valuable mechanical timepieces ever sold.
    • Patek Philippe Grand Complications (various references) — $5–15 million: Includes rare perpetual calendars, minute repeaters, and unique‑piece commissions. High demand from collectors keeps prices rising.
  29. The record‑breaking sale of Francis Ford Coppola's F.P. Journe FFC Prototype for $10.755 million in 2025 at Phillips New York marked the brand's highest auction result and the sixth‑most‑expensive watch ever sold, standing out as the only piece in that elite tier not crafted by Patek Philippe or Rolex; it surpassed previous F.P. Journe milestones such as the Chronomètre à Résonance "Souscription" at $8.3 million in 2024, the Tourbillon Souverain "Souscription" at $7.2 million, and the Octa Calendrier "Souscription" at $6.5 million, while modern cult favorites like the Chronomètre Bleu Byblos at $1.5 million continue to captivate collectors, together illustrating how François‑Paul Journe's independent artistry has propelled his creations into the multi‑million‑dollar echelon of horology.
    • FFC Prototype – Francis Ford Coppola: Sold for $10.755 million in 2025 at Phillips New York, breaking the brand's record.
    • Chronomètre à Résonance "Souscription": Achieved $8.3 million in 2024 at Phillips Geneva, previously the highest Journe sale.
    • Tourbillon Souverain "Souscription": Sold for $7.2 million, celebrated for its early subscription model rarity.
    • Octa Calendrier "Souscription": Reached $6.5 million, prized for its innovative automatic calendar system.
    • Chronomètre Bleu Byblos: Sold for $1.5 million, a modern cult classic with a unique open‑worked dial.
  30. In a dramatic turn of events, Francis Ford Coppola, who revealed last March that he was nearly broke after pouring millions of his own money into financing Megalopolis, turned to his personal watch collection to raise funds. By October, he told The New York Times that to "keep the ship afloat" he was selling several timepieces through Phillips, the prestigious auction house. Then, on a frenzied Saturday night on Park Avenue, one of his prized watches—a rare F.P. Journe—ignited a bidding war and ultimately sold for nearly $11 million. That sale made it the sixth-most-expensive watch ever auctioned, and notably, the only piece in the top tier not crafted by Patek Philippe or Rolex, cementing both Coppola's gamble and F.P. Journe's place in horological history.
  31. Swiss watch exports in 2024 totaled CHF 26.0 billion, marking a 2.8% decline from 2023, yet the regional story reveals striking contrasts: the United States surged 5% to CHF 4.4 billion (about $4.8 billion), cementing its role as the largest market, while China plunged 25.8% and Hong Kong fell 19.9%, reflecting Asia's economic slowdown; in the Middle East, the Emirates climbed nearly 33% over nine years, from CHF 951 million in 2015 to CHF 1.27 billion (about $1.57 billion) in 2024, underscoring its growing appetite for luxury timepieces; Europe remained steady with strong performances in Germany, France, and the UK, and Japan posted modest growth, helping offset regional declines—together painting a vivid picture of how Swiss horology thrives in some markets while struggling in others.
  32. The stories behind Patek Philippe's record‑breaking auctions are as dramatic as the watches themselves. The Grandmaster Chime Ref. 6300A, which sold for $31 million at the 2019 Only Watch charity auction, drew an intense bidding war that lasted nearly 20 minutes, with collectors vying for the unique steel case and 20 complications. The Henry Graves Supercomplication, a pocket watch with 24 complications, reached $24 million in 2014 after fierce competition between private bidders, cementing its place as the most expensive Patek pocket watch. The Ref. 1518 Stainless Steel, one of only four known, soared to $17.6 million in 2025, with its rarity driving collectors into a frenzy. Meanwhile, the Ref. 1518 Pink Gold "Prince Mohammed Tewfik A. Toussou" achieved $9,570,000 in 2021, its royal provenance adding immense cultural weight. Even modern creations like the Ref. 5016A Platinum and Ref. 5208T Titanium, selling for $7.3 million and $6.2 million respectively, show how unique materials and complications spark bidding wars. These auctions reveal not only the staggering values of Patek Philippe's masterpieces but also the passion, prestige, and storytelling that make each sale a landmark in horological history.
    • Grandmaster Chime Ref. 6300A – Sold for $31 million in 2019 at Only Watch charity auction, the most expensive wristwatch ever.
    • Ref. 1518 Stainless Steel – One of only four known, sold for $17.6 million in 2025, reaffirming its legendary status.
    • Henry Graves Supercomplication – A pocket watch with 24 complications, sold for $24 million in 2014, still the most expensive Patek pocket watch.
    • Ref. 1518 Pink Gold "Prince Mohammed Tewfik A. Toussou" – Sold for $9,570,000 in 2021, famed for its rarity and royal provenance.
    • Ref. 5208T Titanium – Sold for $6.2 million in 2017, a unique titanium grand complication made for Only Watch.
    • Ref. 5016A Platinum – Sold for $7.3 million in 2015, featuring tourbillon, minute repeater, and perpetual calendar.
    • Ref. 2499 Platinum – Sold for $3.9 million, one of only two known examples of this perpetual calendar chronograph.
    • Ref. 2523 World Time – Sold for $7.8 million, celebrated for its cloisonné enamel dial and rarity.
    • Ref. 5207P – Sold for $2.3 million, combining tourbillon, minute repeater, and perpetual calendar.
    • Ref. 3974 – Sold for $2.1 million, a self-winding minute repeater with perpetual calendar.
  33. The world of antique and specialty watches offers distinct strengths across different brands, each excelling in a particular style or finish. Bulova and Frederique Constant are celebrated for steel and chrome-finished antique watches, combining durability with timeless elegance. For yellowish-gold pocket watches, Elgin and Tiffany's stand out with their rich, classic designs. Collectors seeking rare, high-value pocket watches often turn to Baume & Mercier or Tissot, prized for scarcity and craftsmanship. Enthusiasts of Skeleton-style watches admire the artistry of Stuhrling and Patek Philippe, where exposed movements showcase mechanical beauty. For hunter-style pocket watches, Kronen & Sohne and Waltham offer intricate covers and vintage charm. Meanwhile, Longines has a strong heritage in antique sports watches, and Hamilton remains iconic for Railroad watches, built with precision for America's railroads.
  34. The Titanic Passenger's Pocket Watch, once owned by Isidor Straus, co-owner of Macy's, set a remarkable record when it sold at auction in England for $2.3 million. Straus had been traveling first class with his wife aboard the Titanic when it tragically sank in April 1912, and the watch became a poignant relic of that fateful voyage. According to Henry Aldridge & Son, the auction house that organized the sale, this was the highest price ever achieved for a piece of Titanic memorabilia, underscoring both its historical significance and the enduring fascination with artifacts from the legendary ship.
  35. Paul Newman's Rolex Daytona, sold for an extraordinary $17.8 million in 2017, is one of the most iconic watches ever to cross the auction block; once worn daily by the legendary actor and racing driver, its allure stems not only from the rarity of the vintage Daytona model but also from the powerful celebrity provenance that transformed this timepiece into a cultural artifact, elevating it far beyond horology into the realm of history and myth.
  36. The Patek Philippe Star Caliber 2000 pocket watch is a millennial masterpiece, created to mark the dawn of the 21st century with horological brilliance. Encased in 18K white gold, it houses the extraordinary Caliber 2000 manual-winding movement, a mechanism of over 300 meticulously finished components. Its Westminster Chimes complication plays the iconic Big Ben melody on the hour, a sonic tribute to tradition, while the white enamel dial with applied gold Breguet numerals and sweeping hands elegantly displays hours, minutes, seconds, and moon phases. With an estimated value of up to $4 million, this showpiece embodies Patek Philippe's fusion of precision engineering and decorative artistry, standing as a symbol of both millennial celebration and timeless craftsmanship.
  37. The Patek Philippe Grandmaster Chime Ref. 6300A-010, a one-of-a-kind stainless steel masterpiece created for the Only Watch charity auction, shattered records in Geneva in 2019 when it sold for an astonishing $31 million, cementing its place as the most expensive watch ever auctioned; boasting 20 complications—including a grande and petite sonnerie, a minute repeater, a perpetual calendar, dual time zones, and even an alarm that chimes the time—this horological marvel combined rarity, technical brilliance, and philanthropic allure to ignite a bidding frenzy and redefine the boundaries of luxury watch collecting.
  38. The Patek Philippe Perpetual Calendar Chronograph Ref. 1518 in stainless steel achieved a staggering $17.6 million at auction in 2025, eclipsing its own previous record of $11 million set in 2016; with only four known examples in existence, this timepiece is among the rarest wristwatches ever produced, and its historical importance as the world's first serially produced perpetual calendar chronograph wristwatch cements its legendary status in horology, blending scarcity, innovation, and timeless prestige into one extraordinary artifact.
  39. The Patek Philippe Ref. 1518 in pink gold, famously known as the Prince Mohammed Tewfik A. Toussou, embodies both rarity and regal provenance. Once owned by Egyptian royalty, this masterpiece is distinguished by its elegant pink gold casing and sophisticated design, making it one of the most coveted vintage watches in existence. At its last auction in 2021, the timepiece achieved a staggering $9,570,000, a figure that underscores its status as a cornerstone of luxury horology and a pinnacle of collectible artistry. Its combination of historical significance, scarcity, and aesthetic refinement ensures that the Ref. 1518 remains a legend in the world of fine watchmaking.
  40. The Henry Graves Supercomplication timepiece, crafted by luxury watchmaker Patek Philippe over eight years and completed in 1933 for prominent American banker Henry Graves Jr., remains one of the most complex and valuable mechanical watches ever made without computer assistance. Featuring 24 intricate complications, it was sold in 1999 to Sheikh Saud Bin Mohammed Al-Thani of Qatar's royal family for $11 million, and after his passing, it was auctioned again on November 11, 2014 in Geneva, Switzerland, fetching a record $24 million. As of 2025, there have been no new public ownership changes or auctions reported, and the watch is currently believed to be in a private collection, occasionally featured in high-profile exhibitions and horological retrospectives.
  41. The Patek Philippe Henry Graves Supercomplication Watch is a marvel of horological engineering. The Patek Philippe Henry Graves Supercomplication (no. 198.385) is one of the most complicated mechanical pocket watches ever created. The 18-karat gold watch has 24 complications and was assembled by Patek Philippe. It was named after banker Henry Graves Jr. who supposedly commissioned it out of his desire to outdo the Grande Complication pocketwatch of American automaker James Ward Packard. The two were both at the top of the watch collecting world, regularly commissioning innovative new timepieces. This extraordinary timepiece is a testament to human ingenuity and craftsmanship.
    • Creation: Commissioned by American banker Henry Graves Jr. in 1925, it took three years to design and five years to manufacture, finally being delivered in 1933.
    • Complexity: The watch boasts 24 complications, including Westminster chimes, a perpetual calendar, sunrise and sunset times, and a celestial map of New York as seen from Graves's apartment.
    • Materials: Crafted from 18-karat gold, it contains 920 individual parts, including 430 screws, 110 wheels, 120 removable parts, and 70 jewels.
    • Value: It set a record for the most expensive watch ever sold at auction, fetching $24 million in 2014.
    • Legacy: The watch remained the most complicated mechanical timepiece for over 50 years until Patek Philippe released the Calibre 89 in 1989.
  42. From opulent design to rugged endurance, the modern luxury smartwatch landscape offers striking contrasts: the VERTU Grand Watch dazzles with its 10-layer 3D AMOLED display, Fortune Flame Pattern design, and AI Health Guard tracking heart rate, blood oxygen, and blood sugar, lasting up to 7 days; the Apple Watch Ultra 2 delivers adventure-ready performance with a rugged titanium case, always-on Retina display, advanced sensors like ECG and SpO₂, and up to 36 hours of battery life; the Samsung Galaxy Watch Ultra balances style and connectivity through a Super AMOLED screen, rotating bezel, BioActive Sensor, LTE support, sleep tracking, and endurance of 48 hours; the TAG Heuer Connected Calibre E4 merges Swiss prestige with smart versatility, offering GPS, heart rate monitoring, and customizable OLED faces; while the Garmin MARQ dominates in longevity with a titanium casing, multi-sport tracking, Pulse Ox sensor, and an impressive 12-day battery life, making this lineup a showcase of how technology, health innovation, and luxury craftsmanship converge in distinct ways.
  43. The VERTU Grand Watch emerges as a futuristic statement piece, blending luxury aesthetics with cutting-edge technology; its striking 10-layer 3D AMOLED display delivers depth and vibrancy, while the distinctive Fortune Flame Pattern design ensures it stands out as both fashion and innovation. Beyond looks, it integrates an AI Health Guard capable of monitoring heart rate, blood oxygen, and even blood sugar, positioning it as a wellness companion as much as a timepiece. With up to 7 days of battery life, this watch balances high performance with practicality, redefining what a modern luxury smartwatch can achieve.
  44. The Apple Watch Ultra 2 pushes the boundaries of smartwatch design and performance, combining a rugged titanium case built for durability with an always-on Retina display that ensures clarity in any environment; equipped with advanced health sensors such as ECG and SpO₂ monitoring, it delivers powerful wellness insights while maintaining up to 36 hours of battery life, making it a versatile companion for both extreme adventures and everyday health tracking.
  45. The Samsung Galaxy Watch Ultra stands out as a powerhouse in the smartwatch arena, featuring a vivid Super AMOLED screen that delivers sharp visuals, a versatile rotating bezel for intuitive navigation, and the advanced BioActive Sensor that monitors key health metrics with precision. Designed for connectivity and wellness, it supports LTE, enabling calls and data without a phone, while offering sleep tracking to optimize rest. With up to 48 hours of battery life, this watch balances performance and endurance, making it a strong contender for those seeking both style and substance in a wearable.
  46. The TAG Heuer Connected Calibre E4 fuses the prestige of Swiss watchmaking with modern digital innovation, offering a refined design that houses smart features such as GPS navigation, heart rate monitoring, and customizable OLED faces that let the wearer tailor the look to any occasion. This model embodies the brand's luxury heritage while embracing the versatility of connected technology, making it as much a statement of style as it is a tool for performance and personalization.
  47. The Garmin MARQ is engineered as the ultimate adventurer's companion, combining a rugged titanium casing with advanced multi-sport tracking that covers everything from running and cycling to swimming and climbing. Its integrated Pulse Ox sensor provides vital insights into blood oxygen levels, supporting performance at altitude and overall wellness monitoring. With an impressive 12-day battery life, the MARQ balances endurance with precision, making it a tool designed not just for exploration but for pushing limits in style and reliability.
  48. As of 2024 and 2025, Brikk continues to offer ultra-luxury Apple Watch customizations through its Lux Watch 4 collection, featuring seven distinct editions crafted from 18-karat yellow, rose, or white gold, as well as titanium, carbon, and ceramic. The Classic models start at $28,995 with alligator straps and 18K deployment clasps, while the Deluxe editions—adorned with two rows of emerald or baguette-cut diamonds—range from $43,995 to $73,995 depending on the bracelet style. The pinnacle remains the Omni collection, fully encrusted with emerald, baguette, or square-step cut diamonds, priced between $68,995 and a staggering $228,9952. These watches retain full Apple Watch functionality and are assembled with meticulous craftsmanship, including hand-selected conflict-free diamonds and multi-layered metal plating
  49. In 2015, luxury brand Brikk released the Lux Watch collection, customizing Apple Watches with 24-karat yellow gold, 18-karat pink gold, and 950 platinum, priced from $7,495 all the way up to $74,9952. These watches featured varying levels of diamond embellishment, with the top-tier Omni edition boasting over 12 carats of diamonds. Brikk's designs transformed the Apple Watch into a high-end fashion statement, targeting elite clientele with bespoke craftsmanship and opulent materials.
  50. The Hamilton Watch Company made history in 1957 with the Ventura, the first battery-powered electric watch. Its avant-garde design reflected the innovation inside, and Elvis Presley famously sported one in Blue Hawaii, giving it instant pop culture cred. This breakthrough kicked off a wave of technological progress in horology, paving the way for quartz precision and eventually today's feature-packed smartwatches. From water clocks of the past to watches powered by body heat, the journey of timekeeping has been as inventive as it is fascinating.
  51. The Elgin National Watch Company and the Hamilton Watch Company pioneered the first electric watch in 1950s. The first quartz watch to enter production was the Seiko 35 SQ Astron, which hit the shelves on 25 December 1969. The first wristwatch was invented by Louis Cartier in 1907.
  52. In 1814, Sir Francis Ronalds of London invented the first electric clock; it was powered with dry piles, a high voltage battery with extremely long life but the disadvantage of its electrical properties varying with the weather. In 1815, Giuseppe Zamboni of Verona invented and showed another electrostatic clock run with dry pile batteries and an oscillating orb. In 1840, Alexander Bain, a Scottish clock and instrument maker was the first to invent and patent a clock powered by electric current.
  53. In 1787, Levi Hutchins of Concord, New Hampshire (US), created what's recognized as the first American alarm clock, though it was a personal device that rang only at 4 AM to wake him for work—it wasn't adjustable and never intended for public use. It wasn't until 1847 that French inventor Antoine Redier patented the first adjustable mechanical alarm clock, revolutionizing the concept by allowing users to set their own wake-up time. Redier's innovation marked a significant milestone in timekeeping, paving the way for modern alarm clocks as we know them today.
  54. Casio's G-Shock models have earned a reputation for near-indestructibility, with one famous test demonstrating that the watch kept working perfectly after being dropped from a fourth-story window. This toughness stems from their unique construction, which includes a shock-absorbing floating module encased in protective urethane, a reinforced case that shields internal components, water resistance up to 200 meters, and resilience against vibration, temperature extremes, and electrostatic discharge. G-Shocks have even survived being run over, hammered, and hurled from balconies, making them a trusted choice for those who need their watches to withstand serious punishment.
  55. Apple consistently sets the time to 10:09 in its promotional images of the Apple Watch as a subtle, strategic design choice that pays homage to the traditional 10:10 setting used in analog watch advertising. This slightly earlier time maintains the aesthetically pleasing "smile" created by the positioning of the hands while offering near-perfect symmetry and unobstructed visibility of the Apple logo. The decision also symbolizes Apple's ethos of being ahead of the curve—just a minute ahead of convention—reflecting their attention to detail and forward-thinking brand philosophy.
  56. Setting clocks and watches to 10:10 is a deliberate and time-honored marketing strategy that dates back to the 1930s or 1940s. This position creates a symmetrical, visually pleasing layout that frames the brand logo—typically placed just below the 12 o'clock mark—without obscuring it. It also ensures the hands don't overlap, allowing their design to be fully appreciated, and gives the watch face a "smiling" appearance, which subtly evokes positive emotions in potential buyers1. While myths abound about historical events tied to 10:10, the real reason is all about aesthetics and psychology.
  57. The global watch industry produces around 1.2 billion watches each year, a testament to how timekeeping permeates daily life. While mechanical watches—known for their intricate craftsmanship—remain popular, especially in luxury segments, they do not account for 77% of the total market by volume. That figure likely reflects consumer preference or market share by value in specific niches, as quartz and digital watches dominate the more affordable and mass-produced categories. So, although mechanical timepieces hold a revered place in horology, quartz watches lead in sheer numbers worldwide.
  58. The very first mechanical alarm clock, invented by Levi Hutchins in 1787, was designed with a single purpose: to wake him up at 4 a.m.—and that was the only time it could ring. It wasn't until nearly a century later, in 1876, that a wind-up alarm clock was developed with adjustable settings, allowing people to choose their wake-up time. Hutchins' invention may have been rigid, but it laid the groundwork for the customizable alarms that now shape daily routines around the world.
  59. Switzerland's atomic clock is nothing short of a technological marvel. By measuring the oscillations of atoms—typically cesium or rubidium—it maintains time with astonishing precision. The accuracy is so refined that it wouldn't be off by more than a single second even after 30 million years, which is mind-bending when you think about how much the Earth could change in that time. These clocks form the backbone of global timekeeping systems and even help calibrate GPS and scientific experiments where split-second timing matters.
  60. Rolex revolutionized wristwatch design with two major innovations that shaped modern horology. In 1945, they introduced the Datejust, the first self-winding chronometer wristwatch to display the date on the dial—a practical feature that's now standard across many timepieces. Then in 1954, they unveiled the GMT-Master, crafted in partnership with Pan Am pilots, which enabled wearers to track two different time zones simultaneously using a 24-hour hand and a rotatable bezel. These iconic developments blended style, precision, and utility, cementing Rolex's status as a pioneer in functional luxury.
  61. The Rolex Submariner, first unveiled in 1954 at the Basel Watch Fair, was designed as a rugged tool for professional divers—not a luxury accessory. Engineered for underwater exploration, it featured exceptional water resistance, legibility in low-light conditions, and a rotating bezel to track dive time. Over the decades, its robust build and timeless design have made it a versatile choice for both men and women, transcending fashion trends and age groups. Though it began as a utilitarian instrument, the Submariner's reputation for durability and style eventually elevated it to icon status in the luxury watch world.
  62. The first self-winding Rolex wristwatch hit the market in 1931, powered by a groundbreaking internal mechanism known as the Perpetual rotor that harnessed the movement of the wearer's arm to maintain its charge. This innovation set a new benchmark for reliability and convenience in timekeeping. However, the concept wasn't entirely new—British watchmaker John Harwood had already patented a self-winding design in 1923, securing a Swiss patent a year later and debuting his watches through Fortis and Blancpain at the 1926 Basel Fair. Harwood's inventive approach even eliminated the winding crown, replacing it with a rotating bezel to improve resistance to water and dust. His early efforts laid the foundation for Rolex's refinement and global popularization of the automatic wristwatch.
  63. Watchmakers often refrain from claiming their timepieces are 100 percent waterproof because guaranteeing total impermeability is nearly impossible due to the intricate components and variables involved. Instead, they use the term "water-resistant," acknowledging that factors like aging seals, exposure to chemicals, temperature fluctuations, and dynamic water pressure can compromise a watch's integrity over time. Legal standards like ISO 22810 even prohibit the term "waterproof," reinforcing the idea that no watch can withstand every possible aquatic scenario. Even the most robust dive watches require regular maintenance to preserve their resistance, making it essential for users to understand and respect their watch's limits.
  64. Some of the world's most expensive watches showcase jaw-dropping craftsmanship and astronomical price tags. Leading the list is the Chopard 201-Carat Watch, valued at $25,000,000, featuring a jaw-dropping 874 diamonds totaling 201 carats. The Patek Philippe Henry Graves Supercomplication, a legendary pocket watch with 24 complications, sold for $11,000,000 in 1999 and later broke records at $24,000,000 in a 2014 auction. The Louis Moinet Meteoris Watch stands out at $4,600,000, incorporating meteorite fragments from Mars and the Moon. Next is the Piaget Emperador Temple, estimated at $3,300,000, with its dazzling double-case design covered in hundreds of diamonds. Finally, the Franck Muller Aeternitas Mega 4, priced around $2,400,000, boasts an extraordinary 36 complications and nearly 1,500 components, making it one of the most intricate mechanical wristwatches ever built.
  65. The world's most outrageously expensive watches—each a marvel of craftsmanship, complexity, and unapologetic luxury:
    • From the celestial Patek Philippe Sky Moon Tourbillon Ref. 5002 P, which fetched $1.49 million and features a double-faced dial with 12 complications, to the Vacheron Constantin Tour de l'Ile, a $1.4 million horological symphony with 16 complications and only seven pieces ever made.
    • The Hublot Black Caviar Bang, priced at $1 million, dazzles with 531 black diamonds and a moody white gold case, while the Louis Moinet Magistralis at $868,000 stuns with actual lunar meteorite fragments embedded in its design.
    • The Blancpain 1735 Grande Complication, worth $800,000, is a platinum-cased masterpiece with 740 handmade components, including a tourbillon, minute repeater, and perpetual calendar.
    • The Breguet 1907BA/12 pocket watch, valued at $734,000, combines 18k gold with a tourbillon and grand strike complication.
    • Audemars Piguet's Grande Complication, priced around $526,000, blends a minute repeater, perpetual calendar, and split-seconds chronograph in a radiant yellow gold case.
    • There's the Ulysse Nardin Genghis Khan, a $490,000 platinum-cased marvel featuring animated Mongol warriors and a Westminster chime minute repeater.
    • The Parmigiani Fleurier Toric Westminster, at $334,000, offers a rare combination of tourbillon and minute repeater with cathedral gongs.
    • The Girard-Perregaux Opera Three, priced at $316,000, plays actual music on demand using miniature carillons.
    • The IWC Grande Complication Ref. IW927016, at $230,000, packs a perpetual calendar, moonphase, and minute repeater into a platinum case.
    • The A. Lange & Söhne Datograph Perpetual, a $152,000 icon of German watchmaking, merges a flyback chronograph with a perpetual calendar and moonphase.
  66. The world's most expensive designer watches for men:
    • Greubel Forsey Invention Piece 2 Quadruple Tourbillon: This masterpiece is priced around $750,000.
    • Romain Jerome Titanic DNA Tourbillon: Limited to just 9 pieces, this watch retailed for $319,0004.
    • Roger Dubuis Millesime Double Flying Tourbillon: This limited edition of 88 pieces was priced at $263,0007.
    • Zenith Christopher Columbus: Accurate — This rare model is valued at $230,000, featuring a gyroscopic escapement and bubble crystal
    • Piaget Altaplano Caliber 1200D: This ultra-thin, diamond-studded watch is priced at $151,99510.
    • Cartier Rotonde de Cartier Astrotourbillon: The pink gold version is listed at $116,195.
    • Hublot Big Bang Ferrari King Gold: This limited edition model is priced at $43,60013.
    • Audemars Piguet Royal Oak Offshore Rubber Clad: The rose gold version with rubber accents is valued around $36,63015.
    • Rolex GMT Master II: Depending on the reference and materials, prices range from $13,000 to over $33,000, with some customized or rare editions exceeding that
    • Bvlgari Diagono Chronograph: This sporty luxury chronograph is priced around $16,900, especially for gold or limited variants.
  67. The Vacheron Constantin Tour de l'Ile is a horological masterpiece that commands a jaw-dropping price of $1.5 million, making it one of the most expensive watches ever created. Released in 2005 to commemorate the brand's 250th anniversary, this timepiece was hailed as the most complicated wristwatch in the world at the time. Crafted in 18-karat gold and featuring a blue sapphire non-reflective glass, it boasts an extraordinary array of functions including a tourbillon, minute repeater, perpetual calendar, sidereal time, sunrise and sunset indicators, and even a miniature star chart on the reverse side. With only seven pieces ever made, it's not just a watch—it's a celestial symphony wrapped around your wrist.
  68. The Apple Watch offers a wide range of features beyond telling time, including sending and receiving text messages, tracking fitness and health metrics like heart rate and activity rings, making secure wireless payments via Apple Pay, and providing turn-by-turn directions using GPS and a built-in compass. When navigating, the watch uses haptic feedback to gently tap or squeeze your wrist to indicate which direction to turn—ideal for hands-free guidance while walking or cycling. Newer models like the Series 8, SE (2nd Gen), and Ultra also include advanced safety functions such as fall and crash detection; if a hard fall or severe impact is sensed, the watch alerts you and can automatically call emergency services and notify your contacts with your location if you don't respond.
  69. The Ringly smart ring, which debuted in June 2014, was a fashion-forward wearable that combined technology with style, allowing users to receive customizable notifications for calls, texts, emails, and app alerts through vibrations and glowing LED lights. Built with 18K matte gold plating and semi-precious gemstones, Ringly focused on discreet alerts rather than health tracking. In contrast, modern smart rings like the Oura Ring 4 (2025) and RingConn Gen 2 (2025) emphasize wellness and biometric monitoring. The Oura Ring tracks heart rate, HRV, temperature, SpO₂, and sleep stages, with a battery life of up to 8 days and requires a $6/month subscription, while RingConn offers similar health insights plus sleep apnea detection, up to 12-day battery life with a 150-day charging case, and no subscription fee. Both are crafted from sleek titanium and priced between $299 and $499, whereas Ringly launched at around $195–$250. Although Ringly led early innovation in stylish smart jewelry, today's rings have shifted toward holistic health tracking, making options like Oura and RingConn more suitable for wellness-focused users.
  70. The U.S. has produced some truly unconventional watches that showcase bold design and mechanical creativity. Devon Works stunned the industry with its Tread series, which uses time belts powered by microstep motors and microprocessors to display hours and minutes—like wearable sci-fi dashboards. Brew Watches takes inspiration from espresso machines, crafting dials and textures that pay tribute to café culture. The Gruen Curvex, introduced in the 1930s, was revolutionary for its curved mechanical movement that perfectly fit curved cases. Bulova's Accutron Railroad model featured a tuning fork movement and electronic precision, earning railroad approval before the quartz era. Hamilton's Rutledge Platinum stood out with a luxurious Art Deco design, Gothic hands, and stylized numerals in a platinum case. And Oak & Oscar added heart to horology with watches inspired by bourbon barrels and the founder's rescue dog, blending classic aesthetics with emotional storytelling. These timepieces reflect America's spirit of innovation—quirky, ambitious, and unapologetically creative.
  71. Devon Works is a California-based horological innovator founded in 2008 by Scott Devon, known for pushing boundaries with its futuristic timepieces that blend aerospace engineering, industrial design, and cutting-edge mechanics. Rather than traditional hands, models like the Tread 1 and Tread 2 use interwoven time belts powered by microstep motors and governed by microprocessors, offering a sci-fi dashboard aesthetic. These watches are fully made in the U.S., often with components sourced from aerospace suppliers, and produced in limited quantities to ensure exclusivity. The Tread 1, a groundbreaking debut, was even nominated for the Grand Prix d'Horlogerie de Genève in 2010—an unprecedented feat for an American brand. Devon's watch lab in Pasadena operates more like a tech facility than a traditional workshop, reflecting its identity as a tech company first and watchmaker second. Their creations have appeared in pop culture, worn by celebrities like Robert Downey Jr. and David Tennant, and featured in series such as Good Omens and Avengers: Endgame. Devon's timepieces aren't just instruments—they're kinetic sculptures that redefine what it means to tell time.
  72. Brew Watch Co., founded in 2015 by industrial designer Jonathan Ferrer in New York, is a microbrand that draws inspiration from the tactile beauty and comforting ritual of coffee culture. Its timepieces feature design elements reminiscent of espresso machines—such as brushed metal textures, vented aesthetics, and warm tones—with many models including a 35-second timing marker ideal for pulling a perfect espresso shot. Notable collections like the HP1, Retrograph, Metric, and Mastergraph pair playful vintage styling with modern functionality, using CNC-machined stainless steel cases and mecha-quartz movements assembled in the U.S. With limited runs of about 400–500 units per model, Brew emphasizes exclusivity and hands-on craftsmanship. Ferrer remains deeply involved in every aspect, from design to customer engagement, and the brand is growing organically within enthusiast communities. Brew's watches aren't just instruments—they're wearable stories that celebrate slowing down and savoring the moment.
  73. The Gruen Curvex, introduced in 1935, was a groundbreaking American wristwatch renowned for its curved case and movement, engineered to contour naturally to the wrist while allowing for larger and more precise mechanisms. Unlike other brands that placed flat movements in curved cases, Gruen designed actual curved calibers—such as the 311, 330, 440, and 370—to fit seamlessly within the case's curvature, enhancing both comfort and accuracy. With over 200 styles ranging from ornate gold-filled versions to sleek Art Deco designs, including unique models like the Ristside meant to be worn on the side of the wrist, the Curvex was as much about style as innovation. Gruen developed these movements in the U.S. while sourcing components from Swiss makers like Aegler, a supplier to Rolex, and even contributed to the war effort by producing military instruments during WWII. Discontinued by the mid-1950s, vintage Curvex watches—especially those in solid gold with original dials—remain prized collectibles that reflect American ingenuity and elegance.
  74. Bulova, founded in 1875 by Joseph Bulova in New York City, is a pillar of American watchmaking known for pioneering mass production, launching the world's first radio and TV ads, and innovating with the Accutron—the first fully electronic watch using a tuning fork movement for remarkable accuracy. The brand's influence extended into space when a Bulova chronograph was worn on the Moon during Apollo 15, and continued with the Precisionist movement introduced in 2010, offering ultra-high-frequency quartz performance. Bulova's diverse collections blend heritage and modernity, including Art Deco classics, curved chronographs like the Curv, Swiss-made mechanicals in the Joseph Bulova Collection, and retro tributes in the Frank Sinatra series. Though now owned by Citizen, Bulova maintains its American spirit through U.S.-based design and engineering, while utilizing global manufacturing partners for various product tiers. From historical milestones to daring design, Bulova's story reflects more than timekeeping—it's a chronicle of innovation and cultural impact.
  75. Hamilton, founded in 1892 in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, began as the "Watch of Railroad Accuracy," producing reliable pocket watches for train schedules before becoming a critical supplier of military timepieces during World Wars I and II, including marine chronometers for naval navigation. In 1957, it introduced the Ventura—the world's first electric watch—with a futuristic design worn by Elvis Presley, followed by the Pulsar, the first digital LED watch, unveiled on The Tonight Show in 1970. Though manufacturing moved to Switzerland in 1969 and the brand joined the Swatch Group, Hamilton continues to blend American design heritage with Swiss precision in collections like Khaki Field, Jazzmaster, and Ventura. Its cinematic legacy includes custom watches featured in over 500 films, notably Interstellar, Tenet, and Oppenheimer, reinforcing its iconic status in both horology and Hollywood.
  76. Oak & Oscar, founded in 2015 by Chase Fancher in Chicago, is a proudly independent American watch brand that combines Swiss-powered mechanics with a deeply personal and community-driven ethos. Named after bourbon barrels ("Oak") and Fancher's dog ("Oscar"), the brand infuses warmth and storytelling into limited-run watches like the Burnham, Sandford GMT, Jackson Chronograph, Olmsted Field Watch, and Humboldt GMT—all named after figures or locales tied to exploration and urban planning. These timepieces are known for sandwich dials, slashed sevens, thoughtful color palettes, and small-batch experimentation, with assembly and quality control done in-house. Oak & Oscar emphasizes connection by hosting gatherings, spotlighting customer stories, and staying transparent about its supply chain—living up to its motto, "Make No Little Plans," and reflecting a design philosophy rooted in character, craftsmanship, and purpose.
  77. Founded in 1864 in Elgin, Illinois, the Elgin National Watch Company was established to rival Waltham and quickly rose to prominence as a powerhouse of American horology. It revolutionized watchmaking by pioneering mass production, interchangeable parts, and building the world's largest watch factory of its time. Elgin produced millions of reliable pocket watches and even operated its own observatory to refine timekeeping accuracy. By the early 20th century, its watches were emblematic of American craftsmanship, worn by railroad workers, soldiers, and everyday citizens. However, Elgin's dominance waned amid industry upheavals—the Quartz Crisis of the 1970s, the rise of Japanese brands like Seiko, and increasing competition from Swiss luxury manufacturers. Struggling to adapt, Elgin halted watch production in 1968 and briefly shifted toward electronics before disappearing from the market. Today, its vintage timepieces are treasured by collectors for their historical value and timeless elegance.
  78. American horology began in the late 1600s with immigrant clockmakers crafting lantern-style timepieces, but it wasn't until the mid-19th century that the U.S. revolutionized watchmaking through mass production. Companies like Waltham Watch Company and Elgin National Watch Company pioneered interchangeable parts and assembly-line techniques, making high-quality watches affordable and widely available. This industrial edge briefly challenged Swiss dominance, especially after the 1876 Centennial Exposition, where American manufacturing stunned European observers. However, after World War I, the shift to wristwatches and economic downturns led to the decline of many U.S. brands. Still, icons like Bulova and Hamilton adapted, with Bulova introducing the world's first electronic watch in 1960. In recent decades, a renaissance has emerged with brands like RGM, Shinola, and Devon, blending modern design with American heritage and craftsmanship. From colonial lantern clocks to futuristic belt-driven timepieces, the U.S. watch and clock industry reflects the nation's spirit of ingenuity and reinvention.
  79. South Korea and Hong Kong have emerged as vibrant watchmaking hubs by combining affordability, innovative design, and manufacturing expertise. South Korean brands such as Romanson, Tisell, and Harriot offer a range of stylish timepieces from minimalist dress watches to aviation-inspired models, with a growing emphasis on cultural storytelling and artisanal craftsmanship from independents like Minhoon Yoo. Meanwhile, Hong Kong has long been a global manufacturing powerhouse, especially in OEM and ODM production, supporting international fashion and luxury brands with firms like John Kaiser Time and Perfect Products Co. Ltd. Both regions continue to redefine accessible watchmaking by delivering high-quality timepieces with distinctive flair and reliable components.
  80. Japan's watchmaking revolution gained global momentum in 1969 when Seiko unveiled the Quartz Astron 35SQ, the world's first quartz wristwatch. This groundbreaking timepiece offered unprecedented accuracy—±5 seconds per month—far surpassing mechanical watches of the era. Its release marked the beginning of the Quartz Revolution, a seismic shift that democratized precision timekeeping and disrupted the Swiss-dominated industry.
  81. Chinese watch brands like Atelier Wen and CIGA Design have gained international acclaim by blending traditional Chinese aesthetics with modern engineering and design innovation. Atelier Wen showcases cultural depth with artisanal techniques such as handcrafted porcelain and guilloché dials, drawing inspiration from architecture and symbolism found in Chinese heritage, while incorporating proprietary mechanical movements. Meanwhile, CIGA Design embraces avant-garde minimalism and creativity, with skeletonized movements and striking case shapes; their award-winning Blue Planet watch, which won the GPHG Challenge Prize in 2021, reflects a strong environmental theme and bold visual storytelling. Together, these brands are elevating the reputation of Chinese horology by proving that craftsmanship, culture, and contemporary design can thrive on the global stage.
  82. Chinese independent watchmakers like Kiu Tai Yu and Tan Zehua have redefined horological craftsmanship through innovative engineering and cultural artistry. Kiu Tai Yu, dubbed "Mr. Tourbillon," crafted Asia's first tourbillon wristwatch in 1990 and became the first Asian member of the AHCI, gaining recognition for his Mystery Tourbillon with floating escapement and celestial designs rooted in Chinese heritage. Tan Zehua, also an AHCI member, builds his watches—including movements and tools—entirely by hand, exemplified by his Work No. 1 featuring a massive 16mm balance wheel and a sub-dial for traditional Chinese hours. His patented Di-Axial escapement improves efficiency and rivals Swiss mechanisms in innovation and complexity. Together, these artisans elevate China's watchmaking legacy, showcasing its ability to rival Swiss haute horology through precision, creativity, and independent spirit.
    • Tan Zehua, also an AHCI member, is known for crafting his own movements and tools entirely by hand. His watches often feature long power reserves, patent-pending escapements like the Di-Axial, and dials that incorporate traditional Chinese timekeeping elements. His "Work No. 1" movement, for example, includes a massive 16mm balance wheel and a sub-dial for Chinese hours5, while later models showcase advanced finishing techniques and mechanical innovations.
    • Kiu Tai Yu, often called "Mr. Tourbillon", was the first Chinese watchmaker to build a tourbillon wristwatch in 1990 and later became the first Asian member of the prestigious AHCI (Académie Horlogère des Créateurs Indépendants). His creations, such as the Mystery Tourbillon, feature innovative escapement designs and dials inspired by Chinese culture, including celestial maps and dragon motifs1. Each piece is handcrafted and unique, with only about two dozen tourbillons produced over his career.
  83. China's modern watch industry took root in 1955, when four skilled craftsmen in Tianjin successfully built the country's first wristwatch with a lever escapement, marking a pivotal moment in Chinese horology. This prototype, known as the WuXing (Five Stars) watch, was handcrafted using basic tools and laid the foundation for industrial-scale watchmaking. Soon after, the Tianjin Watch Factory was established, later evolving into Tianjin Seagull, which would become one of the world's largest producers of mechanical movements. Around the same time, the Shanghai Watch Factory emerged as another major player, producing high-quality watches and pioneering domestic movement designs. These two factories—often referred to as part of China's "Big Three" along with Beijing—helped transform the nation from a watch-repairing culture into a global manufacturing force.
  84. India's contribution to timekeeping and astronomy is beautifully exemplified by the Jantar Mantar observatories, built in the 18th century by Maharaja Jai Singh II. These monumental structures—located in cities like Jaipur, Delhi, Ujjain, Varanasi, and Mathura—feature massive stone instruments designed to measure solar time, track celestial bodies, and predict astronomical events. The most famous, in Jaipur, houses the world's largest stone sundial, the Vrihat Samrat Yantra, which can measure time with an accuracy of just two seconds. These observatories blend architectural brilliance with scientific precision, showcasing India's deep-rooted legacy in astronomical innovation.
  85. Japan's use of incense clocks is a fascinating blend of practicality and ritual. While incense clocks originated in China or India, they spread to Japan by the 8th century, if not earlier. These timepieces measured time through the controlled burning of incense sticks or powdered trails, which had calibrated burn rates. In temples, they marked intervals for prayers and ceremonies, while in homes they served both as timekeepers and as sources of fragrance and ambiance. Some clocks even used different scents to signal the passage of time, and in certain traditions—like with geishas—the number of incense sticks burned could determine the length of a visit. Their elegant simplicity and sensory appeal made them a cherished part of Japanese daily and spiritual life.
  86. China's legacy in timekeeping traces back to the Han Dynasty (1st century), where early water clocks used calibrated vessels to measure time through controlled water flow—vital for officials managing schedules and correspondence. This ingenuity reached its peak in the 11th century with Su Song's Astronomical Clock Tower, a towering 30-meter marvel that blended hydrodynamics with astronomical observation. Powered by a water-driven escapement mechanism, the tower featured a celestial globe, a mechanical armillary sphere for tracking planetary motion, and clock jacks that rang bells and displayed time visually. It was a remarkable fusion of science, engineering, and artistry—centuries ahead of its time.
  87. The Art of Time comes alive in Sinziana Iordache's graphite drawings, where the intricate beauty of mechanical watchmaking is transformed into mesmerizing works of art. Each piece captures the delicate gears, bridges, and escapements with remarkable precision, turning the hidden mechanics of horology into visual poetry. By layering graphite tones and textures, Iordache reveals the magic of movement and craftsmanship, celebrating not just the function of timepieces but their soul — the artistry that lies within the ticking heart of a watch.
  88. Sinziana Iordache's graphite drawings elevate horology into fine art, capturing the intricate soul of watchmaking with hyperrealistic precision; from the delicate gears and escapements of masterpieces like A. Lange & Söhne's Double Split to the ornate craftsmanship of Vacheron Constantin's Métiers d'Art, her work transforms mechanical brilliance into visual storytelling. This movement resonates across the luxury world, where collaborations such as Franck Muller with Hom Nguyen, Bvlgari with Wang Yan Cheng, and Jacob & Co. with Alec Monopoly have produced limited-edition creations that merge artistic vision with technical mastery. By blending graphite realism, Swiss innovation, and contemporary artistry, these works redefine timepieces as cultural artifacts, valued not only for mechanical ingenuity but also for their aesthetic and historical resonance.
  89. Recent watch publications highlight both technical milestones and cultural icons, with one volume cataloging over 100 quartz timepieces that trace the seismic shift in horology from the 1970s to today, while another explores Taylor Swift's luxury watch collection, featuring standout pieces such as a Rolex gifted by Travis Kelce, a diamond-encrusted Cartier, a Louis Vuitton Tambour, and even a $19,000 Cartier Santos Demoiselle quartz watch worn during her engagement announcement; together these books showcase how precision engineering and celebrity provenance intertwine, transforming timepieces into artifacts of innovation, glamour, and cultural storytelling.
  90. "Man of the Hour" is an eight-part documentary airing on Discovery that shines a rare spotlight on the personalities behind modern horology. The series blends glamour and grit, with episodes that include throwing a party for François‑Paul Journe, one of the most revered independent watchmakers, and even boxing with Rexhep Rexhepi, the young prodigy whose brand Akrivia has captivated collectors worldwide. By mixing intimate moments with unexpected settings, the documentary captures the artistry, eccentricity, and human stories that drive the world of fine watchmaking, turning technical mastery into compelling entertainment.
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▷ Jewelry: News, Info & Facts
  1. Jewelry 101
  2. Jewelry Metals 101: Gold, Silver, and Platinum
  3. Jewelry Facts and Fiction
  4. Jewelry Making for Beginners
  5. Jewelry Market Size, Share, Analysis Industry Report
  6. Jewel Theft Stuns French Riviera for Its Simplicity
  7. Inside the Jewelry Collections of the Rich and Famous.
  8. Global Jewelry Market - Statistics & Facts.
  9. Pearl Fashion Through the Ages
  10. A Multifaceted Future: The Jewelry Industry
  11. Refractive Gemstone Index
  12. Introduction to Gemology | Gemsociety
  13. Introduction to Gemology
  14. The Rarer Gems.
  15. Gems and Precious Stones.
  16. Gem and Mineral Information
  17. Gemology: An Overview
  18. Gemstone Information A-Z
  19. Gemstone List from A to Z
  20. Gemstone Information | Rarestone
  21. Gemstone: Value Market Prices
  22. Gemstone Information
  23. Gemstones Discovery
  24. Gemstone Mining in the United States
  25. Gemstone Identification and Grading
  26. Gemstone Identification
  27. Gemstones, Collector Stones, and Minerals
  28. Gemstone Jewelry Gallery
  29. More Fake Crystals to Watch Out for!
  30. Smithsonian GeoGallery
  31. Africa Gems
  32. Rare Gems
  33. The California Blue Mine
  34. The Study of Gemology and Gemology Tools
  35. Magnetic Susceptibility for Gemstone Discrimination
  36. Magnetic Susceptibility, a Better Approach to Defining Garnets
  37. Yellow Mn-Rich Tourmaline from the Canary Mining Area Zambia
  38. Birthstones: Chart and Photos
  39. Garnet Value, Price, and Jewelry Information
  40. Garnet Stone - An Overview of Garnet Species, Colors, Meanings, and Uses
  41. Garnet Meaning - Healing Properties & Everyday Uses
  42. Garnet Meanings and Uses
  43. The Characteristics of Platinum, Gold and Silver
  44. The Keys to the Gold Vaults at the New York Fed: Part 1 - 2 - 3
  45. Spanish Gold Ingots
  46. Investing in Gold Jewelry: Advantages and Disadvantages.
  47. Meaning of Precious Metal Stamps & Hallmarks
  48. An Economic Review of the Past Decade in Diamonds.
  49. The Global Diamond Industry
  50. A Multifaceted Future: The Jewelry Industry | McKinsey.
  51. A 103-Carat 'Light Of Africa' D-Flawless Diamond Could Fetch $18 Million
  52. Machining Precious Metals
  53. Mining for Precious Metals Explained: Gold, Silver, Platinum and Palladium
  54. Cullinan Diamond
  55. Profiling the Top Five Largest Diamonds in the World
  56. List of Countries with Highest Gold Reserves
  57. Yesterday's Gold News.
  58. Uses of Gold in Industry, Medicine, Computers, Electronics, Jewelry
  59. The Gold Standard
  60. The Gold Rush of 1849.
  61. Gold, Silver, Platinum - Precious Metals Facts and Information
  62. Gold Prices - Gold News - Gold Markets - Gold Market Analysis
  63. Gold Price Tracking 100 Years: Comparing Gold and the Dollar
  64. Gold Market Analysis & Gold Investment Research
  65. Gold - Facts, Properties, & Uses
  66. Gold Facts and Gold Speculations.
  67. Gold, Platinum, Silver and Their Prices over the Years
  68. Gold and Gold Investments
  69. Gold and Silver Stocks: Dare to Dream.
  70. Gold and Silver – Chart Facts Are Market's Message.
  71. Gold and Silver.
  72. Gold and Diamonds in the Central African Republic.
  73. Gold Holds Higher Value than Diamonds
  74. Gold Investing Sentiment Hits 4.5-Year Low.
  75. Gold ETF Becomes the Largest ETF in the World.
  76. Platinum - Color, Symbol, Uses, & Facts
  77. Platinum in South Africa
  78. Platinum - An Overview
  79. Platinum Price Today
  80. Platinum vs. White Gold vs. Yellow Gold vs. Rose Gold
  81. Platinum vs. Silver: Same Color, Very Different Metals.
  82. Platinum and Palladium: More Precious than Silver and Gold.
  83. Platinum, Gold and Other Precious Metals
  84. Platinum, Gold and Sterling Silver Information
  85. Choosing Between Gold & Platinum
  86. Advantages and Disadvantages of Platinum.
  87. Is Silver a Better Investment than Gold?
  88. Invest in Gold or Platinum?
  89. Basic Facts About Diamonds. | Goldandgems.
  90. Basic Facts About Diamond
  91. The Basics of Jewelry.
  92. One of the Largest Diamonds in the World Discovered
  93. Dazzling Desire: The Most Expensive Diamonds in the World.
  94. A Look at Some of the World's Most Famous Diamonds.
  95. Diamonds: Natural, Imitation & Synthetic
  96. Diamond Jewelry - The Diamond Studies Course
  97. Diamond Ring Shopping 101
  98. Diamond Facts
  99. Diamond Fun Facts
  100. Diamond Jewelry - The Diamond Course.
  101. Diamond: Gemstone, Mineral, the Super Material
  102. Diamonds and Platinum: The Perfect Pairing for Your Engagement Ring.
  103. Diamond Jewelry Design Styles.
  104. Diamonds, Gold, and South Africa.
  105. The Diamond Industry Fact Sheet
  106. Fancy Blue Diamonds
  107. Massive Diamond Found in Lesotho
  108. Getting the Best Buy on Diamond Engagement Ring.
  109. List of Diamonds
  110. List of Largest Rough Diamonds
  111. A List of Precious Metals
  112. Colored Diamonds
  113. Blue Diamond
  114. Blue Diamonds Continue to Be Top & Consistent Performers
  115. The Rarest of the Rare Blue and Violet Diamond
  116. Natural Blue Diamonds: Price and Rarity.
  117. Red Diamonds: The Rarest Color of Diamond
  118. Yellow Diamonds: The Most Valuable and Beautiful Yellow Gems
  119. Key Gold and Silver Investment Facts.
  120. Precious Metals Chart - Value of Gold, Silver, & Platinum
  121. Precious Metals: Gold, Silver, Palladium, Platinum
  122. The Differences Between Gold and Platinum
  123. White Gold vs Platinum Jewellery
  124. White Gold vs. Platinum: Can You See the Difference?
  125. Palladium vs. Platinum & White Gold
  126. White Gold vs. Platinum vs. Palladium - A Very Unfair Fight
  127. Metals Used in Jewelry
  128. Uses of Gold in Industry, Medicine, Computers, Electronics
  129. Convincing Reasons Why Investing in Platinum is a Good Move
  130. Earthquakes Turn Water into Gold.
  131. Scientists Use Super-Strong Bacteria to Produce 24K Gold.
  132. "Real" Facts About Paul Krugman's Gold Prices.
  133. Amateur Treasure Hunter Finds Roman Gold Hoard.
  134. Vintage Jewelry.
  135. Articles about Gold Facts, Diamonds and other Jewelry.
  136. Precious Metals & Jewelry
  137. The Benefits of Platinum for Your Engagement Ring
  138. Do Wedding and Engagement Rings Have to Be the Same Metal Type as Your Engagement Ring?
  139. Engagement Ring Metal Types
  140. Engagement Ring.
  141. Engagement Ring Shopping 101.
  142. Engagement Rings 101: All the Basics to Know Before You Shop.
  143. Engagement Ring vs. Wedding Ring
  144. Engagement Rings vs. Wedding Rings vs. Wedding Bands
  145. Fascinating Engagement Ring Facts.
  146. Unknown Facts About Engagement Traditions from Past to Present
  147. The Pros and Cons of Choosing a Material for Your Engagement Ring.
  148. The Meaning of Diamond Wishbone Rings
  149. The Value of Gold in 2026 by Karat
  150. Facts About Engagement Rings - Wedding Planning
  151. Strongest Metals for a Wedding Band
  152. Wedding Ring Traditions from All Around the World
  153. Q&A: Tradition of Wearing a Ring
  154. Do Men Wear Engagement Rings?
  155. Fascinating Facts About Jewelry
  156. Fascinating FAQ About April's Brilliant Diamond Birthstone.
  157. Interesting Facts About Gold and Diamonds
  158. Interesting Facts About Jewelry.
  159. Interesting Facts About Gemstones
  160. Fact or Myth About Jewelry
  161. Facts About Platinum
  162. Facts About Diamonds.
  163. Facts and Myths About Diamonds
  164. The Facts About Gold and Gold Jewelry.
  165. Farnese Blue Diamond Could Sell for up to £5m.
  166. Billionaire Buys 7-Year-old Daughter Blue Moon Diamond for Record $48m.
  167. Using a Homemade Jewelry Cleaner - Avoid These 3 (video).
  168. Cleaning Jewelry with Toothpaste. Don't Do It! (video).
  169. Buying the Perfect Engagement Ring.
  170. Antwerp Diamond Heist - The Jewelry Heist of the Century!
  171. Favorite Diamond Quotes.
  172. Finding the Perfect Wedding Ring.
  173. Rosewood and Bronze Re-Imagine Bell & Ross Icon.
  174. The Ocean Could Be the New Gold Rush
  175. CZ vs. Diamond for Engagement Ring
  176. The Magic of Jewels and Charms
  177. Pretty in Pink: Jewelry for Spring and Summer
  178. Raymond Weil's Bid to Move Upmarket Spawns Nabucco Cello Tourbillon
  179. The Knot - Wedding Postage Collection
  180. A 24-Karat Gold iPhone 6
  181. Graff Diamonds Unveils a $40 Million Diamond Convertible Watch
  182. The Trouble with Engagement Rings.
  183. Natural Diamond: World Production, by Country & Type
  184. Thief Gets Away With Estimated $50 Million in Jewelry at a French Riviera Hotel
  185. Queen of Diamonds: The Royal Gems all Cut from One Legendary Stone.
  186. Briolette Diamond Sells for $11M at Christie's.
  187. Christie's London Sale Achieves $13M.
  188. 'Princie Diamond' Expected to Fetch $30-$40M.
  189. 'Princie Diamond' Breaks Multiple Auction Records.
  190. 'Winston Legacy' Diamond Sets Auction Record
  191. Digging for Diversity in Diamond Rich Botswana
  192. Celebrate with the World's Most Expensive Diamond and Crystal Champagne Glasses
  193. The Largest Diamonds in the World | Family & Co. Jewelers
  194. The Largest Diamond in the World
  195. The Most Important Facts About White Gold Jewelry
  196. The Most Expensive Pieces of Jewellery in the World
  197. The Most Famous Diamonds in the World.
  198. The Most Expensive Diamond Necklaces - What Price Pendants?
  199. The Most Expensive Metal
  200. The Most Expensive Chain in the World
  201. The Most Expensive Jewelry in the World
  202. The Most Expensive Diamond: A Blue Vivid Sold in Hong Kong.
  203. The World's Most Expensive Watches and Investment-Worthy Timepieces
  204. The World's Most Expensive Diamond Sells for Record Price
  205. The World's Most Expensive Engagement Rings Starting from $27,995 to $1.3 Million.
  206. The World's Most Expensive Colored Diamonds.
  207. The World's Most Expensive Diamond Studded Cell Phone
  208. The World's Most Expensive Diamonds
  209. The World's Largest Diamonds.
  210. The World's Largest Diamond Found
  211. The World's Most Famous Diamonds
  212. The World's Biggest Diamonds (and Who Owns Them)
  213. The World's Most Valuable Jewelry
  214. Most Amazing Jewelry Auctions of All Time
  215. The 1861-S Coronet Twenty Dollar Double Eagle, Paquet Reverse
  216. The 1822 Capped Bust Gold $5 Half Eagle Capped Head - Facing Left - Large Diameter Coin Value Prices, Photos & Info
  217. Carat vs Karat.
  218. Karat vs Carat - Understand the Difference.
  219. Concerning Precious Stones and Jewels.
  220. In Search of the Precious Stone.
  221. Emeralds from Sandawana.
  222. Buried Treasure: The Story of San Diego County's Mining Industry.
  223. Avarice and Alienation: The Jewels of the Romanoffs.
  224. 3 Fun Facts About Wedding Rings.
  225. 4 Ways to Identify Platinum and Silver Jewelry.
  226. 4 Top Facts About Platinum.
  227. 4 Important Facts About Gold Investors Should Know
  228. 4 Essential Questions to Ask Before Buying Your Engagement Ring.
  229. 4 Myths about Cleaning Jewelry.
  230. 5 Top Largest Diamonds in the World
  231. 5 Largest Diamonds in the World
  232. 5 Most Precious Metals on Earth.
  233. 5 Most Expensive Metals and Where They Are Mined
  234. 5 C's of White Gold vs. Platinum
  235. 5 Ways to Store Accessories - Men's Jewelry Organization Ideas.
  236. 5 Simple Ways to Clean Jewelry.
  237. 5 Reasons Silver Glitters More Than Gold.
  238. 5 Reasons Collectors Love Vacheron Constantin.
  239. 5 Interesting Facts About Gold.
  240. 5 Fun Facts About Diamonds
  241. 5 of the Most Famous Diamonds in the World
  242. 6 Ways to Make Your Diamond Look Larger.
  243. 6 Reasons to Choose Platinum Rings You Never Thought of
  244. 7 Ways to Save Money on Engagement Rings and Jewelry
  245. 7 Essential Steps to Buy a Stunning Diamond.
  246. 8 Most Expensive Gold Objects in the World
  247. 7 Things You Need to Know About Selling Gold.
  248. 8 Most Expensive Types of Gold
  249. 8 Most Expensive Gold Objects in the World
  250. 8 Best Diamond Buyers.
  251. 9 Most Expensive Diamonds.
  252. 9 Most Expensive Pieces of Jewelry in the World
  253. 9 Fantastic Valentine's Day Gifts and Some Fun FAQ!
  254. 10 Rarest Watches in the World (Models & Prices)
  255. 10 Rarest and Most Valuable Gold Coins in the World
  256. 10 Interesting Facts About Engagement Rings
  257. 10 Fun Facts About Engagement Rings
  258. 10 Practical Uses for Gem Identification
  259. 10 Important Things You Need to Know to Find the Perfect Diamond.
  260. 10 Most Famous Diamonds in the World | Studiosoft
  261. 10 Most Famous Diamonds in the World
  262. 10 Most Expensive Diamonds in the World
  263. 10 Most Expensive Materials in the World
  264. 10 Most Expensive Pearls in the World
  265. 10 Most Expensive Minerals in the World
  266. 10 Most Expensive Watches in the World
  267. 10 Most Expensive Jewellery Pieces in the World
  268. 10 Top Expensive Jewelry Pieces in the World
  269. 10 Top Most Expensive Gold Coins & Affordable Alternatives
  270. 10 Top Most Expensive Gold Items of All Time
  271. 10 Top Most Expensive Crown Jewels in the World
  272. 10 Top Precious Metals in the World
  273. 10 Top Largest Diamonds in the World
  274. 10 Top Interesting Facts About Diamonds
  275. 10 Top of the Most Expensive Pieces of Jewelry in the World
  276. 11 Most Expensive Jewelry Auction Results in the Last 10 Years
  277. 11 Most Expensive Necklaces in ihe World's
  278. 11 Most Expensive Jewelry Brands in the World
  279. 11 Most Expensive Watches in the World
  280. 12 Best Places You Can Legally Find Gold in the United States
  281. 12 Most Expensive Rings in the World
  282. 12 Most Expensive Diamonds in the World
  283. 12 Year Old Unearths 5 Carat Brown Diamond at Arkansas Park.
  284. 13 Materials Used when Making Jewellery
  285. 15 Amazing Facts About Diamonds.
  286. 15 Top Different Types of Gold (Colors, Karats, Coatings)
  287. 15 Top Most Expensive Diamonds in the World
  288. 15 Fun Facts About Wedding Rings
  289. 15 Most Expensive Rings in the World
  290. 15 Best Jewelry Stores
  291. 15 Best Places to Buy Jewelry Online (e.g., Mejuri, Nordstrom, Baublebar)
  292. 15 of the Most Expensive Diamonds in the World
  293. 17 Best Celebrity Jewelry Images.
  294. 17 Facts About Jewelry You Probably Didn't Know.
  295. 18 of the Most Expensive Jewels in the World
  296. 19 Most Expensive Diamonds in the World
  297. 19 Crazy Facts About Engagement Rings
  298. 20 Top Most Expensive Jewelry in the World
  299. 20 Diamond Facts You Didn't Know
  300. 20 Fun Facts You Didn't Know About Engagement Rings
  301. 22 Most Famous & Most Expensive Diamonds in the World
  302. 23 Amazing Sites for Free Gemology Courses & Resources
  303. 24 Gemstones with Names, Pictures, and Colors
  304. 25 Top Most Expensive Jewelry in the World in 2026
  305. 25 Most Expensive Jewelry in the World in 2024
  306. 25 Different Types of Gemstones and Their Importance with Meaning
  307. 27 Greubel Forsey for Sale on James Edition
  308. 29 Precious Facts About Gemstones You Probably Didn't Know Before
  309. 29 Facts About Fine Jewelry Care
  310. 34 Interesting Facts About Diamonds
  311. 35 Most Valuable Gemstones, from Least to Most Expensive
  312. 36.5 Karats of Flame Cut Diamonds on a Vacheron Constantin
  313. 40 Most Expensive Jewels Ever Sold at Auction
  314. 51 Most Famous Diamonds of All Time.
  315. 75 Carat Briolette Diamond Necklace Sells for Record $11.1 Million.
  316. 100 Years to the Day Since the Gold Standard Died.
  317. 184 Best Celebrity Jewelry
  318. 887-Carat Marcial de Gomar Star Emerald Auction.
  319. 1000+ Images About Rare & Famous Diamonds
  320. 1300-Year-Old Islamic Gold Coin Sells for Record £3.72 Million at Auction
  321. $1.64 Million Pearl Necklace Highlights Christie's London Sale.
  322. $2 Million in Gems, Gold Stolen from California Museum
▷ Jewelry: History, Guides & Tips
  1. Jewels That Made History: 100 Stones, Myths, and Legends
  2. Jewels That Made History
  3. The Historical Periods of Jewelry Styles and Trends
  4. Ancient Roman Jewelry History & Facts
  5. Moonstone History and Lore
  6. A Historical Guide to the Gold-Silver Ratio
  7. Diamond History: From Ancient Times to Modern Days
  8. Diamond Price History 1960-2016
  9. Diamond History and Lore
  10. The Fascinating History of Platinum Jewellery
  11. A History of the World's Most Expensive Jewelry Pieces
  12. A Brief History of Diamonds
  13. A History of Jewelry
  14. A History of Vintage Jewelry.
  15. A History of Wedding Rings: The Handy Guide Before You Buy
  16. History Enthusiasts Back Creation of Gold Trail.
  17. History of Mayan Jewelry and Couture
  18. History of Legend Opal Gems
  19. History of the Wedding Ring
  20. History of the Wedding Ring | LoveToKnow
  21. History of Gold - Interesting Facts and Changes Over 50 Years
  22. The History of Silver & Gold
  23. The History of Diamonds in Jewelry
  24. The History of Engagement Rings | RD
  25. The History of Engagement Rings | Elle
  26. The History of Engagement Rings
  27. The History of Engagement and Wedding Rings
  28. The History of Wedding Rings
  29. The History of the Wedding Ring
  30. The History of the Diamond Engagement Ring: Facts & Myths
  31. The Surprising History of Engagement Rings
  32. The Complete History of Engagement Rings
  33. Engagement and Wedding Rings: History, Gemstones, Marriage, Vein of Love
  34. The Fascinating History of Jewelry
  35. Everything You Need to Know About the History of Gold
  36. Gold Prices - 100 Year Historical Chart
  37. Greek Jewelry History & Facts
  38. Garnet Meaning, Powers and History
  39. Early History of Jewelry: Ancient Times to the 17th Century ...
  40. Engagement Ring Meaning, Tradition & History
  41. Gemstone: Definition, History, Types, & Facts
  42. Classic Anniversary Gifts by Year: History of a Tradition | Time
  43. Guides for the Jewelry, Precious Metals, and Pewter Industries
  44. Guide to Gemstones - GIA Gem Encyclopedia
  45. Guide to Fancy Colorful Diamonds
  46. Guide to Metals
  47. Metals - Gold, Silver, Platinum, Palladium
  48. Teacher's Guide: Gold
  49. Simple Gold Hallmark Guide
  50. The Gold Guide
  51. Guide to Gold
  52. Guide to Silver
  53. Guide to Platinum
  54. Gold Storage Guide (Why, How, and Where)
  55. Investing 101: Beginner's Guides to Gold & Silver Investing
  56. A Beginner's Guide to Prospecting Gold for Fun
  57. A Complete Guide to Identifying Estate Jewelry: Maker's Marks, Period Styles, and More
  58. Guide to Colorful Gemstones
  59. Gems Buying Guide: Tanzanite - Tourmaline - Tsavorite.
  60. A Guide to Gold Jewelry: 14, 18, 22, or 24 Karat Gold ...
  61. Guide With All Information About Diamonds
  62. Guide to Jewelry Chain
  63. Guides for the Jewelry, Precious Metals ...
  64. Guide to Ethical and Conflict-Free Jewelry.
  65. Guide to Wear Your Engagement and Wedding Rings
  66. A Guy's (Unbiased) Engagement Ring Buying Guide
  67. Engagement Ring Shopping Guide.
  68. Engagement Ring Shopping Advice.
  69. Engagement Ring vs. Wedding Ring: A Complete Guide
  70. Engagement Ring Shopping 101: The Ultimate Guide.
  71. Metal (Gold, Platinum, Palladium, and Silver) Buyer's Guide
  72. Complete Guide to Buying Gold & Silver
  73. The Ultimate Guide to Buying Diamonds.
  74. The Ultimate Guide to the Rarest and Most Valuable Types of Diamonds in the World
  75. The Ultimate Guide to Buying a Diamond | London Gold
  76. The Ultimate Guide to Buying Affordable Diamond Jewelry
  77. The Ultimate Guide to the Gold Market
  78. Super Simple Guide to Buying Your Wedding Rings.
  79. Platinum Metal Guide Everything You Need to Know
  80. Diamond Certification: A Complete Guide
  81. Diamond Guide - Diamond Types, Cuts and Quality
  82. Diamond Ring Guide, Discover Tips on Buying Ring
  83. Diamond Buying Guide
  84. Diamond Facts, Tips, and Guides.
  85. Jewelry Tips & Tricks Guide.
  86. Diamond Buying Tips.
  87. Jewelry Buying Tips.
  88. Key Tips on Gold and Silver Coins and Bars
  89. Tips on Buying Valentine's Day Jewelry.
  90. Tips on Caring for Jewelry.
  91. Tips to Long-lasting Jewelry.
  92. Tips for Caring for Rings, Necklaces, Earrings, and Watches.
  93. Tips for Buying Gold Jewelry.
  94. Tips for Buying an Engagement Ring.
  95. Tips for Selling Gold
  96. Tips for Selling Gold Jewelry
  97. Tips for Selling Your Jewelry, Diamonds & Watches.
  98. 4 Tips for Selling Your Diamond Jewelry
  99. 5 Tips for Buying Jewelry.
  100. 5 Tips for a Man to Buy Jewelry for a Woman
  101. 5 Tips for buying jewelry for Valentine's Day.
  102. 7 Money Saving Tips for Buying Diamonds.
  103. 9 Essential Tips for Keeping Your Jewelry in Tip-Top Shape
  104. 10 Legendary Diamonds from History
  105. 10 Most Famous Diamonds in History
  106. 10 Interesting Facts About the History of Gold Jewelry
  107. 10 Tips for Buying Gold & Silver Bullion
  108. 10 Hot Tips for Selling More in your Jewelry Store
  109. 10 Jewelry Safety Tips to Avoid
  110. 12 Tips for Buying an Engagement Ring.
  111. 12 Tips and Tricks for Investing in Gold and Silver
  112. 14 Tips on Picking the Perfect Wedding Band for Your Engagement Ring
  113. 15 Top Fun & Interesting Facts About Jewelry and Its History
  114. 15 Fabulous Jewellery Style Tips.
  115. 15 Most Precious Metals in the World
  116. 19 Facts About Wedding Rings History
  117. 307 Best Jewelry Tips and Facts Images.

▷ Watches: News, Info & Facts
  1. Popular Watchmakers
  2. The Revival of the Gold Watch
  3. The Greatest Luxury Watch Brands in the World Today
  4. The Unvarnished Truth About Victorinox Swiss Army Watches
  5. Jewels in Watches
  6. The Official U.S. Time.
  7. Smart Watches vs Traditional Watches
  8. G.O.A.T: The Rolex Submariner | Sotheby's.
  9. Rolex Logo: The Complete Story Behind the Iconic Crown
  10. Rolex Prices - Find the Price of Your Used Rolex
  11. Rolex Gifts Trump Exclusive Gold Desk Clock
  12. Rolex Desk Clock In Oval Office
  13. Rolex Gave Trump a Gold Desk Clock That's Not Available to the Public
  14. Rolex Gifted President Trump a Clock...
  15. Trump Got a Priceless Gold Clock from the Rolex CEO
  16. President Trump's Mystery Desk Clock Came From Rolex
  17. Time Through the Ages, Part 3: Clocks, Watches and Emperors - The Growing Global Trade of Watch and Clockmaking
  18. The Luxury of Time: A Conversation About Time Pieces.
  19. The Myths and Realities Behind the Time on All Watches: 10:10.
  20. Swiss Watch Found in 400-Year Old Chinese Tomb
  21. Swiss Pocket Watch Nets World Record $24 Million - Sotheby's
  22. Mystery as Century-old Swiss Watch Discovered in Ancient Tomb Sealed for 400 Years.
  23. Dior's Newest Watch Is a Nod to the Past.
  24. Jorg Gray 6500 - President Barack Obama
  25. JG6500 Commemorative Edition
  26. Obama Watch Collection: Presidential Timepieces and Their Stories
  27. 41mm 2009 Jorg Gray JG6500 Obama Edition Men's Quartz Wristwatch Steel
  28. A Chronicle of Timekeeping.
  29. Portable Drum Watch
  30. Ancient Egyptian and the Time
  31. Antique Pocket Watches
  32. The 18th c. Chinese Market Pocket Watches
  33. From Heshen to Western Timepieces in the 18th Century China
  34. Pocket Watches for the Chinese Market
  35. Fabulous Antique Chinese Market Watches
  36. Bovet Silver Chinese Market Pocket Watch
  37. Museum Conservation Institute Caring for Clocks and Watches
  38. A Fine British Watch Is More Affordable Than Ever after Brexit.
  39. Are Gold Watches Still in Style?
  40. The Most Popular Rolex Watches
  41. The Most Iconic Watches in Hip-Hop
  42. The Most Iconic Timepieces of the Last 100 Years.
  43. The Most Famous and Iconic Movie Watches of All Time.
  44. The Most Famous Rolex Watches of All Time.
  45. The Most Famous Watches from Films
  46. The Most Memorable Watches on Film
  47. The Most Expensive Watches Ever Sold at Auction.
  48. The Most Expensive Watches Ever Sold (and Some Affordable Ways to Borrow Their Vibes)
  49. The Most Expensive Watches in the World
  50. The Most Expensive Watch in the World 2025
  51. The Most Expensive Wrist Watches
  52. The Most Expensive Watch Brands Ever Sold in the World.
  53. The Most Stylish Apple Watch Accessories
  54. Most Expensive Luxury Watches Ranked by Price
  55. Most Expensive Watches in the World
  56. Most Expensive Watches in the World Ranked With Prices
  57. Most Interesting Watch Facts.
  58. Most Iconic Watches.
  59. Most Valuable Watches of 2025
  60. Most Expensive Watch Brands.
  61. List of Most Expensive Watches Sold at Auction | Wikipedia
  62. List of Most Expensive Watches Sold at Auctions
  63. List of Apple Watches & Comparison
  64. This $31M Patek Philippe Is Now the Most Expensive Watch in the World
  65. 'Paul Newman' Rolex Daytona Sets World Record, Fetches $17.8 Million
  66. Oyster Paul Newman in Gold Pulls $3.7 Million and Becomes the Most Expensive Daytona Ever Sold at Auction
  67. The $24.000.000 Patek Philippe Henry Graves Supercomplication
  68. This $11 Million Patek Philippe Timepiece Is the World's Most Expensive Wristwatch
  69. Bao Dai Rolex Sells for More Than $5 Million at Phillips Auction, Setting a New World Record
  70. Will the Bao Dai Rolex Become the Most Expensive Rolex Sold at Auction? Again
  71. Hands-On: A Patek Philippe Caliber 89, for Sale at Christie's New York
  72. Louis Vuitton Unveils Escale Worldtime Minute Repeater & Escale Time Zone at Baselworld
  73. Louis Vuitton's Escale Worldtime Watch Goes Around the World in 60 Seconds
  74. Ancient Sundial Shaped Like Ham Was Roman Pocket Watch
  75. The World's Best Watch Brands, Explained
  76. The World's Most Expensive Watches
  77. The World's Most Precise Clock Could Prove Einstein Wrong
  78. Are Old Bulova Watches Worth Anything? (Rarest & Most Valuable Sold for $50,000)
  79. Can this Greubel Forsey Quadruple Tourbillon Watch Be Worth $1,000,000?
  80. Greubel Forsey - An Interview with Stephen Forsey
  81. Greubel Forsey Puts a New Tilt on Tourbillons
  82. Flying Under the Wealth Radar with a $565,000 Greubel Forsey GMT
  83. Important Watches Including Connoisseurs Vision Part IV Press Release Christies
  84. Patek Philippe Gold Watch Sells for Record $24.4M
  85. "Patek Philippe's $31 Million Grandmaster Chime Becomes Most Expensive Watch Ever Sold
  86. The Rarest and Most Expensive Patek Philippe Watches
  87. Rare Platinum Rolex Heads to Auction, Could Fetch $1.7 Million
  88. The Crazy-Expensive Gold Apple Watch Could Make $5 Billion per Quarter
  89. The Geneva Watch Auction: XIV Geneva Auction 5 & 7 November 2021 | Phillips
  90. George Daniels Space Travellers' Watch
  91. George Daniels' Watch | Sothebys
  92. Platinum Patek Philippe Perpetual Calendar 1954
  93. Famous People Who Own an Apple Watch and How Much They Cost
  94. Famous People and their Famous Watches
  95. Famous Watches and the Men Who Owned Them.
  96. Famous Watches Worn by Iconic Men.
  97. At $15.6 Million, the World's most Expensive Watch Is up for Grabs
  98. Switzerland Declares War on the Apple Watch
  99. Thinking About the Split in Apple Watch Sales by Model
  100. NIST Ytterbium Atomic Clocks Set Record for Stability
  101. Next-Gen Atomic Clock Ticks With More Precision in Boulder's NIST Lab
  102. The Oldest Watch Brands in the World.
  103. An Overview of Pocket Watches.
  104. The Story of a Watch Company | Tissot.
  105. Fun Facts About Patek Philippe Watches.
  106. Facts About Tudor Watches.
  107. Facts About Jaeger-LeCoultre
  108. Interesting Facts on Watches.
  109. Interesting Facts About Watches and Watchmakers
  110. The Stories Behind Five of the Most Iconic Watches of All Time.
  111. The "Invention" of the Wristwatch
  112. Wrist Watches: From Battlefield to Fashion Accessory.
  113. From Patek Philippe to Rolex: The 20 Most Expensive Watches in 2022
  114. The Art of Luxury Watchmaking.
  115. Starting a Luxury Watch Collection.
  116. Mechanical Vs. Quartz Watch Movement
  117. Traditional Watch vs. Smart Watch - The Truth About Watches
  118. The Best Fitness Watches
  119. The Best Running Watches - GPS Watches to Track Your Workouts
  120. The Best Apple Watch Models
  121. The Best Cheap Running Watches - Cheap GPS Watches
  122. The Best Jewelry and Watches at the Golden Globe
  123. The Best Watch Brands in the World
  124. The Best Luxury Watches for Young Professionals.
  125. The Best Watches for Young Men.
  126. The Best Watches for Teenagers
  127. The Best Travel Watches
  128. The Best Apple Watch: Top Smartwatches for Your iPhone
  129. Best Rolex Watches That Money Can Buy at Every Price
  130. Best and Luxurious Watches in the World
  131. Best Running Watches
  132. Best Running Watch (and Multi-Sport GPS Watches)
  133. Best Watches for Young Professionals
  134. Best Watches for Young Professionals (Top 10 Models).
  135. Best Garmin Running Watches - GPS Watches for Runners
  136. Best Watches for Men
  137. Best Watch Brands by Price: A Horological Hierarchy
  138. Best Tactical Automatic Watches
  139. Best Android Smartwatches
  140. Best Smartwatch for iPhone: Apple Watch or Not?
  141. Best Apple Watch Deals
  142. Best Apple Watch
  143. Apple Watch
  144. Apple Watch Faces and Their Features
  145. Apple Watch Ultra vs. Apple Watch Series 8
  146. Apple Watch Is Now the Number One Watch in the World
  147. Apple Watch Series 6 vs. Series 5
  148. Apple Orders more than 5 Million Watches for Initial Run
  149. Golden Apple: Brikk Unveils a $75,000 Diamond-Encrusted Apple Watch
  150. All the Things an Apple Watch Can Do Without an iPhone
  151. All About the 'Iconic Watches of Hollywood' Auction.
  152. Armitron Instalite 406623 Review (video)
  153. Armitron Pro Sports 40/8397YLW Review (video)
  154. Alkaline (AG) Watch Battery Equivalence Chart.
  155. Specialty Battery Finder.
  156. Coin Cell / Button Battery Cross Reference.
  157. Watch Repair Tools
  158. Watch Battery Cross Reference Chart.
  159. Watch Batteries and other Coin and Button Cell Batteries.
  160. Watch Brands from Around the World.
  161. Watch Price & Specification Database
  162. Watches Industry Facts, Trends and Statistics
  163. Watches Inspired by Ancient Roman Sundials
  164. Watch Movements - Differences Between Mechanical & Quartz
  165. Watches for the Young Professional.
  166. Watches & Jewelry | Forbes
  167. 3 Watch Sizing Facts You Need to Know.
  168. 4 Best GPS Running Watches
  169. 4 Million-Dollar Watches in 2021
  170. 5 Iconic Watches All Serious Collectors Should Own.
  171. 5 Most Important Pocket Watches of All Time.
  172. 5 Most Reliable Watches of All Time.
  173. 5 Iconic Movie Watches You Won't Forget.
  174. 5 Hyper Luxurious Million-dollar Watches.
  175. 5 Female Celebrity Watches Worn by the Rich and Famous Women
  176. 5 Things You Need to Know When Selling Your Rolex.
  177. 5 Facts Every Watch Lover Should Know About Rolex.
  178. 5 Facts About Citizen Watch Company.
  179. 5 Iconic Watches and Their Most Sought.
  180. 5 of the Rarest Watches Ever Made
  181. 6 Watches that Have Sold for Over $1 million.
  182. 6 Excellent Watches for Young Professionals
  183. 6 Most Iconic Watch Models of All Time
  184. 7 Fun Facts About Clocks & Timepieces
  185. 8 Reasons to Wear a Watch
  186. 8 Rarest and Most Expensive Seiko Watches Ever Made
  187. 8 Iconic Watches in Movies
  188. 8 Things You Didn't Know About the Legendary Watchmaker Breguet
  189. 8 Timepieces over Million - The World's Most Expensive Watches
  190. 8 Top Most Expensive Watches in the World
  191. 9 Most Important Watches in the World
  192. 9 Most Expensive Watches in the World
  193. 9 Reasons to Buy an Automatic Watch
  194. 9 Genius, Off-the-Wall Timepieces from the Worn & Wound Watch Fair
  195. 9 Cheap Running Watches
  196. 10 Oldest Watches in the World
  197. 10 Oldest Watch Brands in the World
  198. 10 Facts About Breitling
  199. 10 Facts About Rolex Watches
  200. 10 Facts About Omega Watches
  201. 10 Watches More Expensive than a Ferrari
  202. 10 Most Famous and Popular Watch Brands in the World
  203. 10 Most Expensive Watches Sold in the 21st Century (So Far)
  204. 10 Most Expensive and Luxurious Watches in the World.
  205. 10 Most Expensive Watches Over Million
  206. 10 Most Expensive Watches in the World
  207. 10 Most Expensive Watches in the World | WatchRanker
  208. 10 Most Expensive Watches of All Time
  209. 10 Most Expensive Watches Ever Sold (& Why They're So Significant)
  210. 10 Most Expensive Watch Brands in the World
  211. 10 Most Expensive Wrist Watches for Richest
  212. 10 Most Expensive Watch Brands & Their Best Watches
  213. 10 Most Popular Rolex Watches of All Time
  214. 10 Most Iconic Watch Models for any Collector
  215. 10 Most Iconic Watches of the Motoring World
  216. 10 Best Men Watches of all Time
  217. 10 Best Selling Watch Brands in the World
  218. 10 Top Living Legend Watches to Own
  219. 10 Top Most Iconic Watches in Movies.
  220. 10 Top Iconic Watches of All Time
  221. 10 Top Most Expensive Watches in the World
  222. 10 Top World's Most Expensive Watches
  223. 10 Watches That Changed What's on Your Wrist
  224. 10 Important Military Watches from World War II
  225. 10 Cool Watches for Teenage Boys
  226. 10 Things to Know About How Rolex Makes Watches
  227. 10 Interesting Watch Facts You Probably Didn't Know About
  228. 10 Parts of a Watch You Should Actually Know.
  229. 10 Legendary Men Who Wore Rolex.
  230. 11 Most Iconic Movie Watches of All-Time
  231. 11 Most Expensive Men's Watches in the World
  232. 11 Top Most Expensive Watches in the World
  233. 11 Rules of the Watch
  234. 11 Things You Should Know Before Investing in a Luxury Watch
  235. 11 Best Watch Investments for Aspiring Collectors
  236. 11 Best Durable Watches
  237. 11 of the Most Expensive New Watches
  238. 12 Best Watches for Women
  239. 12 Best Running Watches
  240. 12 Top Watch Brands
  241. 12 Collectors Name Their All-Time Favorite Watches of the 21st Century
  242. 12 Most Expensive Watches over $1 Million
  243. 12 Things Switzerland Is Famous for
  244. 12 Mistakes New Watch Guys Make, and How to Avoid Them.
  245. 13 Best Places to Buy Watches Online
  246. 13 Best Rolex Watches for Men
  247. 14 Best Tactical Watches
  248. 14 Most Expensive Watch Brands in the World
  249. 15 Durable Watches that Make Great Gifts
  250. 15 Top Interesting Facts About Watches
  251. 15 Most Iconic Men's Watches
  252. 15 Most Expensive Mickey Mouse Watches
  253. 15 Most Valuable Watch Companies in the World
  254. 15 Best Gold Watches Available to Wear
  255. 15 Best Tactical Watches
  256. 15 Best Women's Watches from Baselworld
  257. 16 Best Tactical Watches.
  258. 17 Most Expensive Rolex Watches.
  259. 18 Essential Watchmaking Tools for a Beginner
  260. 19 Best Tactical & Military Watches Reviews
  261. 20 Rarest and Most Valuable Vintage Watches Worth a Fortune
  262. 20 Most Iconic Watches of All Time
  263. 20 Most Popular Watches in the World
  264. 20 Best Military Watches for Everyday Carry.
  265. 20 Best Luxury Watch Brands in the World
  266. 20 Top Luxury Watch Brands
  267. 20 Top Luxury Watch Brands
  268. 20 Most Expensive Watches in the World | Wealthy Gorilla
  269. 20 Most Expensive Watches in the World
  270. 21 Most Expensive Watches in the World
  271. 21 Cool Facts About Watches You Didn't Know
  272. 23 Most Expensive Watches in the World & Iconic Timepieces
  273. 24 of the Most Creative Watches Ever
  274. 25 Most Expensive Watches Ever Sold at Auction
  275. 25 Captivating Facts About Luxury Watches
  276. 25 Top Luxury Watch Brands for Men
  277. 27 Types of Watches to Know About
  278. 29 Most Expensive Watches in the World
  279. 29 Best Men's Luxury Watches
  280. 30 Top Luxury Watch Brands
  281. 30 Most Expensive Watches Ever Sold at Auction
  282. 30 Most Expensive Watches in the World
  283. 32 Best Luxury Watch Brands
  284. 35 Most Expensive Watches in the World
  285. 39 Interesting Facts About Omega Watches
  286. 40 Best Watch Brands for Women
  287. 50 Best Watch Brands & Their Amazing Stories
  288. 50 Best Watches for Men
  289. 50 Greatest Watches of All Time
  290. 50 Luxury Watch Brands You Should Know | Teddy Baldassarre
  291. 68 Best Watches for Men
  292. 100 Things to Know About Luxury Watches
  293. 101 Amazing Facts About Watches
  294. $500 (or Less) Watches.
  295. $565,000 Greubel Forsey GMT Black Watch Is Idiosyncratic, Incredible
▷ Watches: History, Guides & Tips
  1. History of Watches Timeline
  2. History of Watches: A Quick Timeline
  3. History of Watches: From Sundials to Smartwatches
  4. History of Watches | Wikipedia
  5. History of Watches | HistorySpeak
  6. History of Watches.
  7. History of Watches and Clocks.
  8. History of Watches - History of Portable Timepieces.
  9. History of Watchmaking.
  10. History of Timekeeping Devices.
  11. History of the Dollar Watch: Low-Cost High-Volume Watch Production in the USA
  12. History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders
  13. History - Piaget Luxury Watchmaker and Jeweler.
  14. History and Collections of Zeppelin Watches
  15. History of Horology.
  16. History of Pocket Watches.
  17. History of Gucci Watches
  18. History of Hamilton Watch
  19. A History of Pilot's Watches
  20. A Short History of Railroad Watches
  21. A History of Watches and Timepieces.
  22. A Brief History of Watches.
  23. A Brief History of the Wristwatch. | The Atlantic
  24. A Brief History of the Wristwatch.
  25. The History of U-Boat Watches
  26. The History of Movado Watches
  27. The History of Bulova Through 10 Milestone Bulova Watches
  28. The History of Eterna
  29. The History of Watches.
  30. The History of Wrist Watches.
  31. The History and Evolution of the Wristwatch
  32. The History of Swiss Watchmaking
  33. The History of Omega Watches
  34. The History of Wenger Watches
  35. The History of Timex Watches
  36. A Piece of the Past: The History of Chinese Caliber Watches
  37. Timex Story and History
  38. A Timeline of the History of Clocks, Pocket Watches and Wrist Watches
  39. A Timeless History of the Swatch Watch
  40. Pocket Watch History.
  41. Pocket Watches, History, Facts, and Pocket Watch Models
  42. Facts About the History of Watches and Horology
  43. Luxury Watch Designers That Changed History.
  44. The Igemon Watch with Ancient Greek Numerals Puts History ...
  45. Rolex History, Facts, and Trivia of the Swiss Watch
  46. Rolex Facts, History, and Company Info
  47. Rolex Watches History: 1905–1919
  48. Ultimate Rolex Buying Guide
  49. Antique Pocket Watch Identification, Brands, & Value Guide
  50. Antique Pocket Watch: Identification and Value Guide
  51. Antique Pocket Watch Identification and Valuation Guide | Lovetoknow
  52. The Ultimate Beginners Watch Guide
  53. The Ultimate Guide to Watches and Travel
  54. The Ultimate Guide to Automatic Watch Movements.
  55. A Beginners Guide to Automatic Watches
  56. A Beginner's Guide to Buying a Watch
  57. The Beginner's Guide to Buying a Watch
  58. The Ultimate Beginners Watch Guide
  59. The GQ Guide to Watches for Men.
  60. Complete Guide to the Watches of United States Presidents
  61. Instructions for Sports Watches
  62. Instructions for Armitron Watch.
  63. Best Men's Watches and Brands: GQ Watch Guide)
  64. Mens Watches: Guide and Style Tips
  65. Men's Watches - The Watch Type Guide
  66. A Man's Guide to Wristwatches
  67. Best Watches: T3's Ultimate Guide to Watches and Watch Brands
  68. Watch Size Guide - Wristwatches and Sizes
  69. Antique Pocket Watch Value Photo Guide
  70. A Guide to Common Watch Repairs
  71. The Pros and Cons of Wood Watches – A Quick Guide
  72. Guide to Purchasing Luxury Watches
  73. Tips and Guide Watch Shopping and Detecting Fake Watches
  74. Fashion Tips Men's Watches
  75. Tips for Fine Jewelry & Watches.
  76. Tips for Taking Care of Your Luxury Watch.
  77. Tips & Tricks for Victorinox Watch
  78. Tips for Cleaning Watch Properly
  79. 3 Top Luxury Watch Brands With History.
  80. 7 of History's Most Iconic Watches
  81. 10 Watches That Have Made History
  82. 10 Watches That Changed the Course of History
  83. 10 Milestone Moments in the History of the Wristwatch
  84. 14 Key Facts You Need to Know About Watch History
  85. 15 Best Tactical Watches - Military Watch Guide
  86. 20 Tips for Photographing Watches and Timepieces
  87. 23 Tips to Start Collecting Watches and Not Screw Up
  88. 25 Tips Every Apple Watch Owner Should Know
  89. 25 Key Moments in the History of Oris Watches
  90. 30 Apple Watch Tips and Tricks You Probably Did Not Know About
  91. 67 Apple Watch Tips and Features

▷ How, Who, What, When, Where & Why
  1. How to Get the Best Price for Jewelry.
  2. How to Get an Accurate Jewelry Appraisal.
  3. How to Get the Best Prices for Selling Your Jewelry.
  4. How to Get the Best Price When Selling Your Jewelry
  5. How to Get the Best Price When Pawning Your Jewelry & Diamonds
  6. How to Price Your Jewelry for Profits
  7. How to Negotiate Buying Jewelry
  8. How to Choose Between Gold and Platinum.
  9. How to Test for Platinum
  10. How to Test Gold – DIY Ways to Spot Fake Gold
  11. How to Spot Fake Gold
  12. How to Put Gold into Your IRA
  13. How to Check Purity of Your Gold Jewellery
  14. How to Identify Platinum in Ore Deposits
  15. How to Tell the Difference Between Silver, White Gold and Platinum
  16. How to Wear Wedding Ring Sets: A Full Guide.
  17. How to Wear Men's Luxury Watches
  18. How to Wear a Rolex
  19. How to Buy a Diamond - The Ultimate Guide.
  20. How to Buy Gold and Silver
  21. How to Buy a Rolex Watch
  22. How to Sell Gold
  23. How to Sell Gold Coins for Cash (for the Highest Price)
  24. How to Sell Jewelry Online.
  25. How to Trade Gold
  26. How to Invest in Diamonds
  27. How to Examine Your Super Ideal Loose Diamond Upon Receipt
  28. How to Become a Gemologist.
  29. How to Use a Magnet for Gem Identification.
  30. How to Use Garnet for Good Feng Shui.
  31. How to Clean Jewelry at Home Safely.
  32. How to Clean Jewelry.
  33. How to Clean Jewelry (Silver, Gold, Diamond, etc.)
  34. How to Clean and Take Care of Jewelry.
  35. How to Clean Your Jewelry.
  36. How to Clean Your Jewelry Without Jewelry Cleaner.
  37. How to Clean Jewelry Using Common Household Items.
  38. How to Clean Jewelry at Home with Household Staples.
  39. How to Clean Sterling Silver and Gold Jewelry at Home.
  40. How to Clean a Diamond Ring at Home.
  41. How to Clean and Care for your Rings Tips for Gold Silver and Platinum.
  42. How to Clean Watches at Home
  43. How to Change the Battery for a Pulsar Watch.
  44. How to Choose a Man's Wrist Watch
  45. How to Choose the Right Watch
  46. How to Choose a Watch
  47. How to Choose A Watch | WatchDig
  48. How to Choose Watch Dial Color
  49. How to Match a Watch With Your Outfit
  50. How to Beat the Rolex Waiting List.
  51. How to Replace Raymond Weil Watch Battery.
  52. How to Take the Back Off a Citizen Watch.
  53. How to Take Care of Your Watch
  54. How to Make Money Selling Watches
  55. How to Identify and Value an Antique Pocket Watch
  56. How to Find Your Watch Model Number
  57. How to Set the Time on Your Watch
  58. How to Set the Time and Care for Your Armitron Watch.
  59. How to Setup the Armitron Pro Sport Watch (video)
  60. How to Setup any Armitron Watch - All Functions (video)
  61. How to Set Time on Armitron Watch (video)
  62. How to Change the Date on Armitron Watch (video)
  63. How to Change the Time on any Armitron Watch (video)
  64. How to Pick the Best Smartwatch
  65. How to Pick a Watch
  66. How to Successfully Sell Jewelry Online (Practical Guide).
  67. How to Tell If a Gemstone Is Real
  68. How to Adjust to Daylight Saving Time
  69. How Wristwatches Took Over and Where Pocket Watches Still Shine
  70. How Jewelry Resale Prices Are Calculated
  71. How Gold Is Refined: A Step-By-Step Guide.
  72. How Gold Is Made and How It Got to our Planet
  73. How Heavy is Platinum Compared to Gold?
  74. How Diamond Engagement Rings Became a Tradition.
  75. How Valuable Is Platinum-Plated Silver Jewelry?
  76. How Many Apple Watches Has Apple Sold?
  77. How Much Gold Has Been Mined?
  78. How Much Gold Is in the World?
  79. How Much to Spend on an Engagement Ring
  80. How Much Platinum Does Your Platinum Jewelry Really Contain?
  81. How Much a Rolex Costs in Australia (2022)
  82. How Much Is My Watch Worth?
  83. How Switzerland Came to Dominate Watchmaking.
  84. How an Automatic Watch Movement Works.
  85. How Does the Automatic Watch Movement Work
  86. How Do Mechanical Watches Work?.
  87. How Do You Identify Minerals?.
  88. How Did a Swiss Ring Watch End up in a Sealed Ming Dynasty Tomb?
  89. How a Mechanical Watch Works.
  90. How a Watch Works.
  91. How Watches Work
  92. How Mechanical Watches Survived After Quartz.
  93. How Is the $5.2m Audemars Piguet Black Panther Different to the $160k Version?
  94. What to Know Before Buying a Watch Online.
  95. What to Know About Watch Batteries
  96. What Is Gemology and How Do You Become a Gemologist?
  97. What Is the History of Engagement Rings
  98. What Is the Most Expensive Type of Gold?
  99. What Is the Best Metal (Gold vs Platinum) for Your Ring
  100. What Is the Best Engagement Ring Metal in Comparison?
  101. What Is the Best Metal for Wedding Rings?
  102. What Is the Best Precious Metal to Invest in?
  103. What Is the Best Way to Buy Gold?
  104. What Is Wrong with Buying Gold Coins?.
  105. What Is So Special About Platinum?.
  106. What Is Diamond? - Gemstone Facts and Information
  107. What Is the Largest Diamond in the World?
  108. What Is the Difference Between Platinum, White Gold & Silver?
  109. What Is the Difference Between White Gold and Yellow Gold?
  110. What Is the Difference Between Apple Watch Series 3 and Series 4?
  111. What Is Palladium? It's Suddenly the Most Precious Metal
  112. What Is the Gold Standard?.
  113. What Is Rarer than Gold?
  114. What Is Bloodstone?.
  115. What Is Watch - History of Watches
  116. What Is My Watch Worth? - Keys to Understanding Watch Value
  117. What Is the Most Expensive Type of Gold?
  118. What Is the Most Valuable Gold?
  119. What Is the Difference Between Apple Watch Models?
  120. What Are Birthstones?.
  121. What Are Blue Diamonds?
  122. What Are Brown Diamonds?.
  123. What Are Colored Diamonds?.
  124. What Are Green Diamonds?.
  125. What Are Red Diamonds?.
  126. What Are Yellow Diamonds?.
  127. What Are the Colors of Fancy Diamonds?.
  128. What Are the Metal Tiers (Bronze, Silver, Gold & Platinum)?
  129. What Are the Jewels in a Watch for?
  130. What Are Jewels in a Watch? A Complete Guide
  131. What You Can (and Can't) Do on Your Apple Watch Without Your iPhone
  132. What Causes the Colors of Metals like Gold?
  133. What Would Indians Prefer Gold and Silver or Diamond and Platinum
  134. What Jewelry Goes with a Diamond Ring?
  135. What Jewellers Wont Tell You about White Gold vs Platinum
  136. What Types of Gold Are Most Valuable to Buyers?
  137. What Type of Gold Is the Most Expensive?
  138. What Type of Gold Sells for the Most Cash? A Seller's Guide to Jewelry, Coins & Bullion
  139. What Types of Gold Bring the Highest Payout? A Seller's Guide
  140. What Collectors Should Know Before Buying Vintage Watches
  141. What Watch Does Barack Obama Wear? Barack Obama's Watch Collection
  142. What You Should Know About Metals
  143. What You Should Know About Apple Watch Series 6 Before Buying One
  144. What You Need to Know between White Gold and Silver
  145. What You Didn't Know About Watches!
  146. Where to Wear Your Engagement Ring
  147. What Size Apple Watch Should You Buy?
  148. Where to Sell Jewelry to Get the Most Money
  149. Where to Sell Jewelry to Get the Most Cash (2022)
  150. Where to Find Gold in North Carolina
  151. When a Diamond Loses Its Virginity
  152. Where Might Precious Metals (Platinum or Gold) Fit in your Portfolio?
  153. Which Watch Is Better - Digital Watch vs Analog Watch
  154. Which Apple Watch Is Best Right Now?
  155. Which Apple Watch Should You Buy?
  156. Which Type of Ring Metal Should You Choose?
  157. Which Stones and Precious Metals Are the Most Valuable?
  158. Which Metal to Use for an Engagement Ring?
  159. Which Metal (White Gold or Platinum) Is Best for your Ring?
  160. Which Metal (Silver, Gold or Platinum) Is Best?
  161. Which Is Rarer: Gold or Diamonds?
  162. Which Is the Best: Platinum, Silver, or White Gold?
  163. Which Is Better: Platinum or White Gold?
  164. Which Is Better: White Gold or Sterling Silver?
  165. Which Is Better to Own: Platinum or Gold?
  166. Which Should I Choose Between Platinum vs Silver for my Jewelry?
  167. Which (Gold or Platinum) Is a Better Investment?
  168. Why Does This Quadruple Tourbillon Watch Cost $815,000?
  169. Why I Bought It: Greubel Forsey Invention Piece 1
  170. Why Have So Many Huge Diamonds Been Found Recently?.
  171. Why Time Stands Still for Watchmakers?
  172. Why Watches Are Always Set to the Same Time in Adverts?
  173. Why All Clocks Mention as 10.10 Initially?.
  174. Why Photographs of Watches and Clocks Show the Time 10:10.?
  175. Why Has Gold Always Been Valuable?
  176. Why Do We Value Gold?
  177. Why Platinum, Gold and Silver Are Used to Make Jewellery?
  178. Why White Gold Is a Better Choice than Platinum
  179. Why Is Platinum So Expensive?
  180. Why Is Platinum Jewelry More Expensive than Gold?
  181. Why Is 10:10 the Default Setting for Clocks and Watches?
  182. Why Are Diamonds so Expensive?
  183. Why Are Watches So Expensive?
  184. Why Some Watches Are So Expensive?
  185. Why Are Your Watches Stopped Working?
  186. Why Investing in Precious Metals Is a Bad Idea | DaveRamsey
  187. Why I Collect Minerals
  188. Why Are Gold Watches So Expensive?
  189. Why Gold Matters: Everything You Need to Know


About Jewelry & Diamonds
Gem and Jewelry Diamond Natures Color Diamonds
How Diamond Works How Valuable Diamond Analysis
Jewelry Dictionary Jewelry Fashion Pearl & Diamond Facts

Jewelry - Watches Resources


  • Amber- manufactures products in the rough stone with that the loss of material survives justifiably and beauty survives most of all.

  • Amstel Diamonds - one of the oldest diamond factories of Amsterdam, has been producing gems since 1876. It is situated on the Amstel river in an old canal house in the very heart of historic Amsterdam.

  • Apollo Diamond- produces single crystal diamond wafers and crystals for the optoelectronics, nanotechnology, and consumer gem markets.

  • ARC International - Pakistan wholesale gemstones, crystals, tumbles stones, beads, and finished jewelry. It offers a fine collection of quality rough and cut loose gemstones.

  • Arizona Traders - a manufacturer and distributor of sterling silver, opal, and turquoise Indian jewelry.

  • Bali Beads- offers wholesale Bali silver beads and silver jewelry design.

  • Blanka Diamonds- a major diamond supplier with factories in Antwerp and Sri Lanka producing small brilliants for rings, pendants, earstuds, as well as for watches and other decoration of jewelry.

  • Baltic Amber- a source of amber, beads, and silver jewelry.

  • Bapalal Jewellers- An Indian manufacturer of gold, diamond and gemstone set jewellery.

  • Canada Diamonds- manufactures the quality diamond jewelry from facilities in Vancouver, and supplies the quality Canadian diamonds and diamond jewelry worldwide at wholesale prices.

  • Charles & Colvard- the sole-source manufacturer of Moissanite; a near colorless, created jewel with a fire, brilliance and luster unmatched by any other jewel. Charles & Colvard sells Moissanite jewels to its distributing and jewelry manufacturing partners, who then provide exquisite Moissanite jewelry to fine retail jewelers around the world.

  • Diamond Broker- a diamond manufacturer, and supplied diamonds to wholesalers and major diamond and jewelry retailers around the world.

  • Elsa- manufactures custom wedding and engagement rings. It does business with retailers as well as the general public.

  • Goodfine Diamond- specializes in manufacturing a vast range of diamonds, sizes from 0.30 to 5 carat + in round and fancy shapes, "D" To "K" color, "IF – SI" clarity. It also carries commercial quality goods.

  • Larimar- specializes in making handmade artisan jewelry using the natural gem Larimar.

  • Leo Schachter- offers handcrafting the world's most beautiful and brilliant diamonds. Its reputation circles the globe with stops in Paris, London, Milan, New York, L.A. and Hong Kong.

  • NB Gems- specialize in rare and unusual minerals in their natural or sculpted form complemented by a unique jewelry selection.

  • Qingdao Pure Gems- specializes in high quality cut stones in Clear CZ, Color CZ and Synthetic stones including cutting of semi-precious stones.

  • Polar Bear Diamond- manufacturer of diamonds that are mined, cut and polished in Canada.

  • Sasha Primak- offers certified collections of jewelry and diamond to the trade, includes product and dealer information.

  • Russian Brilliants- a diamond dealer buying and selling diamond rough and loose diamonds

  • Scintilla- features original pieces and collections of jewelry and diamonds with photographs and distributor details.

  • Spence Diamonds- a chain of Canadian diamond and jewelry retail stores. It offers a selection of pendants, bracelets, earrings, and anniversary rings for every taste and price range. It provides hundreds of gift ideas in gold, silver and platinum.

  • Auroratime- a watch manufacturer and exporter in Hong Kong. Product range includes fashionable watch, automatic watch, mechanical watch, quartz watch, pocket watch.

  • Ebel - a Swiss upscale watch company opened since 1911. It offers luxury watches with the conception of time through the Swiss watch tradition.

  • Coral Hong- a Hong Kong manufacturer and exporter of watches, which include sports diver watch, sports chrono watch, classic watch, elegant watch, digital watch, sports watch.

  • Dianex- direct sale of Swiss mechanical watches.

  • Good Fortune Electronics- a Hong Kong manufacturer and exporter of clocks that include alarm clock, traveling clock, quartz alarm clock, mini alarm clock, desktop clock.

  • Hamilton Watches- an American watch manufacturer opened since 1892. Hamilton remains as one of the world's leading watchmakers.

  • Hanville- a Hong Kong watch manufacturer and exporter. Its Own Brand: Michel Renee, Que, Kin-mix, Louis Armolo, Mabell, Louis Valentino, Magic-tunnel.

  • Christie's Jewelry Auctions Calendar- Christie's Worldwide Jewelry Auctions Calendar

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  • Jayant Watch- an Indian watch company manufacturing watches, clocks and parts.

  • K & B Time- a Hong Kong leading and exporter of quartz watches, promotion watches, fashion watches, classical watches, and sports watches.

  • Kimsi- a manufacturer and exporter of LCD watch, promotion watch, digital watch, fashion watch, expansion watch, premium watch, brass watch, and stainless steel watch.

  • Max Rene- a leading watch manufacturer of combination of beauty and functionality in unique watch design.

  • Oemel- a well-established manufacturer and exporter since 1989 of PLL Digital Receivers, LCD Clock Radios, Audio Mouse Pads, Radio Control Clocks, LCD Clocks, Sound Technology and CD related products.

  • Omega- a manufacturer of prestige Swiss watches opened since 1848.

  • Precision Watches- a manufacturer and distributor for Andrew Marc watches, Cenere watches, Focus Watches, Cynthia Rowley timepieces.

  • Poerre Laurent- has developed its collections of jewelry to meet its expending customer base and its reputation for design and waulity.

  • Porsche Design- a majority-owned subsidiary of Porsche AG. The company's activities are focused on the Porsche Design Studio in Zell am See, Austria, and on the brands Porsche Design and Porsche Design Driver's Selection.

  • PRG Watch Manufactory Ltd- a majority-owned subsidiary of Porsche AG. The company's activities are focused on the Porsche Design Studio in Zell am See, Austria, and on the brands Porsche Design and Porsche Design Driver's Selection.

  • Spring Bars- a manufactures high Swiss quality spingbars for top class watches. Over 500 models and custom designs were developed.

  • Rovoda- a Rovada Celtic, Claddagh and Irish watches that include Celtic, Claddagh, Mythological, Heraldic, and watches of Irish interest. Designed and made in Ireland.

  • Sekiousa- a retailer network of watches

  • Silcom-China- a manufacturer of watches and clock in Hong Kong, radio controlled clock, metal clock, wood clock, travel clock, and fashion watches.

  • Silconent- a watch and clock manufacturer and exporter of all kind of watch and clock including classic watch, countdown watch, analog watch, alarm watch, euro converter watch, memory clock, travel clock, mini clock, table clock, and wall clock.

  • Tech-Bond Timepieces- a manufacturer and exporter of watches includes stainless steel watches, chronograph watches, sport watches, military watches, ladies watches, men watches.

  • Tekday- offers a set of collection of numeric watches based on sport and technology.

  • Tembo- a Hong Kong manufacturer and exporter of fashionable watches, carbon fiber watches, stainless steel watches, titanium watches, sports watches, and ladies watches.

  • Time Creations- an exporter of fashionable watches, classic watches, analog watches, wrist watches, promotional watches, quartz watches, and mechanical watches.

  • Temerald- a Hong Kong manufacturer and exporter of fashionable watches, carbon fiber watches, stainless steel watches, titanium watches, sports watches, and ladies watches.

  • Time Emerald Industrial- a Hong Kong manufacturer and exporter of fashionable watches, carbon fiber watches, stainless steel watches, titanium watches, sports watches, and ladies watches.

  • Traser - a Swiss firm mb-microtec developed the technology to produce light sources so small, they can be installed on the hands and dial of your wristwatch.

  • Windix Industries- a manufacturer and exporter of clocks

  • Wing Kwong Hong - a Hong Kong manufacturer and exporter of mechanical watch, quartz watch, steel band watch, sports watch, alloy case watch.

  • Wings Industries Company - a designer, manufacturer, and exporter of quality timepieces. The products ranges from quartz analog, sports watches, classic style, premium, diver style, ana-digital, and chrongraph to multi-function, pocket watch, slim style, metal bracelet, eather strap, steel, titanium, aluminum, water resistant, and plastic.

  • Yes Watch- a manufacturer of an unique watch that tells time by tracking natural rhythms of the sun and moon. It keeps both digital and mechanical time, sunrise and sunset of 500 cities worldwide, alarm, stopwatch with lap time, adjusts for DST, water-resistant and night light.

  • Xemex Swiss Watch- a watch manufacturer that products Swiss watches and Swiss wrist watches.


Watch Brands
Accurist Adriatica Alpina Armand Nicolet
Armitron Audemars Piguet Baume et Mercier Bell & Ross
Binda Blancpain Bovet Fleurier Breguet
Breitling Bulgari Bulova Calvin Klein
Cartiers Casio Certina Charriol
Chopard Citizen Dakota Doxa
Dubey Roger Dubuis E. Gluck Carlo Ferrara
Festina Folli Follie Fortis Fossil
Frederique Constant Gérald Genta Girard-Perregaux Glashütte
Glycine Greubel Forsey Hamilton Hublot
Ikepod IWC Invicta Jaeger-LeCoultre
Jean Lassale Jovial Jowissa Jules Jurgensen
Junghans Linde Werdelin Longines MB&F
Maîtres du Temps Maurice Lacroix mb-microtec AG Mido
Mondaine Montblanc Movado Franck Muller
Nivada Nixon Nomos Nooka
Ollech & Wajs Omega Orient Oris
Panerai Parmigiani Fleurier Patek Philippe Piaget
Pobeda Polar Poljot Pulsar
Rado Raketa Raymond Weil Red or Dead
Revue Thommen Roamer Roberto Coin Rodania
Rolex Rotary Seiko Sekonda
Sigma Sport Sinn Skagen Stowa
Suunto Swatch TAG Heuer TechnoMarine
Technos Tianjin Sea-Gull Timex Tissot
Tutima Ulysse Nardin Universal Genève Urwerk
Vacheron Constantin Victorinox Vostok-Europe Vostok
Waltham Wenger West End Xezo
Yema Zenith Zeno-Watch

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