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Did You Know?
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- Paper has been used for writing, drawing, packaging, and many other purposes. The first true papermaking process was documented in China during the Eastern Han period (25-220 AD),
traditionally attributed to the court official Cai Lun. He refined the process by using a mixture of mulberry tree bark, old fishing nets, and other materials to create a pulp that could be formed into sheets.
Cai's improvements to paper-making are considered to have had an enormous impact on human history, and of those who created China's Four Great Inventions—the compass, gunpowder, papermaking and printing—Cai is the only inventor whose name is known.
By the 8th century, Chinese papermaking spread to the Islamic world, replacing papyrus, and by the 11th century, papermaking reached Europe, where it replaced animal-skin-based parchment and wood panels.
- Traditional paper is made from a combination of milled plant and textile fibers; the introduction of water-powered paper mills in Spain during the 12th century marked a significant shift from manual labor to mass production.
In the 20th century, plastic "paper" and paper-plastic laminates were introduced, along with papers infused or coated with different substances to produce special properties.
- Paper mills use recycling paper to make new papers for notebooks, newspapers, magazines, books, grocery bags, cardboard boxes, envelopes, cartons, and other paper products.
- The U.K. began to make large supplies of paper in the late 15th century; the first U.S. paper mill was built in Pennsylvania in 1690.
- First book that was printed on papers was published in 1804.
- Post-It notes was accidentally invented by Dr. Spencer Silver (1941-2021), a Chemical engineer, in 1968 while working on a super strong adhesive creation project,
instead he created a weak adhesive that left behind no residue and led to the later Post-It notes development; he worked for over 30 years at 3M rising to a position of a corporate scientist before retiring in 1996. Art Fry used it
for creating bookmarks that wouldn't fall out in 1974, the Post-it note was born.
- The paper clip was patented to Norwegian inventor Johan Vaaler in 1899; it became a symbol of resistance during WWII, Norwegian resistance fighters wore paper clips as a symbol of unity and solidarity against the Nazis.
- No piece of normal-size paper can be folded in half more than seven times.
- Ink, which is used to color a surface to produce an image, text, or design, is a gel, sol, or solution that contains at least one colourant, such as a dye or pigment.
The Chinese began using ink for writing about 5,000 years ago, and Ancient Egypt used ink for writing and drawing with a pen, brush, or quill on
papyrus since the 26th century BC. In the 15th century, a new type of ink had to be developed in Europe for the
printing press by Johannes Gutenberg.
- There are around 507,000,000 Post-It notes needed to circle the world.
- In 1857 Thomas Sterry Hunt, while teaching at Université Laval,
invented the green ink that has been used on various bank notes since 1862, including the US government's Civil War greenback banknotes.
- Paper and the pulp papermaking process were developed in China during the early 2nd century AD,
possibly as early as the year 105 A.D., by the Han court eunuch
Cai Lun, although the earliest archaeological fragments of paper derive from the 2nd century BC in China. It spread slowly to the West via Samark and and Baghdad.
- Paper came to Spain via Arab traders (who learned a secret paper production from China) in the 10th century before it was spread to Italy, France and Germany.
- China, US, Canada Finland, Japan and Sweden are the largest producers of paper by quantity in the world.
- King Roger II of Sicily's deed written in Greek and Arabic was the oldest European document written on paper in 1109.
- In 1861, American Eberhard Faber set up business creating the first American mass-production pencil factory in New York City, and its
pencil was one of the basic writing instrument parts issued to Union soldiers during the Civil War.
Today, each lead pencil can averagely draw a continuous line for roughly 35 miles, and pencil factories around the world have produced around 10 billion pencils annually, which is enough to circle the earth more than 40 times.
- The modern pencil was invented in 1795 by Nicholas-Jacques Conte,
a French painter, balloonist,
army officer serving in the army of Napoleon Bonaparte.
- In 1944 Marcel Bich and Édouard Buffard set up business creating writing instrument parts; in 1950 Marcel Bich improved the ballpoint
design and launched his own pen under the BIC® brand and distributed its BIC products worldwide since;
and in 2020 BIC also launched the BIC Kids coloring line of crayons, colored pencils and markers in the United States. Interestingly, a ballpoint pen can produce up to two miles of writing.
- A ballpoint pen, a pen that dispenses
ink, was invented by John Jacob Loud (November 2, 1844 – August 10, 1916), an American inventor.
He invented this pen when attempting to make a writing instrument that would be able to write on leather products, which then-common fountain
pens could not. Although his invention could be used to mark rough surfaces such as leather, as he had originally intended, it proved to be too coarse for letter-writing. With no commercial viability,
its potential went unexploited. In 1949 Marcel Bich, a manufacturer and co-founder of
BIC, the world's leading producer of ballpoint pens,
introduced the first inexpensive ballpoint pen, aptly named BIC after himself.
- Introduced in 1959, the Xerox 914 is the first device recognizable as a modern photocopier invented by
Chester Carlson, (February 8, 1906 – September 19, 1968), an American physicist,
inventor, and patent attorney born in Seattle, Washington.
The machine, weighed 648 pounds and measures 42" high x 46" wide x 45" deep, allowed an operator to place an original on a sheet of glass, press a button, and receive a copy on plain paper.
It was one of the most successful Xerox products ever, a 914 model could make 100,000 copies per month.
- You can use an aluminum foil to sharpen the blades of scissors in an instant
- Worldwide consumption of paper has risen by 400% in the past 40 years leading to increase in deforestation, with 35% of harvested trees being used for paper manufacture.
- Edwin Hill (1793 – 1876) invented a mechanical system to make envelopes which was shown at the Great Exhibition of 1851,
the patent for which was bought by Warren de la Rue to whom the machine was attributed.
- Post-it notes were invented by 3M's Art Fry,
using an adhesive developed by a colleague, Spencer Silver.
- Why are Post-it notes yellow?
- Friedrich Soennecken (1848 – 1919) invented ring binders in 1886 in Bonn, Germany.
- R. Stanton Avery (1907 – 1997) was an inventor, most known for creating self-adhesive labels (modern stickers).
- Johannes Gensfleisch (1395 – 1468) invented mechanical movable type printing started the Printing Revolution
and is widely regarded as the most important event of the modern period.
- The very first paper clip, called "The Philadelphia," was folded twice to form a triangle with the two side edges of the triangle extending slightly beyond their point of intersection.
- It is most likely that scissors were invented around 1500 BC in ancient Egypt. The earliest known scissors appeared in Mesopotamia 3,000 to 4,000 years ago.
- Charles Xavier Thomas de Colmar (May 5, 1785–March 12, 1870) was a French inventor and entrepreneur
best known for designing, patenting and manufacturing the first commercially successful mechanical calculator.
- On March 30, 1858, Hymen Lipman of Philadelphia, USA, received the first patent for attaching an eraser to the end of a pencil.
It was later invalidated because it was determined to be simply a composite of two devices rather than an entirely new product.
- On 30 March 1858, Hymen Lipman received the first patent for attaching an eraser to the end of a pencil.
In 1862, Lipman sold his patent to Joseph Reckendorfer for $100,000, who went on to sue pencil manufacturer Faber-Castell for infringement. In 1875, the Supreme Court of the US ruled against Reckendorfer declaring the patent invalid.
- The first known stapler was handmade in the 18th century in France for King Louis XV.
- Surgeons can use surgical staplers in place of sutures to close the skin, or during surgical anastomosis.
- The average office worker spends 50 minutes a day looking for lost files and other items.
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