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  1. The U.S. dollar, which has been the dominant reserve currency, plays a crucial role in the global economy. It is widely trusted as a store of value, and comprises 60% of globally disclosed official foreign reserves, surpassing other currencies like the euro, yen, and pound. A stronger dollar can boost demand for products worldwide, benefiting both domestic and foreign companies. However, it can also negatively affect low-income countries with dollar-denominated debt.
  2. The U.S. economy is a complex machine fueled by various industries. The Professional and Business Services sector, which includes legal, consulting, design, and administrative services sector, contributes $3.5 trillion to the economy. The Real Estate, Rental, and Leasing sector, encompassing property management, leasing, and sales, has a value of $3.3 trillion. The Manufacturing sector, despite declining shares, still matters; durable goods (like metals and computers) contribute $1.6 trillion, while nondurable goods (such as food and chemicals) add $1.3 trillion1. The combined Healthcare, Education, and Social Assistance sector, which includes hospitals, schools, and social services, accounts for $2.3 trillion. The Finance and Insurance with a value of $2.0 trillion plays a crucial role in the economy. The Wholesale and Retail Trade sector, which involves buying, selling, and distributing goods contribute $1.7 trillion and $1.5 trillion, respectively. The Information industry, including tech and media, adds $1.5 trillion. The Arts, Entertainment, Recreation, Accommodation, and Food Services sector, collectively, contribute $1.2 trillion. The Construction sector, valued at $1.1 trillion, builds the U.S. infrastructure. Other Private Industries sector contributes a total of $2.6 trillion to the economy.
  3. The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) defines the official unemployment rate as the number of active job seekers divided by the labor force. Active job seekers are individuals who are not working and have submitted a job application at least once in the past four weeks; as of June 2024, the unemployment rate in the US was 4.1%.
  4. The Consumer Price Index for Urban Consumers (CPI-U), produced by the BLS, is a common measure of inflation. It reflects the price paid by urban consumers for a representative basket of goods and services. Inflation measures the increase in prices over time. In May 2024, prices had increased by 3.3 percent compared to May 2023 according to the 12-month percentage change in the consumer price index — the monthly inflation rate for goods and services in the United States.
  5. In 2023 the federal government collected around $4.44 trillion in revenue and spent $6.13 trillion, the deficit for FY23 was $1.70 trillion. From the 2018 to 2021 fiscal years, the government collected $14.3 trillion in revenue, and spent $21.9 trillion. In that time, mandatory spending on programs such as Social Security and Medicare totaled $14.7 trillion alone. Discretionary spending totaled about $5.8 trillion. During Trump administration, tax cuts added roughly another $1 trillion to the federal deficit from 2018 to 2021, even after factoring in economic growth spurred by the tax cuts. The first coronavirus stimulus package, which received near unanimous support in Congress, added $2 trillion to the deficit over the next two fiscal years. Three additional spending measures contending with Covid-19 and its economic ramifications added another $1.4 trillion.
  6. In the United States, the middle class took home approximately 43 percent of all income.
  7. In New York, while banks earn billions of dollars in profits, 40 percent of their bank tellers are on some form of public aid like food stamps.
  8. Around 51 percent of all American workers make less than $30,000 a year.
  9. The trade fight between the United States and China is reordering the global supply chain and Vietnam could stand to be a winner for investors.
  10. One out of every seven American people has at least 10 credit cards.
  11. Approximate 40 percent of all working age Americans either have medical bill problems or are currently paying off medical debt.
  12. Today around 48.8 percent of all 25-year-old Americans and approximate 19 percent of all American men between the ages of 25 and 34 still live at home with their parents.
  13. The Great Recession was a period of marked general decline, i.e. a recession, observed in national economies globally that occurred between 2007 and 2009. The causes of this Great Recession include a combination of vulnerabilities that developed in the financial system, along with housing prices falling in the U.S. and homeowners abandoning their mortgages, and the value of mortgage-backed securities held by investment banks collapsed; the household net worth, which reflects the value of both stock markets and housing prices, fell $11.5 trillion (17.3%) and did not regain its pre-recession level of $66.4 trillion until Q3 2012.
  14. Both China and India designate as developing countries - which are the countries with a less developed industrial base and a low human development index relative to other countries - even though they are ranked by the International Monetary Fund as the world's second and fifth largest economies. Developing countries tend to have some characteristics in common often due to low levels of access to safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene; energy poverty; high levels of pollution; widespread poverty; low education levels, discriminations against people; corruption at all government levels; and a lack of so-called good governance.
  15. One of the purposes of manipulation of currency is to weaken currency. In order to manipulate currency the country sells its own currency and buys foreign currency – usually U.S. dollars. Following the laws of supply and demand, the result is that the manipulating country reduces the demand for its own currency while increasing the demand for foreign currencies. The International Monetary Foundation (IMF) and the World Trade Organization (WTO) have provisions prohibiting the use of currency manipulation to gain trade advantages.
  16. As of May 2018, about 41 American million people live in poverty, of which 18.5 million of them in extreme poverty and over 550,000 people are homeless in America. African Americans are almost 2.5 times more likely than whites to live in poverty and their unemployment rate is more than double.
  17. The World's Top 10 Economies are United States, China, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, India, France, Brazil, Italy, and Canada.
  18. The U.S. economy loses its spot as the number one economy to China when measured in terms of GDP based on PPP; as of October 2017, China’s GDP based on PPP is $23.19 trillion exceeds the U.S. GDP of $19.42 trillion. However, the U.S. is way ahead of China in terms of GDP per capita, in which, the U.S. economy is approximately $59,609 versus $16,676 in China.
  19. Based on the 2017 Index of Economic Freedom Hong Kong, with its extremely low tax rates, minimal regulations on businesses, and highly capitalist system of economics, ranks as 89.8% economically free, which is the highest rating in the world. Singapore, which imposes no tariffs, and there are few restrictions on investments, ranks second and is 88.6% free. New Zealand and Switzerland are ranked in the top 4 segment, having 83.7% and 81.5% free economies, respectively. Australia, which ranks fifth as 81.0% free, has very low tariffs and strong private property rights. The U.S., featuring the world's most advanced financial markets, is 75.1% economically free as of 2017. The bottom 5 countries with little to no free market economies include North Korea, Venezuela, Cuba, Republic of Congo, and Eritrea.
  20. As of November 2016, there are around 58 million Americans collecting Social Security benefits. In 2015, 49.2 million people received Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (OASI) benefits, 10.8 million received Disability Insurance (DI) benefits, and 55.3 million were covered under Medicare.
  21. As of October 2016, the total amount of debt in the United States (government debt + business debt + consumer debt, etc.) is over $56 trillion; it was less than $2 trillion in 1970.
  22. The strong signs of economic crisis include massive layoffs; non affordable accommodation surplus; halt or cancellation of construction activities; real estate value dips; restructuring or closure of  businesses; retail, travel, hospitality and technology falling; and fall in oil prices.
  23. As of October 2016 the population of Dubai, the most populous city in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), is around 2.643 million, of which approximate 85% is Asian (chiefly Indian, Pakistani, Filipino, Bangladeshi and Sri Lankan); about 25% of the total Dubai population has Iranian origin.
  24. Norway's Government Pension Fund holding $873 billion as of June 2015 is the largest fund; its profits are from the state-owned North Sea oil drilling operation; a drop in oil prices has costed the fund billions since March 2015. 
  25. The 20 wealthiest people in the United States have more money than the poorest 152 million Americans combined.
  26. As of 12/2015 At this point 62 percent of all Americans have less than $1,000 in their savings accounts, and 21 percent of all Americans do not have a savings account at all.
  27. The S&P 500 gained 135% from March 2009 through January 2013; it gained the exact same amount from 1996 to 2000.
  28. According to a study by Harvard, 46.1% of Americans die with less than $10,000 in assets.
  29. In 2013 the U.S. economy is 2.9% larger than it was in 2008 while the U.K. economy is 3.3% smaller than it was.
  30. The current U.S. minimum wage is $7.25, which is lower than those of Canada ($9.40), United Kingdom ($10.47), Netherlands ($11.38), Ireland ($11.48), New Zealand ($11.66), Belgium ($11.90), France ($12.64), Luxembourg ($14.75), and Australia ($14.98).
  31. The European Union (EU) and Vietnam have reached a free trade agreement that will remove nearly all tariffs on goods traded between the EU and Vietnam; their annual trade is worth about $30bn. - The EU has a such free trade deal with South Korea and Singapore.
  32. Greece's GDP has shrunk by 25% in six years since 2009; the unemployment rate went from 10% in 2010 to 25% in March, 2015; the young are hit the worst, with one in two under the age of 25 having no job; and over 3% of its population (11 million) has left the country since 2010.
  33. During a global financial crisis in 2008 the U.S. Federal government bailed out $182 billion to American International Group, Inc. – also known as AIG - an American multinational insurance corporation with more than 88 million customers in 130 countries, to prevent the company's collapse. As of today it received a repaid amount of $205 billion, which is a 13 percent return on the funds it provided to AIG.
  34. During a global financial crisis in 2008 in order to prevent Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac from bankruptcy the U.S. government bailed out $187 billion to these giant mortgage companies and placed them into conservatorship of the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA). As of today the government received a repaid amount of $225 billion, which is a 20 percent return on the funds it provided to these companies.
  35. Hong Kong’s economic freedom score is 89.6, making its economy the 1st freest in the 2015 Economic Index.
  36. The United States’ economic freedom score is 76.2, making its economy the 12th freest in the 2015 Economic Index.
  37. Prior to 1970, the total amount of debt in the United States, which include government debt, business debt, consumer debt, student debt, etc, was less than $2 trillion; today it is over $56 trillion.
  38. Around 44% of American homeless people are employed.
  39. There is about 7% of all non-farm workers in the United States are self-employed.
  40. During the period of 2008 to 2012 Americans have donated $19.1 million to the U.S. Treasury to help pay down the national debt.
  41. Constituting less than 5 percent of the world's population, Americans generate and earn more than 20 percent of the world's total income. The U.S. is the world's largest national economy and leading global trader. From the 2nd quarter of 2009 to the 3rd quarter of 2014, U.S. real GDP is up 2.3% at an annual rate, and exports have contributed one-third (0.7 percentage points) to this growth. Jobs supported by U.S. exports of goods and services are up an estimated 1.6 million since 2009, to an estimated 11.3 million in 2013.
  42. In 2013 the top 10 destinations for U.S. goods exports were Canada, Mexico, China, Japan, Germany, Hong Kong, United Kingdom, South Korea, Brazil and Netherlands.
  43. In 2013 the top 10 countries that imported goods to the U.S. were China, Canada, Mexico, Japan, Germany, South Korea, Saudi Arabia, United Kingdom, France, and India.
  44. In the U.S., as of November 2012 more than 16% of the population lived in poverty, including almost 20% of American children, up from 14.3% (approximately 43.6 million) in 2009 and to its highest level since 1993.
  45. In 2011, child poverty reached record high levels, with 16.7 million children living in food insecure households, about 35% more than 2007 levels. A 2013 UNICEF report ranked the U.S. as having the second highest relative child poverty rates in the developed world.
  46. According to the World Bank, U.S. GDP accounted for 32% of all global economic activity in 2001 and dropped to 22% in 2011.
  47. According to the US Census, in 2007 5.8% of all people in married families lived in poverty, as did 26.6% of all persons in single parent households, and 19.1% of all persons living alone; more than 75% of all poor households are headed by women (2012)
  48. More than 300,000 California workers at big companies like Wal-Mart and Costco, qualify for medical, the state's health insurance for the poor.
  49. The U.S. government assistance for families whose incomes flutter just above the poverty line nearly doubled from 1983 to 2004 after taking inflation into account.
  50. In the U.S. people working in fast-food jobs are more likely to live in or near poverty, and more than half (52 percent) of the families of front-line fast-food workers. are enrolled in one or more public programs, compared to 25 percent of the workforce as a whole.
  51. The U.S. federal government runs more than 83 different welfare programs, and about 35% of the population are enrolled in at least one of them.
    52.  
  52. Since the end of the socialist economy 35 years ago, workers in China have been regarded as a source of low-cost and compliant labor for foreign investors; China's minimum wages, are now averaging more than $200 per month.
  53. The minimum wage of Bangladesh is 1,500 taka (or $19 USD) per month.
  54. More babies were born in the U.S. in 1956 than they were born in 2009, 2010, or 2011.
  55. The World Bank is an international organization that helps emerging market countries reduce poverty. It is not a bank in the ordinary sense but a unique partnership to reduce poverty and support development, instead, it consists of two development institutions. One is the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. The second is the International Development Association. The Bank's 189 member countries share ownership. The World Bank is a vital source of financial and technical assistance to developing countries around the world. It provides low-interest loans, interest-free credit and grants.  It focuses on improving education, health and infrastructure. It also uses funds to modernize a country's financial sector, agriculture and natural resources management. Established in 1944, the World Bank Group is headquartered in Washington, D.C. It has more than 10,000 employees in more than 120 offices worldwide.


Currency - Exchange Rate per U.S. Dollar



Annual Minimum Wages in U.S. Dollar



U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2024
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs		 Jan
 		 Feb
 		 Mar
 		 Apr
 		 May
 		 Jun
 		 Jul
 		 Aug
 		 Sep
 		 Oct
 		 Nov
 		 Dec
 

Unemployment Rate (1)

 3.7  3.9  3.8  3.9  4.0

4.1

  ---  ---  ---  ---  ---  ---

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

 256  236  310  108  218  206  ---  ---  ---  ---  ---  ---

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

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  34.51  34.56  34.69  34.75  34.90  35.00  ----  ----  ----  ----  ----  ----

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
  0.3  0.4  0.4  0.3  0.0  -0.1  ----  ----  ----  ----  ----  ----

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

 0.7  0.2  0.6  1.0  0.0  ----  ----  ----  ----  ----  ----  ----

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

 0.7  0.7  0.1  0.7  -0.7  -0.5  ----  ----  ----  ----  ----  ----

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.



U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2023
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs		 Jan
 		 Feb
 		 Mar
 		 Apr
 		 May
 		 Jun
 		 Jul
 		 Aug
 		 Sep
 		 Oct
 		 Nov
 		 Dec
 

Unemployment Rate (1)

 3.4  3.6  3.5  3.4  3.7

3.6

  3.5  3.8  3.8  3.9  3.7  3.7

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

 472  248  217  217  281  105  236  165  262  105  173  216

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
  33.02  33.11  33.20  33.34  33.45  33.60  33.73  33.82 33.91  34.00  34.12 34.27

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
  0.5  0.4  0.1  0.4  0.1  0.2  0.2  0.5  0.4  0.1  0.2  0.2

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

 -0.4  -0.2  -0.8  0.3  -0.4  -0.2  0.0  0.6  0.5  -0.6  -0.5  -0.7

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

 0.2  0.4  -0.4  -0.1  -2.1  -0.6  0.3  1.2 0.5  -0.9  -0.7  -0.7

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.



U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2022
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs		 Jan
 		 Feb
 		 Mar
 		 Apr
 		 May
 		 Jun
 		 Jul
 		 Aug
 		 Sep
 		 Oct
 		 Nov
 		 Dec
 

Unemployment Rate (1)

 4.0  3.8  3.6  3.6  3.6

3.6

  3.5  3.7  3.5  3.7  3.6  3.5

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

 364  904  414  254  364  370  568  252  350  324  290  239

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
  31.63  31.63  31.83  31.94  32.06  32.18  32.33  32.43  32.53  32.66  32.80 32.92

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
  0.6  0.7  1.0  0.4  0.9  1.2  0.0  0.2  0.4  0.5  0.2  0.1

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

 2.0  1.8  2.9  0.5  0.5  0.2  -1.4  -1.2  -1.0  -0.3  -0.8  -0.1

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

 2.8  3.2  3.9  1.0  2.7  1.1  -3.7  -1.4  -0.9  -0.5  -0.4  -3.2

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.



U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2021
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs		 Jan
 		 Feb
 		 Mar
 		 Apr
 		 May
 		 Jun
 		 Jul
 		 Aug
 		 Sep
 		 Oct
 		 Nov
 		 Dec
 

Unemployment Rate (1)

 6.3  6.2  6.0  6.1  5.8  5.9  5.4  5.2  4.8  4.6  4.2  3.9

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

 520  710  704  263  447  575  689  517  424  677  647  510

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
  29.93  30.04  30.06  30.20  30.36  30.52  30.67  30.76  30.92  31.11  31.23  31.40

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
  0.3  0.4  0.6  0.8  0.6  0.9  0.5  0.3  0.4  0.9  0.8  0.5

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

 1.5  1.2  1.5  0.9  1.3  1.1  0.3  -0.2  0.4  1.5 0.7  -0.2

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

 2.7  1.6  2.5  1.2  2.3  1.2  1.1  0.2  0.3  1.9  0.7  -1.6

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.



U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2020
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs		 Jan
 		 Feb
 		 Mar
 		 Apr
 		 May
 		 Jun
 		 Jul
 		 Aug
 		 Sep
 		 Oct
 		 Nov
 		 Dec
 

Unemployment Rate (1)

 3.5  3.5  4.4   14.8   13.3  11.1   10.2   8.4   7.9   6.9   6.7   6.7

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

 315  289   -1683  -20679   2833  4846   1726   1583   716  680  264   -306

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
  28.43   28.52   28.69  30.03  29.70   29.32 29.35   29.45  29.47  29.49  29.58  29.81

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
  0.2   0.1   -0.3   -0.7   -0.1   0.5   0.5   0.4  0.2  0.1   0.2   0.2

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

0.2   -0.7   -2.4   -2.6   0.7   1.3   1.2   0.9  0.2   -0.1   0.1  1.0

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

 0.6  -1.2   -1.4  -3.5   0.0  1.8  1.0   0.5  0.6   0.2   0.7  1.3

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.



U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2019
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs		 Jan
 		 Feb
 		 Mar
 		 Apr
 		 May
 		 Jun
 		 Jul
 		 Aug
 		 Sep
 		 Oct
 		 Nov
 		 Dec
 

Unemployment Rate (1)

 4.0  3.8   3.8   3.6   3.6  3.7   3.7   3.7   3.5   3.6   3.5   3.5

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

 312   56   153   216   62   178   166   219   193   152  256   145

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
  27.56   27.66   27.71   27.75   27.82   27.91 27.99   28.11  28.12  28.22  28.29  28.32

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
  0.0   0.2   0.5   0.5   0.0   0.0   0.2   0.1  0.2  0.3   0.2   0.1

Import Price Index (6)

 0.2   1.0   0.6   0.2   0.2   -1.1   0.0   -0.6   0.1   -0.4   0.1

0.3

Export Price Index (6)

 -0.6  0.6   0.7  0.1   -0.3   -0.6  0.2   -0.6   -0.3   0.0   0.2  -0.2

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.



U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2018
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs		 Jan
 		 Feb
 		 Mar
 		 Apr
 		 May
 		 Jun
 		 Jul
 		 Aug
 		 Sep
 		 Oct
 		 Nov
 		 Dec
 

Unemployment Rate (1)

 4.1  4.1  4.0  3.9  3.8 4.0  3.9  3.9  3.7  3.8  3.7  3.9

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

 171  324  155  175  268  208  165  286  119  274  176  312

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
  26.71  26.74  26.80  26.86  26.94  26.99 27.07  27.17  27.25  27.31  27.37  27.48

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
  0.4  0.2  -0.1  0.2  0.2  0.1  0.2  0.2  0.1  0.3  0.0  -0.1

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

 0.8  0.2  -0.2  0.5  0.9  0.0  -0.1  -0.4  0.1  0.5  -1.7  -1.0

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

 0.7  0.2  0.4  0.5  0.7  0.2  -0.5  -0.1  0.0  0.5  -0.8  -0.6

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.



U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2017
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs		 Jan
 		 Feb
 		 Mar
 		 Apr
 		 May
 		 Jun
 		 Jul
 		 Aug
 		 Sep
 		 Oct
 		 Nov
 		 Dec
 

Unemployment Rate (1)

 4.8  4.7  4.5  4.4  4.3  4.4  4.3  4.4  4.2  4.1  4.1  4.1

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

 252  200  73  175  155  239  190  221  14  271  216  160

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
  25.98  26.07  26.11  26.17  26.21  26.26  26.34  26.39  26.51  26.47  26.54  26.65

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
  0.4  0.0  -0.2  0.2  -0.1  0.0  0.1  0.4  0.5  0.1  0.3  0.2

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

 0.6  0.3  -0.2  0.2  -0.1  -0.2  -0.2  0.6  0.8  0.2  1.0  0.2

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

 0.2  0.3  0.1  0.2  -0.6  -0.1  0.5  0.6  0.8  0.1  0.5  0.1

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.



U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2016
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs		 Jan
 		 Feb
 		 Mar
 		 Apr
 		 May
 		 Jun
 		 Jul
 		 Aug
 		 Sep
 		 Oct
 		 Nov
 		 Dec
 

Unemployment Rate (1)

 4.9  4.9  5.0  5.0  4.7  4.9  4.9  4.9  5.0  4.9  4.6  4.7

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

 90  237  225  153  43  297  291  176  249  124  164  157

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
  25.37  25.38  25.46  25.54  25.59  25.62  25.71  25.74  25.81  25.90  25.91  25.97

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
  0.0  -0.2  0.1  0.4  0.2  0.2  0.0  0.2  0.3  0.4  0.2  0.3

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

 -1.3  -0.5  0.4  0.7  1.2  0.7  0.1  -0.2  0.1  0.5  -0.1  0.4

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

 -0.9  -0.4  -0.1  0.5  1.1  0.8  0.2  -0.8  0.3  0.2  0.1  0.4

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.


U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2015
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs		 Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

Unemployment Rate (1)

5.7 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.5 5.3 5.3 5.1 5.1 5.0 5.0 5.0

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

213 265 84 251 273 228 277 150 149 295 2580 271

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
 24.74 24.80 24.87 24.91 24.96 24.95 25.03 25.12 25.14 25.21 25.27 25.26

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
 -0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.1  -0.1

Producer Price Index (5)

-1.9 0.1 0.2 -0.6 1.7 0.7 -0.1 -0.5 -1.3 -0.3 0.1  

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

-3.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 1.1 0.1 -0.9 -1.8 -1.1 -0.3 -.06  -1.1

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

-1.7 -0.2 0.0 -0.6 0.5 -0.3 -0.4 -1.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.7  -1.1

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(5) Finished goods, 1982=100, 1-month percent change, seasonally adjusted.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.


U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2014
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs		 Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

Unemployment Rate (1)

6.6 6.7 6.6 6.2 6.3 6.1 6.2 6.1 5.9 5.7 5.8 5.6

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

177 188 225 330 236 286 249 213 250 221 423 329

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
 24.21 24.33 24.33 24.34 24.40 24.47 24.48 24.55 24.55 24.58 24.68 24.61

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.3

Producer Price Index (5)

0.6 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.8 -1.1

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

0.4 1.1 0.5 -0.6 0.3 0.3 -0.3 -0.8 -0.8 -1.4 -1.8 -2.5

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

0.3 0.8 0.9 -1.0 0.1 -0.5 0.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(5) Finished goods, 1982=100, 1-month percent change, seasonally adjusted.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.


U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2013
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs		 Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

Unemployment Rate (1)

8.0 7.7 7.5 7.6 7.5 7.5 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.0 6.7

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

195 314 115 187 219 127 164 256 150 225 317 109

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
 23.76 23.78 23.81 23.87 23.89 23.98 23.98 24.03 24.07 24.10 24.17 24.20

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
 0.1 0.6 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3

Producer Price Index (5)

0.4 0.6 -0.5 -0.7 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.6

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

0.5 0.9 -0.1 -0.7 -0.6 -0.4 0.1 0.4 0.3 -0.6 -0.9 0.1

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

0.4 0.7 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 0.4 -0.6 0.2 0.4

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(5) Finished goods, 1982=100, 1-month percent change, seasonally adjusted.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.


U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2012
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs		 Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

Unemployment Rate (1)

8.3 8.3 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.0 7.8 7.8 7.7 7.9

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

355 247 216 87 113 35 177 188 144 213 164 293

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
 23.24 23.28 23.36 23.39 23.40 23.46 23.52 23.49 23.58 23.57 23.64 23.73

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.6 0.5 0.3 -0.2 0.0

Producer Price Index (5)

0.3 0.3 0.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 0.2 1.2 1.0 0.2 -0.7 -0.1

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

0.0 0.0 1.4 -0.1 -1.5 -2.3 -0.7 1.2 1.0 0.3 -0.7 -0.6

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

0.3 0.5 0.8 0.4 -0.5 -1.7 0.4 0.9 0.8 0.1 -0.6 -0.1

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(5) Finished goods, 1982=100, 1-month percent change, seasonally adjusted.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.


U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2011
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs		 Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

Unemployment Rate (1)

9.2 9.0 9.0 9.1 9.0 9.1 9.0 9.0 9.0 8.8 8.6 8.5

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

20 167 206 321 103 185 117 128 223 183 146 226

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
 22.85 22.87 22.87 22.92 22.99 23.01 23.11 23.06 23.11 23.21 23.19 23.23

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.0

Producer Price Index (5)

0.8 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.5 -0.3 0.4 -0.1 0.8 -0.2 0.2 -0.1

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

1.5 1.7 3.0 2.6 0.1 -0.6 0.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4 0.7 0.0

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

1.3 1.3 1.5 0.8 0.4 0.1 -0.4 0.4 0.5 -2.0 0.1 -0.5

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(5) Finished goods, 1982=100, 1-month percent change, seasonally adjusted.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.


Financial Economy Outlook & Crisis
▷ Economy Discussion Forum
Discussion Forum .

▷ Financial Economy Outlook & Crisis
  1. Strong Dollar Is Good for the US But Bad for the World
  2. Dollar Dominance in the International Reserve System: An Update
  3. Dollar Dominance Monitor
  4. The Dollar: The World’s Reserve Currency
  5. Is Dollar Dominance in Doubt?
  6. The Importance of the Financial System for the Real Economy
  7. The Relationship Between Banking Concentration and Economic Growth
  8. The Relationship Between Gold Prices and Exchange Value of US Dollar in India.
  9. The Relationships Between Gold Price, Euro and U.S. Dollars.
  10. Relationship Between the Dollar, Interest Rates, and the Price of Gold.
  11. The International Role of the U.S. Dollar
  12. The Role of Financial institutions and the Economic Growth: A Literature Review
  13. The Role of Central Banks in Macroeconomic and Financial Stability
  14. The Role of Monetary Policy
  15. The Role of Digital Economy and ICT in Developing Economics of Uzbekistan
  16. The Role of Finance in the Economy: Implications for Structural Reform of the Financial Sector
  17. The Role of Education in the Production of Health: An Empirical Analysis of Smoking Behavior.
  18. Role of Financial System in Economic Development of a Country
  19. The Budget and Economic Outlook: 2022 - 2032
  20. Bridging the Gender Pay Gap: Empowering Women for Economic Equality
  21. Benchmarking Gender Gaps in 2022
  22. Gender and Income Inequality (Infographic)
  23. Gender Roles and the Gender Expectations Gap
  24. Gender Roles Produce Divergent Economic Expectations
  25. Gender Inequality and Economic Growth: Evidence from Industry-Level Data
  26. Gender Inequality as a Barrier to Economic Growth: A Review of the Theoretical Literature
  27. Gender Equality: Glossary of Terms and Concepts
  28. Gender Equality and Economic Development
  29. Gender Differences in Inflation Expectations: Recent Evidence from India
  30. Views of Gender in the U.S.
  31. Confronting the Crisis - Economic Outlook
  32. The Latest Global Economic Outlook & Conditions
  33. Investors Predict US Recession in 2023 - The Facts
  34. The Impacts of the Coronavirus on the Economy of the United States
  35. The Impact of the Financial System on Economic Growth in the Context of the Global Crisis: Empirical Evidence for the EU and OECD Countries
  36. The Impact of Government Debt on Economic Growth in Nigeria
  37. The Impact of Public Debt on Economic Growth
  38. Minimizing Debt Ceiling Crises: Principles and Practical Advice
  39. The Potential Macroeconomic Effect of Debt Ceiling Brinkmanship
  40. World Economic Situation and Prospects
  41. Understanding the National Debt and the Debt Ceiling
  42. Positive and Negative Effects of Debt
  43. Debt and Economic Growth
  44. Debt Ceiling vs Government Shutdown
  45. Debt Revenue and the Sustainability of Public Debt
  46. Debt Overhang and the Retail Apocalypse
  47. Debt and Deficits: Spending, Revenue, and Economic Growth
  48. Debt and Macroeconomic Stability: Case Studies
  49. Debt Problems and the World Macroeconomy
  50. The Debt Ceiling: An Explainer
  51. The Debt Ceiling: Economics and Politics
  52. The Real Effects of Debt
  53. The U.S. Debt Ceiling Crisis That Ended With a Whimper.
  54. U.S. Debt Ceiling: Costs and Consequences
  55. U.S. Inflation Forecast: 2022, 2023 and Long Term to 2030 - Data and Charts
  56. U.S. Economic Forecast Q1 2023
  57. The Aftermath of Debt Surges
  58. Dealing With Debt
  59. Public Debt Management
  60. Bubbles, Crashes, and Economic Growth: Theory and Evidence
  61. Performing Knowledge Economies
  62. Performing Economies
  63. Strategy in Emerging Economies
  64. Foreign Capital in a Growth Model
  65. Is Fixed Investment the Key to Economic Growth?
  66. The Nexus of Financial Development and Economic Growth Across Developing Economies
  67. Recession: Meaning in Economics With Causes
  68. Financial Failure and Depositor Quality ...
  69. The Financial Economics of Gold.
  70. Cash-Hedged Stock Returns
  71. Report on the Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households
  72. State-by-State Bankruptcy Statistics
  73. Coronavirus: A Visual Guide to the Economic Impact
  74. Discount Rates
  75. Recession in the Present Economy and Its Impact on Business Sector
  76. The Economics of Hosting the Olympic Games
  77. The Economic Impact of Counterfeiting
  78. Summary of Economic Projections
  79. Estimating Risk Free Rates
  80. Search Frictions, Labor Supply, and the Asymmetric Business Cycle
  81. Banking Sector Depth and Economic Growth Nexus: A Comparative Study between the Natural Resource-based and the Rest of the World’s Economies
  82. Analysis of the Main Theories of Interest Rates
  83. Money, Interest Rates, and Exchange Rates
  84. Monetary Policy and Economic Policy
  85. Money, Output, and Prices in the Long Run
  86. The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money
  87. Estate vs. Capital Gains Taxation: An Evaluation of Prospective Policies for Taxing Wealth at the Time of Death
  88. Firm Cyclicality and Financial Frictions
  89. Introduction to Keynesian Theory and Keynesian Economic Policies in Europe
  90. Keynes' Theory of the Interest Rate: A Critical Approach
  91. The Federal Reserve System Purposes & Functions
  92. Diversity and Labor Market Outcomes in the Economics Profession
  93. The Radius of Economic Opportunity: Evidence from Migration and Local Labor Markets
  94. An Update to the Economic Outlook: 2020 to 2030
  95. Chief Economists Outlook
  96. World Economic Outlook Update, June 2020: A Crisis Like No Other, An Uncertain Recovery
  97. Climate Change and Adaptation in Global Supply-Chain Network
  98. Current Challenges to Developing Country Debt Sustainability
  99. Delivering Digital Infrastructure Advancing the Internet Economy
  100. Foundations Digital Economy
  101. E-Commerce and Digital Economy Program - Year in Review
  102. Defining and Measuring the Digital Economy
  103. A Roadmap Toward a Common Framework for Measuring the Digital Economy
  104. Capturing the Digital Economy: A Proposed Measurement Framework and Its Applications
  105. Defining, Conceptualising and Measuring the Digital Economy: Development Informatics Working Paper
  106. The Digital Economy, Global Value Chains (GVCs) and Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)
  107. Digital Economy Policy in Developing Countries
  108. Digital Economy
  109. Digital Economy Report | UNCTAD
  110. Digital Economy Report
  111. Digital Economy as a Factor in the Technological Development of the Mineral Sector
  112. Digital Economy Outlook | OECD
  113. Digital Economy Report (2019)
  114. The Digitalization as a Global Trend and Growth Factor of the Modern Economy
  115. Digital Economy Policy in Developing Countries
  116. Digital Economy and the Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
  117. Digital Globalization: The New Era of Global Flows
  118. The Oxford Handbook of the Digital Economy
  119. Benefiting from the Digital Economy: Cambodia Policy Note
  120. Nigeria - Digital Economy Diagnostic Report
  121. Cryptoeconomics
  122. Tax and Digitalisation
  123. Analysis and Outlook of the Greek Financial Crisis
  124. An Analytical View of Crude Oil Prices and Its Impact on Indian Economy
  125. Economic Impact Analysis on National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
  126. Digital Economy: Impacts, Influences and Challenges
  127. The COVID-19 Economic Crisis: Dangerously Unique
  128. An Overview of the Economic Outlook: 2021 to 2031
  129. An Economic Approach to Price Fixing
  130. The Economics of Subsidies
  131. The Economic Importance of Financial Literacy: Theory and Evidence
  132. The Economic Impact of Pandemic Influenza in the U.S.
  133. The Economic Costs of Debt-Ceiling Brinkmanship
  134. The Economics of Cryptocurrencies - Bitcoin and Beyond.
  135. U.S. Economy: Recovery in Uncertain Times.
  136. U.S. Economy Headed for Recession by Mid-2023 ...
  137. U.S. Economic Outlook and Monetary Policy
  138. U.S. Economic Outlook for 2020 and Beyond
  139. Economic Development and the World Bank
  140. Economic Report of the U.S. President
  141. Economic Outlook Executive Summary
  142. Economic and Market Outlook
  143. Economic Inequality by Gender
  144. Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households in 2021.
  145. Economic Crisis in Europe: European Commission - Europa ...
  146. Economic Crisis, Health Systems and Health in Europe
  147. Economic and Budgetary Outlook for the European Union
  148. Economic Damages to the U.S. Beef Cattle Industry Due to COVID-19
  149. Economic Effects of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic
  150. Economic Growth: The Impact on Poverty Reduction, Inequality, Human Development and Jobs
  151. Economic Growth After Debt Surges
  152. Economic Recession and the Way-Out: Nigeria as Case
  153. Economic Indicators.
  154. Economic Calendar.
  155. Economic News Releases.
  156. Global Waves of Debt: Causes and Consequences
  157. Global Debt: Challenges and Opportunities
  158. Global Gender Gap Report 2023
  159. Global Outlook | World Bank
  160. Global Economic Outlook
  161. Global Economic Outlook: Crisis Update
  162. Global Economic Outlook | Morgan Stanley
  163. Global Economic Outlook During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Changed World | World Bank
  164. Global Economic Prospects
  165. Global Economic Effects of COVID-19 (CSR - May 2020) Report.
  166. Global Economy Watch
  167. Global Economic Forecasts Drop as Russia’s War in Ukraine Takes Toll
  168. The Global Economy Has Entered Unexplored, Dangerous Territory.
  169. The Global Economy Is in Serious Danger.
  170. The World Economy in 2020 — The IMF Gets It Mostly Right
  171. World Economic Situation and Prospects
  172. World Economic Outlook in 2019
  173. World Economic Outlook: A Long and Difficult Ascent
  174. World Economic Outlook
  175. Annual Economic Outlook
  176. Inflation Expectations Are Up, Should Investors Worry?
  177. Market Perspective: Disconnection
  178. The Financial Crisis Inquiry Report
  179. Financial Crisis 2.0?
  180. Financial Services Technology 2020 and Beyond: Embracing Disruption
  181. The European Financial Crisis | Harvard
  182. Solving the Financial and Sovereign Debt Crisis in Europe
  183. Timeline of Cyber Incidents Involving Financial Institutions
  184. World Bank Probes Possible China Data Manipulation in Report
  185. World Bank Pauses Its 'Doing Business' Report as It Probes ...
  186. Are Chinese Statistics manipulated? | World Bank.
  187. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review.
  188. Unraveling China's Capital Market Growth: A Political Economy Account.
  189. Assessing the Impact: A Cross Industry View on the Impact of COVID-19 in China
  190. Indonesia Economic Outlook
  191. Analyzing the Bitcoin Ponzi Scheme Ecosystem
  192. The Direct Economic Impact of Gold
  193. The Price of Gold and the Exchange Rates.
  194. The Gold Standard: Historical Facts and Future Prospects.
  195. The Gold-Dollar System.
  196. Gold and Silver Investment.
  197. Gold and Currencies.
  198. Oil, Gold, US Dollar and Stock Market Interdependencies.
  199. Questioning the U.S. Dollar’s Status as a Reserve Currency.
  200. The Great Lockdown: Worst Economic Downturn Since the Great Depression | IMF
  201. World Economy Outlook: The Great Lookdown (IMF Report).
  202. Does the IMF Influence Fiscal and Monetary Policy?
  203. The IMF and Economy Development
  204. European Economic Forecast Report
  205. Coronavirus: The World Economy at Risk
  206. Country Rankings: World & Global Economy Rankings
  207. The New Economy: Beyond the Hype
  208. The World's Largest Economies (2018-2022)
  209. The World's Biggest Economies in 2018
  210. The U.S. Debt by President: Why the Winner Is...Barack Obama?
  211. The U.S. Deficit by President: What Budget Deficits Hide.
  212. U.S. Economy at a Glance | U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA)
  213. Is the U.S. Retirement System: Contributing to Rising Wealth Inequality
  214. Changes in the Distribution of After-Tax Wealth: Has Income Tax Policy Increased Wealth Inequality?
  215. More and More Economic Datapoints Have Completely Erased the Financial Crisis
  216. China Financial Crisis: Dubai, World's Most Globalized City, Could Suffer Amid Chinese Economic Woes
  217. Vietnam - The Other Asian Tiger.
  218. Asia’s Next Tiger: Good Afternoon, Vietnam
  219. Fed Slashes Rate Hike Forecast on Darker Economic View.
  220. Only America Can Lead on the Changes the Global Economy Needs.
  221. Red Flag: U.S. Economy May Have Hit The Pause Button.
  222. The Panama Papers: A Torrential Leak.
  223. Many Successes in Just a Few Years: The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Turns 5.
  224. The 2015 Index of Economic Freedom.
  225. Lessons from OECD Forecasts During and After the Financial Crisis
  226. Capitalism for Everyone.
  227. We Bailed You Out, and Now You Want What!?!.
  228. American Time Use.
  229. Putin's Reaction to Sanctions Is Destroying The Economy and China Won't Help.
  230. Russia Seeks Sanctions Tit for Tat.
  231. Have You Joined the Sharing Economy?
  232. Do Not Gut Financial Reform in the Name of Helping Small Banks
  233. China's Currency Plunges, Signaling Tumbling Economy.
  234. United States Support for Economic Growth and Development in Central America
  235. Over 48 Million Americans Live in Poverty.
  236. A Different Way of Measuring Poverty
  237. The Greek Financial Crisis and the Outlook of the Greek Economy
  238. Measuring Income and Wealtha at the Top Using Administrative and Survey Data
  239. Income and Poverty in the United States in 2013
  240. The Supplemental Poverty Measure in 2013
  241. An Understanding of Debt Limit.
  242. Better Product at Same Cost, Lower Sales and Lower Welfare.
  243. State Regulation of Alcohol Distribution: The Effects of Post & Hold Laws on Consumption and Social Harms.
  244. Slow Market Adjustment to Tax Changes: Evidence from the Market for Used Wide-body Commercial Aircraft.
  245. The Impact of Vertical Contracting on Firm Behavior: Evidence from Gasoline Stations.
  246. Branding, Cannibalization, and Spatial Preemption: An Application to the Hotel Industry.
  247. Asymmetric Pass-Through in U.S. Gasoline Prices.
  248. The Missing Motivation in Macroeconomics
  249. Job Insecurity Isn’t Always Efficient.
  250. Consumer Perceptions of Heart-Health Claims for Cooking Oils and Vegetable Oil Spreads.
  251. The Effect of Hospital Mergers on Inpatient Prices: A Case Study of the New Hanover-Cape Fear Transaction.
  252. Dynamics in a Mature Industry: Entry, Exit, and Growth of Big-Box Grocery Retailers.
  253. The Success of Divestitures in Merger Enforcement: Evidence from the J&J-Pfizer Transaction.
  254. The Price Effects of Hospital Mergers: A Case Study of the Sutter-Summit Transaction.
  255. Competition, Contracts, and Innovation.
  256. The Welfare Effects of Use-or-Lose Provisions in Markets with Dominant Firms.
  257. Petroleum Mergers and Competition in the Northeast United States.
  258. Vertical Relationships and Competition in Retail Gasoline Markets
  259. Naked Exclusion by a Dominant Supplier: Exclusive Contracting and Loyalty Discounts.
  260. Edgeworth Price Cycles in Gasoline: Evidence from the U.S.
  261. Entry Threats and Pricing in the Generic Drug Industry.
  262. Local Market Structure and Strategic Organizational Form Choices.
  263. A Retrospective Analysis of the Clinical Quality Effects of the Acquisition of Highland Park Hospital by Evanston Northwestern Healthcare.
  264. Regulation and Innovation: Evidence and Policy Implications.
  265. International Trade and Investment - The Economic Rationale for Government Support.
  266. Supporting Analysis for the Higher Education.
  267. Innovation and Research Strategy for Growth.
  268. The Economics of Structured Finance.
  269. Occupational Employment Projections to 2020.
  270. Industry Employment and Output Projections to 2020.
  271. Labor Force Projections to 2020: A More Slowly Growing Workforce.
  272. The Outlook for Zimbabwe Economy
  273. Tracking the Global Financial Crisis: An Analysis of the IMF’s World Economic Outlook
  274. Lessons from OECD Forecasts During and After the Financial Crisis (2014)
  275. Assessment of Long Term Performance of Credit Rating...
  276. Are Economists Different, and If So, Why?
  277. The Accidental Theorist.
  278. Earth in the Balance Sheet.
  279. Does Studying Economics Inhibit Cooperation?
  280. Behavioral Economics: Past, Present and Future.
  281. The Economics of Fairness, Reciprocity and Altruism...
  282. Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress.
  283. Tracking the Global Financial Crisis: An Analysis of the IMF’s World Economic Outlook
  284. World Economic Outlook
  285. Reclaiming the Hidden Assets – Towards Global Freeware Index.
  286. Unraveling in Guessing Games: An Experimental Study.
  287. Theory, Experiments and Economics.
  288. Wealth Beyond GDP - Composing a National Commons Product.
  289. Choice Under Uncertainty: Problems Solved & Unsolved.
  290. The Fiscal Stimulus, Flawed but Valuable.
  291. Global Financial Crisis of 2007–2010.
  292. The Evolution of the Baby Food Industry 2000-2008.
  293. Dollar Tumbles as Huge Credit Crunch Looms.
  294. A Case for the World's First Coin: The Lydian Lion.
  295. Global Financial Meltdown and the Demise of Neoliberalism.
  296. "Liquidation" Cycles: Old Fashioned Real Business Cycle Theory and the Great Depression.
  297. Biophysical Economics.
  298. Gross Domestic Product.
  299. List of Countries by GDP (PPP) per Capita.
  300. Countries Facts, Statistics, Population - The World Factbook.
  301. The Myths About The Economic Crisis.
  302. The Theory of Reflexivity by George Soros.
  303. Capital Flight by Darryl McLeod.
  304. The Understanding of Financial Markets.
  305. Tackling the Financial and Economic Crisis.
  306. The International Gold Standard and U.S. Monetary Policy from the War World I to the New Deal.
  307. World Markets Drop Over Worries About Debt, Jobs.
  308. Economic Snapshot: July 2015.
  309. The State of the U.S. Labor Market: Pre-May 2015 Jobs Release.
  310. Real Earnings – January 2015.
  311. The Economic Outlook & the Global Financial Crisis (2009).
  312. The Financial Crisis and the Economic Outlook (2009).
  313. Economics School Rankings.
  314. Causes of the 1980s Slump in Europe.
  315. World Economic Outlook (WEO) Database.
  316. Financial Stress, Downturns, and Recoveries.
  317. World Population.
  318. Understanding of Financial Crisis.
  319. The Future of China's Yuan.
  320. Global Risks Report.
  321. A Rolling Tide: Changes in the Distribution of Wealth in the U.S., 1989-2001.
  322. Ponds and Streams: Wealth and Income in the U.S., 1989 to 2007.
  323. Work at Home.
  324. Economic Effects of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic.
  325. The Macroeconomic Costs of a Global Influenza Pandemic.
  326. Some Skeptical Observations on Real Business Cycle Theory.
  327. The Macroeconomics of the Great Depression: A Comparative Approach.
  328. Nonmonetary Effects of the Financial Crisis in the Propagation of the Great Depression.
  329. Did Negative Technology Shocks Drive the Great Depression? - An Empirical Analyses of Interwar U.S. Manufacturing.
  330. Underconsumption Theories and Keynesian Economics - Interpretations of the Great Depression.
  331. The Rise and Fall of the Gold Standard in the United States.
  332. Mathematics in Finance and Economics.
  333. The Use of Mathematics in Economics.
  334. Measuring the Economic Benefits of Mathematical Science Research in the UK
  335. The Use of Mathematics in Economics and Its Effect on ...
  336. The Use and Abuse of Mathematical Economics.
  337. Limits to the Uses of Mathematics in Economics.
  338. Mathematics in Economics.
  339. Introduction to Economics
  340. Developing Country
  341. 5 of the World’s Most Devastating Financial Crises
  342. 5 Nobel Prize-Winning Economic Theories You Should Know About.
  343. 5 Signs of a U.S. Economic Collapse in 2019
  344. 7 Questions about Greece’s Huge Crisis.
  345. 7 Key Things to Know About Greece’s Debt Crisis and What Happens Next.
  346. 10 Common Effects of Inflation
  347. 10 Best-Performing Economies in the World - Global Economy
  348. 10 Best Economies in the World
  349. 10 Top Crises the World Should Be Watching in 2021
  350. 12 Things That Will Get More Expensive in 2013.
  351. 15 Economic Facts About Millennial.
  352. 20 Worst Economies in the World
  353. 25 Top Economies in the World.
  354. 25 Best Countries in the World, Best Countries, from Quality of Life to Economic Potential
  355. 32 Most Powerful Economies in the World by 2050
  356. 50 Top Economies of the world by Gross Domestic Product

News, Info, Facts, Outlook & Analysis
  1. America's Top Trading Partners
  2. America's Number 1 Trading Partner Isn’t China Anymore as Relationship Worsens
  3. Many Experts Feared a Recession. Instead, the Economy Has Continued to Soar
  4. Ranked: Visualizing the Largest Trading Partners of the U.S.
  5. Mapped: The State of Economic Freedom in 2023
  6. Mapped: The Growth in House Prices by Country
  7. The Roots of Economic Inequality
  8. Ranked: Number of Agricultural Workers by Country
  9. Economic Inequality, an Introduction
  10. Economic and Social Inequality
  11. Economic Predictions
  12. Economic Index
  13. Economic Indicators: Overview.
  14. Economic Crisis
  15. Economic Crisis: Challenge for Economic Theory and Policy
  16. Economics vs. the Economy
  17. Economics and Business
  18. Economic Outlook for Southeast Asia, China and ...
  19. Economic Outlook for the Europe and Central Asia Region
  20. Economists: Go After Currency Manipulators in Trade Deal
  21. Economic Forecast 2018-2019: Demand Is Strong But Supply Is Weak
  22. Economy of the United States
  23. Economy of Britain
  24. Economy of France
  25. Economy of Germany
  26. Economy of Sweden.
  27. Economy of Russia
  28. Economy of Spain
  29. Economy of China
  30. Economy of Japan
  31. Economy of Vietnam
  32. Economy of Cambodia
  33. Economy of Malaysia
  34. Economy of India
  35. Economy of Mexico
  36. Economy of Brazil
  37. Economy of Argentina
  38. Economic and Political Outlook for Latin America
  39. Economic and Political Outlook for the Americas
  40. Economic Outlook: Deflationary Bust Led By China
  41. Economic Growth to Decelerate in 2019 and then Ease Further
  42. Economic Growth in East Asia | Brookings Institution
  43. Economic Development and Performance
  44. Economic Development: A Definition and Model for Investment
  45. Economics in the Time of COVID-19
  46. The Economic Significance of Natural Resources
  47. The Economic Condition of Renters in California and Beyond
  48. The Economics of Recession and Recovery
  49. The Economics of Healthcare
  50. The Economics of Health and Health Care
  51. The Economic Consequences of Hospital Admissions
  52. The Economic Consequences of the 2018 US–China Trade Conflict: A CGE Simulation Analysis
  53. The Economy Under Trump in Six Charts ...
  54. Wealth Inequality and the Racial Wealth Gap
  55. The Rise of Income and Wealth Inequality in America: Evidence from Distributional Macroeconomic Accounts
  56. Trends in U.S. Income and Wealth Inequality
  57. Views of U.S. Economic Inequality
  58. The U.S. Inequality Debate
  59. Inequality Discussion | Harvard
  60. Inequality Is Good for Society. Do You Agree?
  61. Inequality and Economic Growth
  62. Income Inequality
  63. Income Inequality Visualizations
  64. Income Inequality as a Barrier to Economic Growth in the US
  65. Essay on Economic Inequality
  66. Crisis Economics
  67. The Crisis in Economic Theory
  68. The Current Economic Crisis: Causes, Cures and Consequences
  69. The Current Economic Crisis, Its Causes, Its Impact and Possible Alternatives
  70. The Financial and Economic Crisis of 2008-2009
    71. and Developing Countries
  71. Recession - Definition, Indicators, Causes and Effects
  72. The Causes of and Responses to Today's Inflation
  73. Effects of Inflation: Positive & Negative Effects
  74. Inflation in the U.S. Economy: Causes and Policy Options
  75. Inflation: Causes, Costs, and Current Status
  76. Inflation: Causes and Effects
  77. Inflation
  78. Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 - Summary
  79. Inflation Act of 2022: Revenue and Climate Provisions
  80. Inflation and Growth Ethiopia
  81. Inflation Measured Every Day Keeps Adverse Responses Away ...
  82. The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 - A First Look at New Tax Provisions
  83. The Inflation Reduction Act Drives Significant Emissions Reductions ...
  84. Understanding of Economy.
  85. Understanding Economic Statistics
  86. Understanding US Inflation During the COVID-19 Era
  87. Understanding China-US Trade War: Causes, Economic
  88. Understanding China's Currency Manipulation
  89. Understanding of China's Economy
  90. Understanding South Africa's Economic Puzzles
  91. OMB Analysis: The Social Benefits of the Inflation Reduction Act’s Greenhouse Gas Emission Reductions
  92. Tax Provisions in the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (H.R. 5376)
  93. The Future of Inflation Part I: Will Inflation Remain High? | IMF
  94. Construction Inflation 2022 – Table and Plots
  95. Causes and Consequences of Inflation
  96. Restaurant Consumer Trends Impacted by Inflation
  97. Changes in Inflation by City in the U.S.
  98. Current US Inflation Rates: 2000-2023
  99. The Burst of High Inflation in 2021–22: How and Why Did We Get Here?
  100. Prices, the CPI, and Inflation
  101. Essential Facts About Inflation
  102. Measuring Race in US Economic Statistics: What Do We Know?
  103. Equilibrium in a Macroeconomic Model
  104. Macroeconomics: an Introduction
  105. Macroeconomics: Money Demand, Money Supply and Quantity Theory of Money
  106. Money Supply, Interest Rate, Exchange Rate and Oil Price Influence on Inflation in South Africa
  107. World Economic Outlook
  108. World Economic Outlook | IMF
  109. World Economic Outlook: Cyclical Upswing, Structural Change
  110. World Economic Outlook 2021 | IMF
  111. World Economic Outlook 2019 | IMF
  112. World Economic Outlook - October 2019 | IMF
  113. World Economic Outlook Update
  114. World Economic Outlook, January 2020
  115. World Economic Situation and Prospects as of mid-2020
  116. World Economic Situation and Prospects 2020
  117. World Economic Situation and Prospects | UN
  118. World Economic Situation & Prospects 2018 | UN
  119. Global Economic Prospects | World Bank
  120. Global Economy: Recovery, Growth and Challenges
  121. Global Economic Outlook: Crisis Update
  122. Global Economic Outlook 2020 | Davos (video)
  123. Global Financial Stability Report | IMF
  124. Fiscal Monitor | IMF
  125. Regional Economic Outlook | IMF
  126. An Overview of the Economic Outlook: 2021 to 2031
  127. An Update to the Budget Outlook: 2020 to 2030
  128. Vanguard Economic and Market Outlook for 2021: Approaching the Dawn
  129. Revival Beyond the Precipice
  130. Monthly Economic Monitor
  131. USDA Agricultural Projections to 2030
  132. Redefining Europe's Economic Sovereignty
  133. Europe After the Crisis | Princeton University
  134. The Role and Importance of Studying Economics
  135. The Nature and Importance of Economic Competence
  136. The Nature and Significance of Economic Science
  137. The Importance of Institutions to Economic Development
  138. Trump's Economy Really Was Better than Obama's | Bloomberg
  139. The Trump Economy versus the Obama Economy in 16 Charts ...
  140. Did Trump Create or Inherit the Strong Economy?
  141. The New Economic Cycle: Investing for a Post-COVID-19 World
  142. Global Economic Effects of COVID-19
  143. Securing Economic Recovery Beyond COVID‐19
  144. Global Economic Effects of COVID-19
  145. COVID and Beyond
  146. COVID Economy in the United States
  147. The COVID-19 Economic Crisis: Dangerously Unique
  148. Coronavirus: The Economic Impact
  149. The Price of the Coronavirus Pandemic
  150. Bulls, Bears, and Beyond
  151. Humans Behind Machines | Davos 2020 (video)
  152. World Economic Forum: Strategic Outlook: Africa - Davos 2020 (video)
  153. The GCC in 2020 Outlook for the Gulf and the Global Economy
  154. The Biggest Risks to the Global Economy
  155. The World's Most Valuable Brands
  156. The World in 2021 | The Economist
  157. The World's Biggest Economies
  158. The World's Largest Economies | CNN Money
  159. The World's Largest Economies (2019-2023)
  160. The World According to Robert Shiller
  161. Largest Economies in the World
  162. The Fastest Growers and Biggest Shrinkers
  163. Ranking of Biggest Economies by PPP in 2050 | PwC
  164. Basic Economic Concepts (Lecture)
  165. Basic Economic Concepts
  166. Basics, Economics Concepts Explained, Finance and ...
  167. An Overview of the Wall Street Crash.
  168. An Overview of Economics
  169. Introduction to Economics
  170. The Principles of Economics Textbook
  171. Winners of the Nobel Prize for Economics | Britannica
  172. Consumer Confidence: A Killer Statistic.
  173. Conference Board: Introduction.
  174. Capitalism 3.0.
  175. The Slave Economy
  176. Industry 4.0 and Manufacturing Ecosystems | Deloitte
  177. Emerging Countries and the Effects of the Trade War
  178. Some Economic Fundamentals for an Analysis of Bankruptcy
  179. Bankruptcy Law, Economics of Corporate and Personal
  180. The Case of Medical Bankruptcies
  181. An Economist's Perspective on Student Loans in the United States
  182. Medical Bankruptcy
  183. Sustainability - Challenges and Solutions
  184. Impact of Inflation on Economic Growth: A Survey of Literature Review
  185. Impact of Inflation on Economic Growth: A Case Study of Tanzania
  186. Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic on the World Economy
  187. Impact of Unemployment on Economic Development
  188. Impact of Inflation on Economic Growth: A Survey of Literature Review
  189. The Impact of the 2018 Trade War on US Prices and Welfare
  190. The Impact of China Devaluing the Yuan
  191. The Impact of the 9/11 Terrorist Attacks on the US Economy
  192. Changing the Culture of Economics: The 2019 Nobel Laureates
  193. The Facts of Economic Growth
  194. List of Economic Crisis
  195. List of Countries by Unemployment Rate
  196. List of Countries by GDP (Nominal)
  197. Lists of Countries by GDP.
  198. The Importance of Inflation and GDP.
  199. GDP | World Bank
  200. GDP Ranked by Country
  201. Currency Manipulation, the U.S. Economy, and the Global Economic Order
  202. Currency Wars the Great Destabilizer.
  203. Currency Manipulation and Its Impact on Free Trade
  204. Currency Manipulation and its Distortion of Free Trade
  205. Factbox: Vietnam's Power Development Plan for Cleaner Fuels
  206. Trade War: Can Vietnam Replace China as a Global ...
  207. The Story Behind Viet Nam's Miracle Growth
  208. Vietnam: Economic and Political Overview
  209. Vietnam Economy: Population, GDP, Inflation, Business ...
  210. Vietnam EV Maker VinFast Secures $2.5 Billion in Fresh Funding Pledges
  211. Vietnam's Masan to Delay The CrownX IPO, Issue up to $500 mln International Bonds
  212. Vietnam Boosts Rare Earths Output by Tenfold
  213. Vietnam Economy Remains Outperformer as Growth Tops 7% Mark
  214. Vietnam Can't Be the Next China
  215. Vietnam: Asia's Quiet Economic Achiever
  216. Vietnam's First-Ever Car Brand in the Making
  217. WEF in Vietnam: The Tiger Leaps
  218. Investing in Vietnam: Redrawing the Horizon 2021 and Beyond
  219. Preventing Currency Manipulation
  220. Alibaba Leads $400 mln Funding in Masan's Retail Firm, First Vietnam Investment
  221. The U.S. Labeled China a Currency Manipulator
  222. Chinese Currency Manipulation
  223. Is China Manipulating Its Currency?
  224. Is China a Currency Manipulator?
  225. Is China's Manipulation of Its Currency an Actionable Violation?
  226. China's Opportunities and Challenges in 2021 and Beyond
  227. China Eclipses U.S. as Biggest Trading Nation.
  228. China Brief: The State of the Economy
  229. China's Pressure Costs Vietnam $1 Billion in the South China Sea
  230. China's Currency Policy
  231. China's Currency: An Analysis of the Economic Issues
  232. China Economic Review
  233. China Economic Growth: Cause, Pros, Cons, Future
  234. China's Economic Dragon Still Roars.
  235. China's Economic and Political Outlook Under Xi Jinping
  236. Markets Shrug Off China Stimulus.
  237. Manifesto of the Communist Party.
  238. Problems Loom for the Chinese Economy
  239. Eliminating Currency Manipulation through the TPP Could Create Jobs in Every Congressional District
  240. Fed Cuts Interest Rates for 1st Time Since 2008
  241. Interest Rates Just Keep Falling. Economic Orthodoxy Is Falling With Them.
  242. AAPC USTR Submission on Japan Joining the TPP
    243. How Interest Rates Affect the U.S. Markets
  243. The Cost of Unemployment to the Economy
  244. The Effect of Unemployment on Economic Growth
  245. The Effect of Health Care Cost Growth on the U.S. Economy
  246. Bad Effects of Unemployment on Economic Growth
  247. U.S. Economic Outlook
  248. U.S. Economy Grew Modestly to Start
  249. U.S. Economic Forecast - 2019 & 2020 Predictions
  250. U.S. Economic Outlook for 2018 and Beyond
  251. U.S. Economic Growth Revised Down to 2.2% Rate (2018)
  252. U.S. Economy Seen Strong in 2018, to Slow in 2019 | CBO
  253. U.S. Economy: Facts, Definitions, Influences
  254. U.S. Economic Outlook for 2021 and Beyond
  255. U.S. Economy News | NPR
  256. U.S. Inflation Rate
  257. U.S. Trade Agreements and Currency Manipulation
  258. U.S. Consumer Price Index - September 2022
  259. U.S. Trade-Case Win Against China Contributes to Tensions.
  260. U.S. vs. China: Battle to Be the Largest Economy in the World
  261. U.S.-China Trade War and Its Global Impacts
  262. The U.S. Economy in the 1920s.
  263. ASEAN 50 Years On: Success or Failure?
  264. Global Financial Stability Report
  265. World Bank: Global Economy Is Healthy But Growth Will Slow
  266. The Transatlantic Economy
  267. Japan’s Economy Shrinks After Two-year Run of Growth
  268. Estimating the Genotypic Intelligence of Populations and Assessing the Impact of Socioeconomic Factors and Migrations.
  269. The Global Economy Looks Good for 2018 (Unless Somebody Does Something Dumb)
  270. Global Economic Outlook: Global Economics Analyst as Good as It Gets
  271. Status of the Social Security and Medicare Programs - The 2016 Summary Report and the Full Report
  272. Historical Background and Development of Social Security.
  273. Brexit Consequences: For UK, EU, and U.S. How Brexit Will Affect You.
  274. Aid to Needy Often Excludes the Poorest in America.
  275. Once More, Economy Exhibits Weakness.
  276. The Minimum Wage - What You Didn't Miss.
  277. Country Tax Rates
  278. A Cold Start for the U.S. Economy
  279. Americans on the Economy: We’re Worse off Now than Last Year
  280. The Invention of 'The Economy'.
  281. From Rich to Richer – The Rise of the Top 1%'.
  282. Consumer Sentiment in U.S. Increases on Outlook for Economy.
  283. U.S. Economy Weather Impact Narrative Getting Confusing.
  284. Occupy Was Right: Capitalism Has Failed the World.
  285. The Poor Might’ve Been Hardest Hit by the Housing Crisis, But the Rich Complain Most
  286. All Currencies Are an Inverse Pyramid Based on the Dollar.
  287. Finance and the Good Society.
  288. A Window of (Economy) Opportunity for Europe | McKinsey
  289. Stock Market Forecast 2014 Crash or Rally? Drone Wars and the Nuclear Apocalypse.
  290. American's Asleep at the Wheel Driving Into Debt Slavery
  291. Writing the "The Market for 'Lemons'": A Personal and Interpretive Essay
  292. The Positive Economics of 'Leaning In'
  293. The Price Is Wrong - Why Brazil Offers Appalling Value for Money.
  294. Capital Shortfall: A New Approach to Ranking and Regulating Systemic Risks.
  295. Explaining the World Through Macroeconomic Analysis.
  296. Dead Left
  297. Forecasts from Around the World
  298. Papua New Guinea Economic Briefing
  299. War, Terror, Catastrophe: Profiting from 'Disaster Capitalism'
  300. A Contrarian Wish List for the Economy.
  301. A Look at 30 Years of U.S. Minimum Wage [Interactive].
  302. Change in Negotiators Shakes up U.S.-China Trade Policy.
  303. America's Mid-20th-Century Infrastructure.
  304. Off the Charts: Among the Best Presidents or the Worst, in Economic Terms.
  305. The End of the World as We Know It.
  306. The Blackmailer Paradox - Game Theory and Negotiations with Arab Countries.
  307. East Asia & Pacific on the Rise
  308. United States Economy at a Glance
  309. With Unemployment Insurance, Is 99 Weeks the Magic Number?
  310. US National Debt Figure
  311. Bleakonomics
  312. Marital Status, the Safety Net and the Recession
  313. Trends and Forecasts U.S. Economy
  314. Free-Marketeering
  315. It's All a Grand Capitalist Conspiracy
  316. Generosity & Counterproductive
  317. Obama: Plan to Strengthen the Economy
  318. "Commodity Data" reported by U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
  319. Ecological Economics: Themes, Approaches, and Differences With Environmental Economics.
  320. Inside Economy
  321. Brexit and Beyond
  322. India Economy Watch
  323. Spain Economy: Facts, Population, Unemployment, GDP
  324. The Growth and Development of the Indonesian Economy
  325. Realizing Indonesia's Economic Potential
  326. Thailand Economic Monitor Reports | World Bank
  327. Thailand: Economic Outlook Report
  328. Thailand: Industrialization and Economic Catch-Up
  329. India Economy Analysis
  330. India's Great Slowdown: What Happened? What’s the Way Out?
  331. The Indian Economy Since Independence
  332. The Virtues of Investing in Transportation.
  333. East Asian and European Economic Integration.
  334. In the Shade of the Commons - Toward a Culture...
  335. Shadow Economies and Corruption all over the World.
  336. Shadow Economies of 145 Countries.
  337. Manufacturing in Africa Factors for Success
  338. The Rise of Asia and Strategic Questions for Europe
  339. The Interaction of Cultural and Economic Factors...
  340. The Macroeconomist as Scientist and Engineer.
  341. The Facts of Life & Marriage.
  342. Time Well Spent - The Declining Real Cost of Living in America.
  343. Saving Social Security: The Diamond-Orszag Plan.
  344. The Truth About Europe's Economic Problems
  345. Social Business Entrepreneurs Are the Solution.
  346. The Importance of Investment Promotion in the Poorest Countries
  347. The President's Council of Economic Advisers
  348. Deadly Flaws in Major Market Indicators.
  349. Great Depression in Australia.
  350. Great Depression in Canada.
  351. Great Depression in the United Kingdom.
  352. Great Depression in Chile.
  353. Great Depression in France.
  354. Great Depression in Latin America.
  355. Great Depression in the Netherlands.
  356. Great Depression in South Africa.
  357. Great Depression in the United States and New Deal.
  358. The Great Depression (1929-1939).
  359. Industrial Policy and Development in Ethiopia: Evolution and Present Experimentation
  360. Index of Economic Freedom.
  361. The Financial Crisis 2008 Explained in Simple Terms
  362. Comparisons Between the Great Recession and the Great Depression.
  363. The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism
  364. Stock Market Crash of 1929: Black Tuesday Cause & Effects ...
  365. Stock Market Crash of 1929: Definition, Facts, Causes, Effects.
  366. Monetary Policy and the Great Crash of 1929.
  367. 3 Strategic Options to Deal with Inflation | hbr.org
  368. 4 Ways China Influences Global Economics.
  369. 4 Major Challenges the U.S. Economy Faces.
  370. 4 Factors Supporting the Global Economy
  371. 5 Things to Know About the Chinese Economy
  372. 5 Charts Explain Vietnam's Economic Outlook | IMF
  373. 5 Economic Reports That Affect the Euro
  374. 6 Facts About Economic Inequality in the U.S.
  375. 6 Trends to Watch for 2019 Stock Market
  376. 6 Economic Facts about Health Care and Health
  377. 7 Misconceptions About the Federal Reserve.
  378. 7 Reasons Putin Won't Give Up Ukraine.
  379. 8 Things About China's Economy.
  380. 10 Facts About the Early American Economy.
  381. 10 Signs American Families are Falling Behind.
  382. 10 Top Largest Economies in the World.
  383. 10 Top Economies in the World
  384. 10 Top Great Financial Crises
  385. 11 Mind-blowing Facts About the US Economy
  386. 11 Trends Dominated Manufacturing
  387. 20 Most Influential Living Economists
  388. 20 Surprising Facts About the U.S. Economy
  389. 20 Top Economies in the World
  390. 20 Surprising Facts About the U.S. Economy
  391. 50 Economic Numbers from 2011 ...
  392. 91 Most Important Economic Charts to Watch
  393. 100 Facts About the Economy
▷ History - Guides
  1. Introduction: The Sixteen-Page Economic History of the World
  2. A Brief History of Economics
  3. History and Urban Economics
  4. The Importance of History for Economic Development
  5. US Economic Crisis: Definition, History, Warning Signs, Outlook
  6. Causes and Effects of Economic Crisis in History
  7. The Importance of History for Economic Development
  8. Economic History of the United States
  9. Economic History of Britain
  10. Economic History of Spain.
  11. Economic History of Greece and the Greek World.
  12. Economic History of the Republic of Ireland.
  13. Economic History of Italy.
  14. Economic History of Portugal.
  15. Economic History of Industrialization in Cambodia
  16. History of New Zealand § Depression.
  17. Economic and Political History of Vietnam
  18. Social Security Trust Fund: History, Solvency, How to Fix It.
  19. The History of U.S. Public Debt.
  20. History of Inflation vs. Long-Term Interest Rates
  21. Financial Crises: Lessons from History.
  22. Brief History of the Gold Standard in the United States.
  23. Coronavirus: A Visual Guide to the Economic Impact
  24. A Guide to Recession
  25. A CFO’s Recession Survival Guide
▷ How, Who, What, When, Where, Which & Why
  1. How to Use Gross National Product as an Indicator
  2. How to Find the Best Parts of the Sharing Economy.
  3. How to Stop Currency Manipulation
  4. How to Feed the World in 2050
  5. How to Survive a Recession
  6. How the Social Security Trust Fund Really Works
  7. How the Pieces Are Falling Into Place for Another Global Financial Crisis
  8. How the Economic Machine Works
  9. How the Global Urban Landscape Will Look in 2030
  10. How the Global Economy Is Changing: The New Growth Drivers
  11. How Is the US Economy Doing in 2024?
  12. How the New Geography of Talent Will Transform Human Resource Strategies
  13. How the Trump Economy Compares to Economies under ...
  14. How China’s Economic Aggression Threatens the Technologies and Intellectual Property of the U.S. and the World
  15. How China's Currency Manipulation Cheats America on Trade
  16. How China Influences the U.S. Dollar
  17. How Does China Control Exchange Rates?
  18. How Does the Trump Economy Compare to Obama’s?
  19. How Much Do Supply and Demand Drive Inflation?
  20. How Much Does the World Buy Volume and Consumption?
  21. How Will the Global Economic Order Change by 2050?
  22. How Impact of Inflation 2022 Affects Daily Life and Small Businesses
  23. How Worried Should We Be If the Debt Ceiling Isn’t Lifted?
  24. How the Coronavirus Will Destroy the Economy
  25. What Is Economics?
  26. What Is Economics? | mps-al.org
  27. What Is Economy? - Foundation for Economic Education
  28. What Is Economics All About?
  29. What Is Maccroeconomics?
  30. What Is Political Economy?
  31. What Is the World's Largest Economy?
  32. What Is a Recession?
  33. What Is a Recession and What Does It Mean for You?
  34. What Is Inflation?
  35. What is inflation: The Causes and Impact
  36. What Is the Debt Ceiling and Why Does It Matter?
  37. What Is the U.S. National Debt Ceiling?
  38. What Is the US Debt Ceiling and What Happens If It Isn’t Raised?
  39. What Is the World Bank?.
  40. What Is a Crisis and What Isn’t?
  41. What Is Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?
  42. What Is the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP)?
  43. What Is Trans-Pacific Partnership and Why Does It Matter?
  44. What Is the Difference? Evidence on the Distribution of Wealth, Health, Life Expectancy and Health Insurance Coverage.
  45. What Is Going on with the U.S. Economy?
  46. What a Depression Looks Like (Greek Style).
  47. What Caused the Stock Market Crash of 1929?.
  48. What Do We Know About Retail Gasoline Pricing?
  49. What Does Hitting the Debt Ceiling Mean for the US?
  50. What Causes a Recession?
  51. What Money Tells Us About What Makes a State a State - Outsourcing the Money Supply
  52. What the World Economic Crisis Should Teach Us
  53. When a Nobel Prize Isn’t Enough.
  54. Where the World's Richest Countries Invest.
  55. Where Is the Wealth of Nations?
  56. Where Is the ASEAN Way Leading?
  57. Which Countries Will Drive Global Growth (2016)?
  58. Who Are the Winners and Losers of Trans-Pacific Partnership Trade Deal?
  59. Who Pays the Most Income Taxes?
  60. Who Gets Unemployment Benefits
  61. Who (Trump vs. Obama) Has the Better Record on the Economy? | LA Times
  62. Why the Economy Is Roaring
  63. Why China Imports Matter to Global Economy
  64. Why a China Bubble Burst Would Be Quieter?
  65. Why Is Brazil So Expensive?
  66. Why Optimism May Be Bad News
  67. Why the Chinese Economy Impacts the U.S. So Much
  68. Why Americans Think Bush Is to Blame for the Economy.
  69. Why Is China Growing Economy So Fast?.
  70. Why Do Students Study Economics
  71. Why Is It Important to Study Economics?
  72. Why Doesn't the United States Have a European-Style
  73. Why U.S. Investors Are Concerned about China.
  74. Why Inequality Is Bad for Economic Growth.
  75. Why the Economic Crisis Is Disproportionately Affecting Marginalized Communities
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Unemployment Rate by Country (%)
(Source: World Bank)

     

    Country / Region 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013
     Afghanistan 11.7 7.2 7.3 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.7 8.4
     Albania 11.7 13.9 13.9 13.9 15.2 17.1 17.5 15.6
     Algeria 12.8 12.3 12.1 12.0 10.2 11.2 10.2 9.8
     American Samoa (U.S) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Andorra NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Anguilla (UK) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Antigua and Barbuda NA NA NA NA NA NA 11.0 11.0
     Argentina 11.7 10.0 9.5 8.7 8.4 6.9 7.0 6.6
     Armenia 20.2 17.7 17.7 18.2 18.0 18.3 17.5 16.2
     Aruba (Netherlands) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Australia 6.6 5.3 5.4 5.7 5.7 6.1 6.0 5.7
     Austria 5.8 4.6 4.8 5.5 6.0 5.7 5.6 5.3
     Azerbaijan 6.3 5.4 5.2 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.9 5.0
     Bahrain 4.1 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2
     Bangladesh 5.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.4
     Barbados 12.8 9.6 9.6 9.7 9.7 11.4 12.1 11.6
     Belarus 5.3 5.8 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.9 6.0
     Belgium 6.0 6.4 6.3 7.1 7.8 8.5 8.5 8.4
     Belize 7.8 9.5 9.4 9.0 7.9 10.0 11.6 11.7
     Bermuda NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Bhutan 3.7 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.9
     Bolivia 5.6 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.1 2.0 2.4
     Bosnia and Herzegovina 16.9 21.2 20.8 25.4 27.7 27.5 27.5 27.5
     Botswana 17.7 18.2 18.0 17.6 18.0 18.2 18.3 18.0
     Brazil 13.7 12.2 12.5 12.9 11.6 8.4 6.7 7.0
     British Virgin Is (UK) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Brunei 8.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Bulgaria 5.7 4.8 5.3 6.2 7.6 9.1 11.4 13.0
     Burma (Myanmar) 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.2 0.8 0.8 0.8
     Cambodia 0.3 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3
     Cameroon 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.7
     Canada 9.5 6.1 5.9 6.3 7.0 6.9 6.9 7.1
     Cabe Verde NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 13.1
     Cayman Islands (UK) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Central African Republic 4.3 6.5 6.5 6.4 6.6 6.8 6.9 6.9
     Chile 11.5 7.4 7.2 7.0 6.7 6.5 6.6 6.2
     China 5.0 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.6
     Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Australia) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Colombia 15.4 9.2 9.1 8.9 8.7 8.3 8.6 9.1
     Comoros 8.4 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2
     Cook Islands NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 13.1
     Costa Rica 17.1 8.2 8.1 8.2 8.6 9.0 9.1 8.8
     Croatia 7.2 NA NA 10.8 13.1 16.2 17.3 17.3
     Cuba 3.9 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.7 3.3
     Cyprus 7.2 7.9 8.1 11.0 13.0 15.0 16.0 15.9
     Czech Republic 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.9 4.0 5.0 6.1 7.0
     Denmark 5.7 4.8 5.0 5.7 6.2 6.2 6.6 7.0
     Djibouti 11.6 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.0 11.1 11.7 11.7
     Dominica NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Dominican Republic 8.9 5.8 5.8 5.8 7.3 7.6 6.7 7.4
     East Timor-Leste 5.1 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.3
     Ecuador 6.2 4.0 3.9 3.8 4.6 3.6 3.5 3.1
     Egypt 10.4 11.3 11.4 11.8 12.4 13.1 13.1 13.2
     El Salvador 7.0 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.0 4.2 3.7
     Equatorial Guinea 9.1 NA NA NA NA NA 22.3 30.0
     Estonia 6.5 5.9 5.5 5.8 6.8 6.2 7.4 8.6
     European Union 7.4 7.2 7.0 7.2 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.2
     Faroe Islands (Denmark) NA NA NA NA NA NA3.1 5.9
     Fiji 4.8 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.5 4.5 4.4
     Finland 7.8 7.3 7.8 8.6 8.8 9.4 8.7 8.2
     France 8.6 9.1 9.2 9.4 10.1 10.4 10.3 9.9
     French Polynesia (France) 13.8 12.0 12.0 12.1 12.4 12.7 13.013.2
     Gabon 20.5 19.6 19.5 19.4 19.7 20.0 19.9 20.1
     West Bank & Gaza (Palestine) 27.4 29.9 30.2 27.4 26.9 25.8 27.023.4
     Georgia 12.1 14.2 14.1 13.9 14.0 14.1 14.6 16.9
     Germany 4.3 3.2 3.4 3.7 4.1 4.6 5.0 5.2
     Ghana 4.5 6.8 6.7 6.6 6.8 6.8 6.5 6.4
     Gibraltar (UK) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Greece 16.9 18.1 19.2 21.5 23.5 24.9 26.5 27.5
     Greenland (Denmark) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Grenada NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Guam (United States) 7.5 5.9 5.6 5.2 5.4 6.9 7.611.5
     Guatemala 4.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.5 2.7 3.0
     Guernsey (UK) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Guyana 15.8 12.2 12.1 12.1 12.3 12.6 12.4 12.3
     Honduras 9.4 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.7 4.6 5.5 4.1
     Hong Kong 5.8 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.4
     Hungary 4.3 3.5 3.7 4.2 5.1 6.8 7.7 10.2
     Iceland 5.0 2.9 2.9 2.7 3.0 4.0 4.9 5.4
     India 7.1 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8
     Indonesia 4.1 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.0 4.3
     Iran 11.0 12.0 12.0 12.1 12.4 11.1 10.6 10.4
     Iraq 13.7 7.9 7.9 7.9 8.1 8.1 7.9 8.0
     Ireland 5.9 5.3 5.7 6.7 8.4 9.9 11.9 13.7
     Isle of Man NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Israel 4.6 3.9 3.9 4.2 4.8 5.2 5.9 6.2
     Italy 9.3 9.2 10.2 11.2 11.7 11.9 12.7 12.1
     Jamaica 8.4 9.5 9.4 12.7 13.2 13.5 13.7 15.3
     Japan 3.0 2.4 2.4 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.6 4.0
     Jersey (UK) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Jordan 18.5 14.9 15.0 14.9 15.3 13.1 11.9 12.6
     Kazakhstan 6.1 5.4 4.8 4.9 5.0 4.9 5.1 5.2
     Kenya 3.0 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.8
     Kiribati NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Kosovo NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Kuwait 6.8 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.9 2.7
     Kyrgyzstan 7.9 7.4 7.2 6.9 7.2 7.6 8.0 8.3
     Laos 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7
     Latvia 8.2 8.2 7.9 8.7 9.6 9.9 10.8 11.9
     Lebanon 6.6 6.2 6.2 6.1 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.4
     Lesotho 24.6 23.5 23.6 23.6 24.2 24.3 24.3 24.6
     Libya 19.4 17.3 17.3 12.2 16.2 16.1 17.1 18.3
     Liechtenstein NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Lithuania 8.4 6.6 6.0 7.1 7.9 9.1 10.7 11.8
     Luxembourg 7.0 5.4 5.5 5.5 6.3 6.7 5.9 5.8
     Macao 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.81.7 1.8
     North Macedonia 18.4 21.6 21.6 22.4 23.7 26.1 28.0 29.0
     Malaysia 4.6 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.1 2.9 3.1
     Mali 7.5 9.8 9.6 9.4 9.7 7.7 6.4 7.3
     Malta 4.1 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.7 5.4 5.8 6.4
     Marshall Islands NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Mauritania 10.7 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.4 10.8 10.1 10.0
     Mauritius 7.1 6.9 6.9 6.8 6.8 7.4 7.5 7.3
     Mayotte (France) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Mexico 4.7 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.9 4.3 4.8 4.9
     Micronesia NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Moldova 4.7 3.7 3.4 4.1 4,2 3.7 3.9 5.1
     Monaco NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Mongolia 4.3 6.4 6.3 6.4 7.2 4.9 4.8 4.2
     Montenegro 15.9 15.8 15.5 16.1 17.7 17.5 18.0 19.5
     Montserrat (UK) NA NA NA NA NA NANA 6.0
     Morocco 10.1 9.0 9.0 9.1 9.3 9.5 9.7 9.2
     Mozambique 3.4 3,2 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.2 3.2
     Namibia 20.4 23.2 23.1 23.1 23.4 20.8 18.5 19.0
     Nauru NA NA NA NA NA NA 23.0 NA
       Nepal 4.4 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5
     Netherlands 4.1 3.8 3.9 4.8 6.0 6.9 7.4 7.2
     Netherlands Antilles (Netherlands) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     New Caledonia (France) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     New Zealand 4.6 4.8 4.5 4.7 5.1 5.4 5.8 6.3
     Nicaragua 5.8 4.9 4.5 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 5.3
     Nigeria 9.0 6.1 6.0 6.0 6.2 5.3 4.4 3.7
     North Korea 2.8 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7
     Northern Mariana Islands (U.S.) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Norway 4.6 4.0 3.9 4.2 4.7 4.3 3.5 3.4
     Niue NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Pakistan 4.7 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 1.8 3.0
     Palau NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Panama 10.2 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.3 3.0 2.7 2.3
     Papua New Guinea 2.7 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7
     Paraguay 7.6 4.7 4.7 4.6 5.3 4.6 5.0 4.4
     Peru 6.2 2.9 2.8 3.5 3.5 3.0 3.0 3.2
     Philippines 3.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 3.0 3.6 3.5
     Poland 3.5 3.3 3.7 4.9 6.2 7.5 9.0 10.3
     Portugal 7.2 6.1 6.9 8.7 11.0 12.4 13.9 16.2
     Puerto Rico (US) 11.2 11.2 11.4 10.8 11.8 12.0 13.914.3
     Qatar 3.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3
     Romania 4.8 4.2 4.3 4.9 5.9 6.8 6.8 7.1
     Russia 5.7 4.5 4.7 5.2 5.6 5.6 5.2 5.5
     Saint Helena (UK) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Saint Kitts and Nevis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Saint Lucia 17.1 20.5 20.9 20.8 21.3 24.1 23.2 22.2
     Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 20.3 19.7 19.8 19.7 20.1 20.2 19.7 19.7
     San Marino NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Saudi Arabia 8.2 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.7
     Senegal 7.1 6.5 6.5 6.4 6.6 6.8 7.6 8.5
     Serbia 9.1 13.5 13.5 13.5 15.3 17.9 19.2 22.1
     Singapore 5.2 3.6 3.8 3.9 4.1 3.8 3.7 3.9
     Slovakia 6.8 6.4 6.8 8.1 9.7 11.5 13.2 14.2
     Slovenia 5.2 5.5 5.5 6.6 8.0 9.0 9.7 10.1
     South Africa 28.7 27.3 27.0 27.3 26.6 25.2 24.9 24.6
     South Korea 4.1 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.1
     Spain 15.7 14.7 15.5 17.2 19.6 22.1 24.4 26.1
     Sri Lanka 4.8 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.4 4.7 4.4 4.4
     Sudan 12.7 13.0 12.9 12.8 13.0 13.2 12.2 13.3
     Suriname 8.6 7.4 7.7 7.6 7.3 7.2 6.9 6.6
     Swaziland/Eswatini 23.0 22.9 22.5 22.3 22.7 23.6 24.5 25.4
     Sweden 8.4 6.8 6.4 6.7 7.0 7.4 7.9 8.0
      Switzerland 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.7
     Syria 9.0 8.2 8.1 8.0 8.3 8.4 8.4 8.7
     Taiwan 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.8 4.0 4.1
     Tajikistan 7.5 11.1 11.0 10.7 11.0 11.4 11.6 11.8
     Thailand 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5
     The Bahamas 14.4 11.5 11.9 12.4 12.7 12.0 13.8 16.2
     Tonga 4.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
     Trinidad and Tobago 6.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 3.0 2.2 2.2 2.5
     Tunisia 16.7 16.0 15.1 15.2 15.5 15.4 15.5 15.5
     Turkey 13.9 11.9 10.9 10.8 10.8 10.2 9.9 8.7
     Turkmenistan 4.4 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.0
     Turks and Caicos Islands NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Ukraine 9.5 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.4 9.1 9.3 7.2
     United Arab Emirates 5.0 2.6 2.6 12.5 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.3
     United Kingdom 4.3 3.8 4.0 4.3 4.8 5.3 6.1 7.5
     United States 8.3 3.7 3.9 4.4 4.9 5.3 6.2 7.4
     Uruguay 12.7 7.9 8.0 7.9 7.8 7.5 6.5 6.4
     Uzbekistan 6.0 5.5 5.2 5.0 5.2 5.2 5.1 4.9
     Vanuatu 2.0 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.7 5.5 5.9 6.0
     Venezuela 9.1 9.1 8.4 7.4 7.5 6.8 6.9 7.5
     Vietnam 2.3 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.3 1.3
     U.S. Virgin Islands (U.S) 11.8 8.4 8.4 8.5 8.7 8.9 9.29.4
     Wallis and Futuna (France) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     West Bank 27.4 29.9 30.2 27.4 26.9 25.9 27.0 23.4
     Yemen 13.4 12.8 12.9 13.2 13.5 14.0 13.5 13.5
     Zambia 12.2 7.1 7.2 7.2 7.4 7.5 7.7 7.8
     Zimbabwe 5.7 4.9 4.9 4.9 5.2 5.4 5.5 5.6

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (Nominal) (millions of $)
Country
(Selected)		 2021
 2020
 2019
 2018
 2017
  1. United States
  2. China
  3. Japan
  4. Germany
  5. France
  6. United Kingdom
  7. Brazil
  8. Russia
  9. Italy
  10. India
  11. Canada
  12. Australia
  13. Spain
  14. Mexico
  15. Korea, South
  16. Indonesia
  17. Turkey
  18. Netherlands
  19. Saudi Arabia
  20. Switzerland
  21. Iran
  22. Sweden
  23. Norway
  24. Poland
  25. Belgium
  26. Argentina
  27. Austria
  28. Thailand
  29. South Africa
  30. U.A.E
  31. Venezuela
  32. Colombia
  33. Denmark
  34. Malaysia
  35. Singapore
  36. Chile
  37. Nigeria
  38. Egypt
  39. Philippines
  40. Greece
  41. Finland
  42. Israel
  43. Pakistan
  44. Portugal
  45. Ireland
  46. Algeria
  47. Peru
  48. Kazakhstan
  49. Czech Republic
  50. Qatar
  51. Kuwait
  52. Ukraine
  53. New Zealand
  54. Romania
  55. Vietnam
  56. Iraq
  57. Bangladesh
  58. Hungary
  59. Angola
  60. Morocco
 		  $20,807,269
$14,860,775
$4,910,580
$3,780,553
$2,551,451
$2,638,296
$1,363,767
$1,464,078
$1,848,222
$2,592,583
$1,600,264
$1,334,688
$1,247,464
$1,040,372
$1,586,786
$1,088,768
$649,436
$886,339
$680,897
$707,868
$610,662
$529,054
$366,386
$580,894
$503,416
$382,760
$432,894
$509,200
$282,588
$353,899
$48,610
$264,933
$339,626
$336,330
$337,451
$245,414
$442,976
$361,875
$367,362
$194,376
$267,856
$383,425
$276,200
$221,716
$399,064
$147,323
$195,761
$165,730
$241,975
$147,791
$108,656
$142,250
$193,545
$248,624
$340,602
$178,112
$317,768
$149,939
$62,724
$112,220
 		$21,433,226
$14,342,903
$5,081,770
$3,861,124
$2,715,518
$2,829,108
$1,839,758
$1,699,877
$2,003,576
$2,868,929
$1,736,426
$1,396,567
$1,393,491
$1,268,871
$1,646,739
$1,119,191
$761,425
$907,051
$792,967
$703,082
$603,779
$530,884
$403,336
$595,858
$533,097
$445,445
$445,075
$543,549
$351,432
$421,142
$134,960
$323,616
$350,104
$364,681
$372,063
$282,318
$448,120
$303,092
$376,796
$209,853
$269,296
$394,652
$278,222
$238,785
$388,699
$171,091
$226,848
$181,666
$250,681
$175,838
$134,629
$153,781
$206,929
$250,077
$261,921
$234,094
$302,571
$163,469
$88,816
$119,700
 		$20,494,050
$13,841,901
$4,971,929
$4,000,386
$2,775,252
$2,828,644
$1,868,184
$1,630,659
$2,072,201
$2,716,746
$1,711,387
$1,418,275
$1,425,865
$1,223,359
$1,619,424
$1,022,454
$766,428
$912,899
$782,483
$700,000
$452,275
$551,135
$434,937
$586,015
$533,153
$518,092
$457,637
$487,239
$368,135
$424,635
$98,468
$333,114
$350,874
$354,348
$361,109
$298,172
$397,270
$249,559
$330,846
$219,097
$275,321
$369,843
$312,570
$238,510
$372,695
$180,441
$225,203
$170,539
$242,052
$192,450
$141,050
$124,603
$203,404
$239,851
$241,272
$226,070
$287,630
$155,703
$121.693
$118,309
 		$19,485,400
$12,062,281
$4,859,951
$3,700,613
$2,587,682
$2,639,974
$2,053,208
$1,578,417
$1,946,888
$2,652,245
$1,650,187
$1,386,357
$1,316,951
$1,158,229
$1,530,751
$1,015,292
$851,521
$832,239
$688,586
$676,000
$430,709
$535,607
$399,489
$526,594
$495,757
$642,928
$417,672
$455,322
$349,433
$382,575
$143,841
$311,796
$329,866
$314,708
$336,679
$277,668
$376,361
$236,528
$313,595
$203,493
$252,809
$353,268
$304,952
$219,748
$331,597
$167,555
$214,128
$162,887
$215,914
$166,929
$119,533
$112,125
$200,317
$211,407
$220,376
$193,521
$262,077
$139,761
$122,124
$109,824

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (millions of $)
Country
(Selected)		 2016
 2015
 2014
 2013
 2012
  1. United States
  2. China
  3. Japan
  4. Germany
  5. France
  6. United Kingdom
  7. Brazil
  8. Russia
  9. Italy
  10. India
  11. Canada
  12. Australia
  13. Spain
  14. Mexico
  15. Korea, South
  16. Indonesia
  17. Turkey
  18. Netherlands
  19. Saudi Arabia
  20. Switzerland
  21. Iran
  22. Sweden
  23. Norway
  24. Poland
  25. Belgium
  26. Argentina
  27. Austria
  28. Thailand
  29. South Africa
  30. U.A.E
  31. Venezuela
  32. Colombia
  33. Denmark
  34. Malaysia
  35. Singapore
  36. Chile
  37. Nigeria
  38. Egypt
  39. Philippines
  40. Greece
  41. Finland
  42. Israel
  43. Pakistan
  44. Portugal
  45. Ireland
  46. Algeria
  47. Peru
  48. Kazakhstan
  49. Czech Republic
  50. Qatar
  51. Kuwait
  52. Ukraine
  53. New Zealand
  54. Romania
  55. Vietnam
  56. Iraq
  57. Bangladesh
  58. Hungary
  59. Angola
  60. Morocco
 		$18,624,450
$11,221,836
$4,949,272
$3,479,232
$2,466,472
$2,660,687
$1,793,066
$1,283,286
$1,860,152
$2,273,556
$1,535,768
$1,264,944
$1,237,766
$1,076,914
$1,411,042
$932,445
$863,390
$777,548
$644,935
$640,765
$404,447
$514,460
$371,064
$471,216
$468,148
$554,107
$390,961
$411,847
$295,678
$348,743
$236,116
$279,987
$306,900
$296,536
$296,966
$250,008
$405,442
$332,484
$304,906
$192,770
$238,776
$351,748
$278,592
$205,269
$304,499
$159,049
$195,432
$133,668
$195,305
$152,469
$110,873
$93,263
$185,380
$187,807
$201,309
$171,716
$235,623
$129,144
$95,337
$103,607
 		$18,120,700
$11,226,186
$4,379,868
$3,377,310
$2,434,787
$2,863,304
$1,801,482
$1,365,865
$1,825,820
$2,089,867
$1,552,808
$1,229,938
$1,193,556
$1,152,266
$1,382,764
$861,143
$859,449
$758,381
$654,270
$575,000
$375,404
$495,694
$386,579
$477,328
$455,219
$631,621
$377,157
$399,205
$314,732
$357,949
$260,089
$291,530
$301,308
$296,434
$296,835
$242,537
$493,841
$332,075
$292,774
$194,958
$232,556
$375,094
$271,050
$199,182
$290,241
$164,779
$192,391
$184,388
$186,830
$164,641
$114,079
$90,939
$173,347
$177,524
$191,288
$179,838
$208,695
$121,660
$102,962
$100,593
 		$17,393,100
$10,534,526
$4,848,733
$3,885,440
$2,843,673
$3,002,394
$2,456,054
$2,063,663
$2,155,153
$2,033,652
$1,792,883
$1,449,336
$1,378,042
$1,298,404
$1,411,334
$891,051
$934,072
$881,033
$756,350
$561,000
$414,965
$573,818
$498,340
$545,053
$532,607
$563,614
$439,073
$406,521
$351,571
$401,958
$215,296
$378,323
$352,297
$338,073
$308,155
$260,954
$568,496
$305,567
$284,829
$236,455
$273,042
$354,767
$244,361
$229,995
$255,896
$213,518
$203,021
$221,416
$207,818
$206,225
$162,695
$132,343
$199,028
$199,543
$185,759
$255,534
$183,966
$139,295
$126,777
$109,881
 		$16,691,500
$9,635,025
$5,155,716
$3,753,687
$2,809,390
$2,721,489
$2,471,718
$2,230,624
$2,131,157
$1,857,237
$1,842,627
$1,509,639
$1,362,202
$1,261,983
$1,305,605
$916,646
$950,328
$866,951
$746,647
$551,000
$379,436
$578,742
$522,746
$524,382
$520,254
$611,471
$428,382
$420,529
$367,772
$388,598
$228,017
$380,170
$343,584
$323,276
$302,511
$278,340
$514,965
$288,007
$271,836
$239,937
$270,065
$327,318
$231,218
$226,144
$238,991
$209,703
$197,866
$236,635
$209,402
$198,728
$174,179
$179,572
$186,810
$191,560
$170,444
$234,638
$161,297
$134,680
$124,912
$106,826
 		$16,155,250
$8,570,348
$6,203,213
$3,545,946
$2,682,901
$2,655,458
$2,464,053
$2,170,145
$2,073,971
$1,828,120
$1,824,289
$1,561,052
$1,336,685
$1,186,602
$1,222,807
$919,002
$873,696
$829,406
$735,975
$452,000
$382,017
$543,881
$509,705
$500,836
$498,160
$579,666
$407,677
$397,560
$396,346
$373,432
$331,457
$369,430
$327,149
$314,443
$289,168
$267,026
$460,952
$278,769
$250,092
$245,807
$256,849
$303,640
$224,384
$216,488
$225,799
$209,005
$189,024
$207,999
$207,376
$186,834
$174,066
$175,707
$175,062
$171,662
$155,483
$218,032
$141,705
$127,321
$115,342
$98,266

Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) per Capita &
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (in USD) (2012)
Country
(Top 60)		 World Bank
(PPP in $)		 IMF
(PPP in $)		 CIA
(PPP in $)		 GDP
(Millions of $)
  1. United States
  2. China
  3. Japan
  4. Germany
  5. France
  6. United Kingdom
  7. Brazil
  8. Russia
  9. Italy
  10. India
  11. Canada
  12. Australia
  13. Spain
  14. Mexico
  15. Korea, South
  16. Indonesia
  17. Turkey
  18. Netherlands
  19. Saudi Arabia
  20. Switzerland
  21. Iran
  22. Sweden
  23. Norway
  24. Poland
  25. Belgium
  26. Argentina
  27. Austria
  28. Thailand
  29. South Africa
  30. U.A.E
  31. Venezuela
  32. Colombia
  33. Denmark
  34. Malaysia
  35. Singapore
  36. Chile
  37. Nigeria
  38. Egypt
  39. Philippines
  40. Greece
  41. Finland
  42. Israel
  43. Pakistan
  44. Portugal
  45. Ireland
  46. Algeria
  47. Peru
  48. Kazakhstan
  49. Czech Republic
  50. Qatar
  51. Kuwait
  52. Ukraine
  53. New Zealand
  54. Romania
  55. Vietnam
  56. Iraq
  57. Bangladesh
  58. Hungary
  59. Angola
  60. Morocco
 		$49,965
$9,233
$35,178
$40,901
$36,104
$36,901
$11,909
$23,501
$33,111
$3,876
$42,533
$44,598
$32,682
$16,731
$30,801
$4,956
$18,348
$43,198
$31,729
$53,367
$11,395
$43,180
$65,640
$22,162
$39,788
$12,034
$44,208
$9,820
$11,440
$42,080
$13,485
$10,583
$42,086
$17,143
$61,803
$22,352
$2,661
$6,724
$4,410
$25,331
$38,655
$31,869
$2,891
$25,411
$43,592
$8,515
$10,932
$13,917
$26,590
$83,460
$45,455
$7,421
$32,219
$16,518
$3,635
$4,246
$1,883
$22,119
$6,105
$5,192
 		$51,714
$9,055
$35,885
$38,666
$35,292
$36,569
$11,747
$17,518
$29,812
$3,843
$42,317
$41,954
$30,058
$15,363
$31,950
$4,923
$14,812
$41,527
$30,477
$44,864
$12,986
$40,304
$54,397
$20,562
$37,459
$17,917
$41,908
$9,503
$11,281
$29,176
$13,480
$10,671
$37,324
$16,794
$60,799
$18,211
$2,697
$6,474
$4,380
$24,260
$35,771
$33,878
$3,056
$23,047
$40,716
$7,268
$10,596
$13,526
$27,000
$100,889
$39,874
$7,295
$29,481
$12,722
$3,788
$7,004
$1,963
$19,497
$6,092
$5,193
 		$50,700
$9,300
$36,900
$39,700
$36,100
$37,500
$12,100
$18,000
$30,600
$3,900
$43,400
$43,300
$31,100
$15,600
$32,800
$5,100
$42,900
$49,965
$31,800
$46,200
$13,300
$41,900
$55,900
$20,900
$38,500
$18,400
$43,100
$10,300
$11,600
$49,800
$13,800
$11,000
$38,300
$17,200
$61,400
$18,700
$2,800
$6,700
$4,500
$24,900
$37,000
$32,800
$2,900
$23,800
$42,600
$7,600
$10,900
$14,100
$27,600
$103,900
$40,500
$7,500
$30,200
$13,000
$3,600
$7,200
$2,100
$20,000
$6,500
$5,400
 		$16,244,600
$8,358,400
$5,960,180
$3,425,956
$2,611,221
$2,417,600
$2,254,109
$2,029,812
$2,013,392
$1,875,213
$1,821,445
$1,564,419
$1,322,126
$1,183,655
$1,129,598
$878,043
$788,299
$770,067
$711,050
$631,183
$551,588
$523,804
$499,667
$489,852
$483,402
$477,028
$394,458
$385,694
$384,313
$383,799
$369,813
$314,889
$304,726
$276,520
$268,314
$262,545
$254,671
$250,182
$248,941
$247,389
$241,069
$215,117
$212,139
$210,638
$207,021
$204,681
$202,656
$196,446
$192,402
$192,402
$183,219
$176,309
$171,256
$169,396
$155,820
$149,370
$127,195
$124,600
$116,308
$95,992

U.S. Economy Index
 (Sources: Brookings; bea.gov)

2009       2010       2011      
General Welfare Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
GDP Growth (%) -6.4 -0.7 2.2 5.6 3.2 - 2.5 2.3 0.4 1.3 1.8 2.8
Unemployment Rate (%) - Monthly 8.2 9.3 9.7 10 9.7 9.6 9.6 9.6 9 9 9.1 8.7
Inflation Rate (%) - Monthly -2.2 1.9 3.7 2.6 1.5 2.4 1.4 2.6 5.2 4.1 3.1 3.1
Personal Income (%) - Detail           2.3 1.5 1.2 0.6 -1.7 -1.2
Consumer Spending (%) - Detail 0.6 -0.9 2.8 1.6 3.6 2.5 2.6 3.6 2.1 0.7 1.7 2
Export (%) -29.9 -4.1 17.8 22.8 5.8 - 19.3 17.4 18 17.5 17.4 17.5
Import (%) -36.4 -14.7 21.3 15.8 8.9 - 23.7 15.7 18.7 16.5 13.9 14
Oil Price per Barrel ($) - Monthly 34.74 51.81 59.98 67.73 70.26 69.89 75.14 90.61 110.83 107.82 103.17 99
Interest Rate: 30-Year Mortgage (%) 5.00 5.42 5.06 4.93 4.97 - 4.4 4.7 4.8 4.5 4.1 4
Supply of New Homes in Month (%)           8.5 7.9 7.3 6.6 6.6 6.1
Home Price Change (%) -20.9 -9.5 8.8 3.4 2.1 - - - - - - -
Dow Jones Industrial Average 7609 8447 9712 10428 10857 - - 11578 12320 12414 10913 12218
Yield On Investment-Grade Bonds % 8.42 7.50 6.31 6.37 6.27 - - - - - - -
Interest Rate: 10-Yr Treasury Bonds 2.28 3.72 3.40 3.59 3.73 - - - - - - -
Foreclosure Rate - All Loans (%) 1.4 1.4       - - - - - - -
FDIC Bank Failures 21 24 50 45 41 - - - - - - -
Outstanding Consumer Credit (%) -3.9 -4.8 -3.1 -6.1 0.4 - - - - - - -
U.S. Combat Fatalities 83 101 158 76 79 - 176 141 87 156 158 70
Approval Rating of The President % 63 63 54 51 49 47 45 46 48 47 42 42
Approval Rating of Congress (%) 30 35 31 24 19 18 19 17 20 19 15 12

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