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This Month in History

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1 2001 – Same-sex marriage becomes legal in the Netherlands, the first contemporary country to allow it.
1976 - Apple Inc. is founded by college dropouts Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak.
1972 - President Nixon orders mining of North Vietnam ports and heavy bombing of Hanoi-Haiphong area.
1970 - President Nixon signs laws banning cigarette ads on TV and radio
1954 - President Dwight D. Eisenhower authorizes the creation of the U.S. Air Force Academy in Colorado.
1935 - First metal radio tube
1924 - Adolf Hitler is sentenced to 5 years imprisonment for his participation in the "Beer Hall Putsch" but spends only 9 months in jail.
1924 - Royal Canadian Air Force is formed.
1918 - British Royal Air Force (RAF) is formed
1867 - Singapore becomes a British crown colony
1864 - First travel insurance policy sold
1789 - Pennsylvania Representative Frederick A. C. Muhlenberg is elected as the first U.S. House Speaker
2 2015 - Gunmen attack in Kenya, killing at least 148 people and wounding 79 others.
2005 - Pope John Paul II dies
1992 - Space Shuttle STS-45 (Atlantis 11) lands
1987 - IBM introduces PS/2 & OS/2
1982 - Argentina invades the Falklands Islands
1979 - Anthrax poisoning kills 62 in Russia
1966 - Soviet Union's Luna 10 becomes 1st spacecraft to orbit Moon
1917 - President Woodrow Wilson appears before Congress to ask for a declaration of war against Germany
1917 - Jeannette Pickering Rankin, the first elected congresswoman, takes her seat in the U.S. Capitol as a representative from Montana
1902 - First movie theater opens
1875 - Walter Percy Chrysler, the founder of the Chrysler Corporation, is born in Wamego, Kansas
1513 - Ponce de Leon discovers Florida (the present-day St. Augustine)
3 2016 - The Panama Papers, a leak of legal documents, reveals information on 214,488 offshore companies.
2010 - Apple Inc. released the first generation iPad, a tablet computer.
1996 - Ronald H. Brown, the U.S. secretary of commerce and 32 other Americans, are killed in plane crash.
1996 - Unabomber arrested
1973 - Martin Cooper of Motorola makes the first handheld mobile phone call to Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs.
1948 - President Truman signs Foreign Assistance Act of 1948 (Marshall Plan), providing over $12B of assistance to aid in the economic recovery of Western Europe.
1922 - Joseph Stalin becomes the first General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
1885 - Daimler's engine patent is granted
1865 - Richmond, VA, the Confederate capital, is captured
1860 - Pony Express (Mail) debuts
4 1997 - DMSP Titan 2 launched and STS 83 (Columbia 22), launch
1996 - Jaguar introduces convertible
1983 - Space Shuttle Challenger makes its maiden voyage into space
1979 - Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto of Pakistan is executed.
1975 - A U.S. Air Force Lockheed C-5A Galaxy transporting orphans crashes near Saigon, South Vietnam shortly after takeoff, killing 172 people.
1975 - Microsoft Inc. is founded as a partnership between Bill Gates and Paul Allen in Albuquerque, New Mexico
1969 - Dr. Denton Cooley implants the first temporary artificial heart.
1968 - Martin Luther King Jr. is assassinated
1968 - NASA launches Apollo 6
1949 - NATO is established
1912 - China proclaimed in Tibet
1905 - Earthquake in Kangra India, kills 20,000
1873 - The Kennel Club is founded, the oldest and first official registry of purebred dogs in the world
1850 - Los Angeles is incorporated as a city. 1841 - President Harrison dies after one month in office
5 2008 - Actor Charlton Heston dies
1998 - In Japan, the Akashi Kaikyō Bridge opens to traffic, becoming the longest bridge span in the world.
1992 - Over 500,000 people march in Washington DC to support abortion rights for women
1992 - Peruvian President Alberto Fujimori suspends the constitution and dissolves Congress
1991 - NASA launches Space Shuttle STS 37 (Atlantis 8)
1976 - Howard Hughes dies
1969 - Over 100,000 antiwar demonstrators march in New York City to demand the United States withdraw from Vietnam
1955 - Winston Churchill retires as prime minister of Great Britain
1951 - Julius and Ethel Rosenberg are sentenced to death for passing atomic secrets to the Soviets.
1922 - The American Birth Control League, forerunner of Planned Parenthood, is incorporated.
1792 - Washington exercises first presidential veto
6 2009 - At least 300 people die after a magnitude 6.9 earthquake strikes L'Aquila, Italy.
2005 - Kurdish leader Jalal Talabani becomes Iraqi president
1998 - Nuclear weapons testing: Pakistan tests medium-range missiles capable of reaching India.
1992 - The Bosnian War begins.
1973 - NASA launches Pioneer 11 spacecraft
1965 - Intelsat launches Early Bird, the first commercial communications satellite to be placed in geosynchronous orbit.
1941 - Germany invades Yugoslavia and Greece
1917 - The US enters World War I, declares war on Germany
1841 - President John Tyler is sworn in to become the 10th U.S. president, 2 days after President upon William Henry Harrison's death.
1830 - Mor Church established
7 2009 - Former Peruvian President Alberto Fujimori is sentenced to 25 years in prison for ordering killings and kidnappings by security forces.
2005 - Shiite Arab Ibrahim al-Jaafari is named Iraqi premier.
2003 - U.S. troops capture Baghdad; Saddam Hussein's regime falls two days later.
2001 - NASA luaches Mars Odyssey.
1994 - Rwandan genocide: Massacres of Tutsis begin in Kigali, Rwanda.
1978 - Development of the neutron bomb is canceled by President Jimmy Carter.
1964 - IBM announces the System/360
1963 - A new Yugoslav constitution proclaims Tito the president for life
1955 - Winston Churchill resigns as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom amid indications of failing health.
1953 - Hjalmar Hammarskjold, a former prime minister of Sweden, is elected secretary-general of the United Nations
1947 - Henry Ford, the founder of Ford Motor Company, dies
1945 - Japanese battleship Yamatois k by Allied forces
1939 - Italy invades Albania
1776 - U.S. Navy captures the first British warship HMS Edward off the coast of Virginia.
8 2013 - Margaret Thatcher, the first female prime minister of the United Kingdom, dies
2008 - The construction of the world's first skyscraper to integrate wind turbines is completed in Bahrain
1992 - Retired tennis star Arthur Ashe announces that he has AIDS, acquired from blood transfusions during one of his two heart surgeries.
1986 - Clint Eastwood elected mayor
1945 - Defiant theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer is hanged
1935 - President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs Emergency Relief Appropriation Act
1911 - Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes discovers superconductivity
1899 - The first woman is executed in the electric chair
563 BC - Buddhists celebrate birth of Gautama Buddha
9 1991 - Georgia declares independence from the Soviet Union.
1969 - The first British-built Concorde 002 makes its maiden flight from Filton to RAF Fairford
1967 - The first Boeing 737 (a 100 series) makes its maiden flight.
1965 - Astrodome opens; first indoor baseball game is played.
1959 - NASA introduces Scott Carpenter, L. Gordon Cooper Jr., John H. Glenn Jr., Virgil “Gus” Grissom, Walter Schirra Jr., Alan Shepard Jr., and Donald Slayton, as the first American astronauts
1942 - U.S. surrenders in Bataan
1940 - Germany invades Norway and Denmark
1865 - Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrenders his army to Union General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House, Virginia
1413 - Henry V is crowned King of England
10 2019 - Scientists from the Event Horizon Telescope project announce the first ever image of a black hole, located in the centre of the M87 galaxy.
2010 - Polish Air Force Tu-154M crashes near Smolensk, Russia, killing 96 people, including Polish President Lech Kaczyński, his wife, and dozens of other senior officials and dignitaries.
1972 - American B-52 bombers begin bombing North Vietnam for the first time since November 1967
1972 - Fiat executive Oberdan Sallustro is executed by Argentine Communist guerrillas
1963 - The USS Thresher, an atomic submarine, sinks in the Atlantic Ocean, killing entire 129 crew members
1941 - German and Italian invaders of Yugoslavia set up the Independent State of Croatia (also including Bosnia and Herzegovina)
1933 - President Franklin D. Roosevelt establishes the Civilian Conservation Corps
1919 - Emiliano Zapata, a leader of peasants and indigenous people during the Mexican Revolution, is killed in Morelos by government forces
1912 - RMS Titanic sets sail from Southampton, England on her maiden and only voyage.
11 2018 - An Ilyushin Il-76, which was owned and operated by the Algerian Air Force, crashes near Boufarik, killing 257.
1988 - Actress and singer Cher wins Best Actress Oscar for for her performance in Moonstruck
1976 - The Apple I computer is created
1970 - Apollo 13, the 3rd lunar landing mission, is successfully launched to moon
1961 - The trial of Adolf Eichmann begins in Jerusalem
1957 - United Kingdom agrees to Singaporean self-rule
1951 - President Harry S. Truman relieves General Douglas MacArthur of command of the US forces in Korea
1919 - International Labor Organization is founded in Paris, France
1909 - The city of Tel Aviv is founded
1814 - Napoleon exiles to Elba
1803 - French Foreign Minister Charles Maurice de Talleyrand makes an offer to sell Louisiana (state) to the U.S.
12 2009 - Zimbabwe officially abandons the Zimbabwean dollar as its official currency.
1999 - President Bill Clinton is cited for contempt of court for giving "intentionally false statements" in a civil lawsuit; he is later fined and disbarred.
1981 - The space shuttle Columbia is launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida, becoming the first reusable manned spacecraft to travel into space
1980 - Transbrasil Flight 303, a Boeing 727, crashes on approach to Hercílio Luz International Airport, in Florianópolis, Brazil, killing 54 out of the 58 people on board
1975 - As the communist Khmer Rouge forces make the final assault on Phnom Penh, U.S. Embassy in Cambodia is evacuated
1970 - Soviet submarine K-8, carrying four nuclear torpedoes, sinks in the Bay of Biscay four days after a fire on board.
1961 - Cosaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin becomes the first human being to travel into space
1945 - President Franklin D. Roosevelt dies after four momentous terms in office
1914 - The Mark Strand Theatre, the first public movie “palace”, opens in New York City.
1861 - The Civil War begins
1633 - Galileo is convicted of heresy
13 2017 - The US drops the largest ever non-nuclear weapon on Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan
1997 - Tiger Woods wins first major golf tournament
1990 - Soviets admit to Katyn Massacre of World War II, nearly 5,000 Polish military officers were killed
1976 - The US Treasury Department reintroduces the two-dollar bill as a Federal Reserve Note on Thomas Jefferson's 233rd birthday
1970 - Apollo 13's oxygen tank is exploded
1964 - Sydney Poitier becomes the first African American to win the Academy Award for Best Actor
1960 - The United States launches Transit 1-B, the world's first satellite navigation system.
1943 - The Jefferson Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C., on the 200th anniversary of President Thomas Jefferson's birth.
1918 - Germany invades Helsinki, Finland.
1870 - The New York City Metropolitan Museum of Art is founded.
1743 - President Jefferson is born in Virginia.
14 2010 - At least 2,700 people die after a magnitude 6.9 earthquake strikes western China's Qinghai province. 1988 - Soviets troops withdraw from Afghanistan
1986 - The U.S. launches air strikes against Libya
1956 - First video camera for sound and pictures is produced
1927 - The first Volvo car premieres in Gothenburg, Sweden. 1909 - A massacre is organized by the Ottoman Empire against the Armenian population of Cilicia.
1894 - The first ever commercial motion picture house opens in New York City, using ten Kinetoscopes, a device for peep-show viewing of films
1865 - President Abraham Lincoln is shot by Confederate sympathizer John Wilkes Booth at a play at Ford’s Theater, seven blocks from the White House, Washington, D.C.; Lincoln lives till the following day.
1818 - Webster’s American Dictionary of the English Language is printed
15 2019 - The cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris in France is seriously damaged by a large fire
2013 - Two bombs go off near the finish line of the Boston Marathon, killing 3 spectators and wounding more than 260 people
2002 - Air China Flight 129 crashes on approach to Gimhae International Airport in South Korea, killing 129 people
1998 - Pol Pot, the architect of Cambodia’s killing fields, dies
1967 - Massive antiwar protests are held in New York and San Francisco
1959 - Castro visits the United States
1952 - First flight of the Boeing B-52 Stratofortress.
1924 - Rand McNally publishes its first road atlas
1912 - Titanic sinks
1892 - The General Electric Company is formed.
1865 - President Lincoln dies from an assassin’s bullet
1861 - President Abraham Lincoln calls for 75,000 Volunteers to quell the insurrection that soon became the American Civil War.
16 2014 - The South Korean ferry MV Sewol capsizes and sinks near Jindo Island, killing 304 passengers and crew.
2007 - Virginia Tech shooting: Seung-Hui Cho guns down 32 people and injures 17 before committing suicide.
1972 - Apollo 16, the 5th of six U.S. lunar landing missions, is successfully launched to the moon
1945 - More than 7,000 die when the German refugee ship Goya is sunk by a Soviet submarine
1943 - Albert Hofmann accidentally discovers the hallucinogenic effects of the research drug Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) used mainly as a recreational drug or for spiritual reasons.
1917 - Lenin, leader of the revolutionary Bolshevik Party, returns to Russia from exile
1912 - Harriet Quimby becomes the first woman to fly an airplane across the English Channel
1910 - The oldest existing indoor ice hockey arena still used for the sport in the 21st century, Boston Arena, opens for the first time.
1908 - Natural Bridges National Monument is established in Utah.
1897 - Frederick William Winterbotham, one of Britain's top code breakers, is born
1889 - Actor Charlie Chaplin is born in London, England
1787 - First American playwright produced
17 2014 - NASA's Kepler space telescope confirms the discovery of the first Earth-size planet in the habitable zoneof another star.
1975 - Cambodia falls to the Khmer Rouge
1971 - The Provisional Government of Bangladesh is formed.
1970 - Apollo 13 returns to Earth
1964 - Ford Mustang, a two-seat, mid-engine sports car, debuts at World’s Fair in Flushing Meadows, New York
1961 - The Bay of Pigs invasion begins
1946 - The last French troops are withdrawn from Syria
1945 - Americans seize 1,100 tons of uranium in Germany
1945 - Historian Tran Trong Kim is appointed the Prime Minister of the Empire of Vietnam
1941 - Yugoslavia surrenders to Germany (300,000 Yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner, only 200 Germans died)
1815 - Heavy eruptions of the Tambora volcano in Indonesia kills 80,000 people
1790 - Benjamin Franklin dies in Philadelphia at age 84
18 2020 - Coronavirus Pandemic: Europe surpasses 100,000 COVID-19 deaths.
2018 - King Mswati III of Swaziland announces that his country's name will change to Eswatini
1989 - Thousands of Chinese students protest against government in Beijing, China
1983 - Suicide bomber destroys U.S. embassy in Beirut, killing 63 people, including 17 Americans
1954 - Gamal Abdel Nasser seizes power in Egypt
1949 - The Republic of Ireland Act comes into effect, declaring Ireland may be officially described as the Republic of Ireland
1909 - Joan of Arc is beatified in Rome.
1906 - Up to 3,000 people die either from collapsing buildings or in the subsequent fire after a series of violent shocks in the Great San Francisco, CA
1831 - The University of Alabama is founded in Tuscaloosa, Alabama
19 2011 - Fidel Castro resigns as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba after holding the title since July 1961
2005 - Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger is elected to the papacy and becomes Pope Benedict XVI
2000 - Air Philippines Flight 541 crashes in Samal, Davao del Norte, killing all 131 people on board
1995 - Truck bomb explodes in Oklahoma City kills 168 people
1993 - Branch Davidian compound at Mount Carmel in Waco, Texas, burns
1985 - Two hundred ATF and FBI agents lay siege to the compound of the white supremacist survivalist group The Covenant, The Sword, and the Arm of the Lord in Arkansas; the CSA surrenders two days later.
1975 - India's first satellite Aryabhata launched in orbit from Kapustin Yar, Russia
1971 - Soviet launches Salyut 1, the first space station
1971 - Sierra Leone becomes a republic
1770 - Marie Antoinette marries Louis XVI of France in a proxy wedding
20 2013 - A 6.6-magnitude earthquake strikes Lushan County, Ya'an, in China's Sichuan province, killing more than 150 people and injuring thousands.
2012 - A plane crashes in a residential area, Islamabad, Pakistan, killing 127 people.
2008 - 26-year-old Danica Patrick wins the Indy Japan 300 at Twin Ring Montegi in Montegi, Japan, making her the first female winner in IndyCar racing history.
1999 - Columbine High School massacre, killing 13 people and injuring 24 others
1998 - Air France Flight 422 crashes after taking off from El Dorado International Airport in Bogotá, Colombia, killing all 53 people on board.
1978 - Korean Air Lines jet forced down over Soviet Union
1972 – Apollo 16 lunar module, commanded by John Young and piloted by Charles Duke, lands on the moon.
1912 - Opening day for baseball's Tiger Stadium in Detroit, and Fenway Park in Boston
1902 - Pierre and Marie Curie refine radium chloride.
1898 - President William McKinley signs a joint resolution to Congress for declaration of war against Spain, beginning the Spanish–American War.
1777 - New York adopts state constitution
21 2019 – Eight bombs explode in Sri Lanka on Easter Sunday, killing at least 250 people
1992 - Executions resume in California
1989 - Over 100,000 Chinese students begin protests at Tiananmen Square
1987 – The Tamil Tigers detonates car bombs in the Sri Lankan capital city of Colombo, killing 106 people.
1975 - Vietnam War: President of South Vietnam Nguyễn Văn Thiệu flees Saigon to the U.S as Xuan Loc falls
1967 – A few days before the general election in Greece, Colonel George Papadopoulos leads a coup d'état, establishing a military regime that lasts for 7 years
1956 - Elvis Presley's first No. 1 hit
1895 - First projected movie in the U.S.
763 BC - Rome is founded
22 1994 - Former President Richard Nixon dies
1977 – Optical fiber is first used to carry live telephone traffic.
1970 - First Earth Day is celebrated
1948 – Arab–Israeli War: The port city of Haifa is captured by Jewish forces.
1945 - Hitler admits defeat
1915 - Germans introduce poison gas
1864 – The U.S. Congress passes the Coinage Act of 1864 that mandates that the inscription "In God We Trust" be placed on all coins minted as U.S. currency.
1519 – Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés establishes a settlement at Veracruz, Mexico.
23 2005 – The first YouTube video, "Me at the Zoo", is published.
1993 – Eritreans vote overwhelmingly for independence from Ethiopia in a United Nations-monitored referendum.
1990 – Namibia becomes the 160th member of the United Nations.
1987 - Chrysler Corporation purchases Nuova Automobili F. Lamborghini, the Bologna, Italy-based maker of high-priced, high-performance cars.
1975 - Ford says that war is finished for America
1969 - Sirhan Sirhan is sentenced to the death penalty after being convicted in the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy
1940 – The Rhythm Club fire in Natchez, Mississippi, kills 198 people.
1935 – The Polish Constitution of 1935 is adopted.
1564 - William Shakespeare born
1791 - President Buchanan is born in Pennsylvania.
24 2013 – A building collapses near Dhaka, Bangladesh, killing 1,129 people and injuring at least 2,500 others.
1990 – NASA launches Hubble Space Telescope, STS-31, from the Space Shuttle Discovery.
1980 - An ill-fated military operation to rescue the 52 American hostages held in Tehran, Iran, ends with 8 U.S. servicemen dead and no hostages rescued.
1970 – China launches Dong Fang Hong I, becoming the 5th country to put an object into orbit using its own booster.
1970 – The Gambia becomes a republic with Dawda Jawara as its first President.
1945 - President Truman is briefed on Manhattan Project, which is attempting to develop the first atomic bomb
1936 - First unscheduled television event
1915 – The arrest of 250 Armenian intellectuals and community leaders in Istanbul marks the beginning of the Armenian Genocide.
1800 - Library of Congress is established
25 2015 - A magnitude 7.8 quake kills more than 9,000 people in Lamjung, Nepal
2005 – Bulgaria and Romania sign accession treaties to join the European Union.
2004 – The March for Women's lives brings around 800,000 protesters, mostly pro-choice, to Washington D.C.
1990 - The Hubble Space Telescope is placed into a low orbit around Earth
1980 - A Dan-Air Boeing 727 carrying British tourists to the Canary Islands crashes, killing all 146 on board
1944 – The United Negro College Fund is incorporated.
1882 – French and Vietnamese troops clash the first battle in northern Vietnam
1898 – The United States declares war on Spain.
1862 - Fall of New Orleans
1859 - Ground broken for Suez Canal
26 2019 – Marvel Studios releases "Avengers: Endgame", becoming the highest grossing film of all time with a worldwide box-office gross of over $2.8 billion
1994 – China Airlines Flight 140 crashes at Nagoya Airport in Japan, killing 264 of the 271 people on board.
1989 – A violent tornado strikes Central Bangladesh, killing more than 1,300 people and injuring at least 12,000 others
1986 - Lucille Ball dies
1986 - Nuclear disaster at Chernobyl
1984 - Reagan visits China
1982 – 57 people are killed by former police officer Woo Bum-kon in a shooting spree in South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea.
1981 – Dr. Michael R. Harrison of the University of California, San Francisco Medical Center performs the world's first human open fetal surgery.
1964 – Tanganyika and Zanzibar merge to form Tanzania.
1962 – NASA's Ranger 4 spacecraft crashes into the Moon.
1954 - Geneva Conference begins
27 2018 – The Panmunjom Declaration is signed between North Korea and South Korea, officially declaring their intentions to end the Korean conflict.
2015 - The first female African-American Attorney General, Loretta Lynch, is appointed.
1994 - South Africa holds first multiracial elections
1992 – The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, comprising Serbia and Montenegro, is proclaimed.
1992 – The Russian Federation and 12 other former Soviet republics become members of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank..
1981 – Xerox PARC introduces the computer mouse.
1978 - Afghanistan President Sardar Mohammed Daoud is overthrown and murdered
1961 – Sierra Leone is granted its independence from the United Kingdom, with Milton Margai as the first Prime Minister.
1945 – World War II: Benito Mussolini is arrested by Italian partisans in Dongo, while attempting escape disguised as a German soldier.
1941 - German forces enter Athens
1865 – The New York State Senate creates Cornell University as the state's land grant institution.
1822 - President Grant is born in Vermont.
4977 BC - Universe is created, according to Kepler.
28 1978 – President of Afghanistan, Mohammed Daoud Khan, is overthrown and assassinated in a coup led by pro-communist rebels.
1969 - Charles de Gaulle resigns as president of France
1967 – Vietnam War: Boxer Muhammad Ali refuses his induction into the United States Army and is subsequently stripped of his championship and license.
1945 – Benito Mussolini and his mistress Clara Petacci are shot dead at Lake Como by Walter Audisio, a member of the Italian resistance movement.
1920 – Azerbaijan is added to the Soviet Union.
1915 - International Congress of Women opens at The Hague Netherlands, with more than 1,200 delegates from 12 countries.
1758 - U.S. Senator/President James Monroe is born in Virginia.
29 2004 - The last Oldsmobile comes off the assembly line at the Lansing Car Assembly plant in Michigan, ending the 106-year-old automotive brand, America’s oldest car model
2004 - National World War II Memorial opens in Washington, D.C.
1991 - A devastating cyclone hits Bangladesh, killing more than 135,000 people
1975 - U.S. involvement in the war comes to an end, evacuating U.S. citizens from Saigon.
1953 – The first U.S. experimental 3D television broadcast showed an episode of Space Patrol on Los Angeles ABC affiliate KECA-TV.
1945 - Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun marry
1945 - Americans liberates Dachau, Munich, the first concentration camp established by Germany’s Nazi regime
1862 - Union captures New Orleans
1854 - Ashmun Institute, the first college founded solely for African-American students, is officially chartered
30 2009 – Chrysler files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
2014 – A bomb blast in Ürümqi, China kills 3 people and injures 79 others.
1980 – The Iranian Embassy siege begins in London.
1975 - North Vietnam communist forces gain control of Saigon, South Vietnam surrenders
1970 - President Nixon announces sending US troops to Cambodia.
1948 - Land Rover is introduced
1945 - Adolf Hitler commits suicide in his underground bunker as Russian troops fought to within yards of his subterranean bunker.
1927 - The first federal prison for women opens
1925 - Dodge is produced and sold
1905 – Albert Einstein completes his doctoral thesis at the University of Zurich.
1789 - George Washington gives first presidential inaugural address
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